J/AJ/161/51 HST spectral light curve of HAT-P-41 (Sheppard+, 2021)
The Hubble PanCET Program: a metal-rich atmosphere for the inflated hot Jupiter
HAT-P-41b.
Sheppard K.B., Welbanks L., Mandell A.M., Madhusudhan N., Nikolov N.,
Deming D., Henry G.W., Williamson M.H., Sing D.K., Lopez-Morales M., Ih J.,
Sanz-Forcada J., Lavvas P., Ballester G.E., Evans T.M., Munoz A.G.,
dos Santos L.A.
<Astron. J., 161, 51 (2021)>
=2021AJ....161...51S 2021AJ....161...51S
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets; Stars, dwarfs; Photometry, RI; Spectra, optical;
Spectra, ultraviolet; Spectra, infrared
Keywords: Exoplanet atmospheric composition ; Exoplanet atmospheres
Abstract:
We present a comprehensive analysis of the 0.3-5µm transit spectrum
for the inflated hot Jupiter HAT-P-41b. The planet was observed in
transit with Hubble STIS and WFC3 as part of the Hubble Panchromatic
Comparative Exoplanet Treasury (PanCET) program, and we combine those
data with warm Spitzer transit observations. We extract transit depths
from each of the data sets, presenting the STIS transit spectrum
(0.29-0.93µm) for the first time. We retrieve the transit spectrum
both with a free-chemistry retrieval suite (AURA) and a complementary
chemical equilibrium retrieval suite (PLATON) to constrain the
atmospheric properties at the day-night terminator. Both methods
provide an excellent fit to the observed spectrum. Both AURA and
PLATON retrieve a metal-rich atmosphere for almost all model
assumptions (most likely O/H ratio of
log10Z/Z☉=1.46-0.68+0.53 and
log10Z/Z☉=2.33-0.25+0.23, respectively); this is driven by
a 4.9σ detection of H2O as well as evidence of gas absorption
in the optical (>2.7σ detection) due to Na, AlO, and/or VO/TiO,
though no individual species is strongly detected. Both retrievals
determine the transit spectrum to be consistent with a clear
atmosphere, with no evidence of haze or high-altitude clouds. Interior
modeling constraints on the maximum atmospheric metallicity
(log10Z/Z☉<1.7) favor the AURA results. The inferred elemental
oxygen abundance suggests that HAT-P-41b has one of the most
metal-rich atmospheres of any hot Jupiters known to date. Overall, the
inferred high metallicity and high inflation make HAT-P-41b an
interesting test case for planet formation theories.
Description:
We obtained nightly ground-based photometric observations of HAT-P-41
during its 2018 and 2019 observing seasons with the Tennessee State
University Celestron 14inch (C14) automated imaging telescope (AIT)
located at Fairborn Observatory in the Patagonia Mountains of southern
Arizona.
We observed one transit of HAT-P-41b with the Wild Field Camera 3
(WFC3) instrument on Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and three transits
with the Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) instrument as part of
the PanCET Program (ID 14767, P.I. Sing). The WFC3 observations were
taken on 2016 October 16 using the G141 prism, which covers a
wavelength range of approximately 1.1-1.7µm with a spectral
resolving power of R∼150. The STIS observations were taken with the
G430L and G750L grisms, which cover a wavelength range of
approximately 0.3-1.0µm with a spectral resolving power of R∼500.
The Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) observations were taken in
2017 January and February as part of Program 13044 (P.I. D.Deming). A
single transit of HAT-P-41b was observed in each of the IRAC1
(3.6µm) and IRAC2 (4.5µm) channels.
Objects:
-------------------------------------------------------------
RA (2000) DE Designation(s) (Period)
-------------------------------------------------------------
19 49 17.44 +04 40 20.8 HAT-P-41 = HAT-P-41 (P=2.694047d)
-------------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 27 207 AIT photometric observations of HAT-P-41
fig5.dat 53 4616 Median retrieved model for the fiducial model
fig10.dat 53 4616 Median retrieved model for the favored PLATON model
fig12.dat 53 3501 Retrieved median spectrum of model
fig18.dat 53 3499 Median retrieved ATMO component
fig19d.dat 38 1044 HST STIS G430L Visit 83 Spectral Light Curve Data
fig19m.dat 38 290000 HST STIS G430L Visit 83 Model Spectral Light Curves
fig20d.dat 38 1160 HST STIS G430L Visit 84 Spectral Light Curve Data
fig20m.dat 38 290000 HST STIS G430L Visit 84 Model Spectral Light Curves
fig21d.dat 38 510 HST STIS G750L Visit 85 Spectral Light Curve Data
fig21m.dat 38 170000 HST STIS G750L Visit 85 Model Spectral Light Curves
fig22d.dat 38 2697 HST WFC3 De-trended Spectral Light Curve Data
fig22m.dat 38 14500 HST WFC3 Model Spectral Light Curves
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See also:
B/pastel : The PASTEL catalogue (Soubiran+, 2016-)
I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)
I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)
VI/133 : A variationally computed hot NH3 line list - BYTe (Yurchenko+, 2011)
J/ApJ/725/875 : Chromospheric activity for CPS stars (Isaacson+, 2010)
J/ApJ/743/48 : Stars with Prot & X-ray luminosities (Wright+, 2011)
J/ApJ/747/35 : HST/WFC3 transit observation of GJ1214b (Berta+, 2012)
J/AJ/144/139 : HAT-P-39, HAT-P-40, and HAT-P-41 follow-up (Hartman+, 2012)
J/A+A/552/A16 : Limb-darkening for CoRoT, Kepler, Spitzer II. (Claret+,2013)
J/MNRAS/437/1828 : ExoMol line list for HCN and HNC (Barber+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/440/1649 : ExoMol line lists for CH4 (Yurchenko+, 2014)
J/A+A/573/A90 : STAGGER-grid of 3D stellar models. IV. (Magic+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/449/3613 : ExoMol line lists for AlO (Patrascu+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/446/2428 : WASP-31b:HST/Spitzer transmission spectra (Sing+, 2015)
J/A+A/589/A21 : K-H2 line shapes for coolbrown dwarfs spectra (Allard+,2016)
J/A+A/589/A58 : High-resolution imaging of TEP systems (HITEP) (Evans+,2016)
J/MNRAS/463/771 : ExoMol XVIII. VO high-temperature spectrum (McKemmish+,2016)
J/AJ/153/136 : Planets & their host stars with Gaia plxs (Stassun+, 2017)
J/A+A/620/A142 : HAT-P-12b 2016-2017 light curve (Alexoudi+, 2018)
J/ApJS/237/38 : Extended abundance analysis of KOIs (Brewer+, 2018)
J/A+A/610/A20 : HITEP. II. Transiting exoplanets imaging (Evans+, 2018)
J/AJ/158/244 : HAT-P-11b spectro. light curve fit results (Chachan+, 2019)
J/ApJ/874/L31 : Giant planet bulk & atmos. metallicities (Thorngren+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/204 : HAT-P-41b transmission spectra HSTWFC3/UVIS (Wakeford+,2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 F10.4 --- HJD [58175/58803] Heliocentric Julian Date; HJD-2400000.0
12- 19 F8.5 mag Rmag [-0.58/-0.55] Program Star: Mean of 9 Comp Stars,
R band
21- 27 F7.5 mag e_Rmag [0.0002/0.009] Standard Error of Mean
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig5.dat fig1[028].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 F8.4 um Lambda Wavelength
10- 17 F8.6 % Depth Median transit depth (Rp2/Rs2)
19- 26 F8.6 % e_Depth ? Lower 1 sigma transit depth
28- 35 F8.6 % E_Depth ? Upper 1 sigma transit depth
37- 44 F8.6 % eDepth ? Lower 2 sigma transit depth
46- 53 F8.6 % Edepth ? Upper 2 sigma transit depth
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig19[md].dat fig2[012][md].dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Bin Bin number
4- 10 F7.5 um Wave ? Wavelength
12- 20 F9.6 --- Phase Planet's Orbital Phase
22- 29 F8.6 --- Fp/Fs De-trended Planet/Star Flux
31- 38 F8.6 --- e_Fp/Fs ? Error on Planet/Star Flux
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 23-Mar-2021