J/AJ/162/98 Sample of active stars with composite light curves (Bromley+, 2021)
Seeking echoes of circumstellar disks in Kepler light curves.
Bromley B.C., Leonard A., Quintanilla A., King A.J., Mann C., Kenyon S.J.
<Astron. J., 162, 98-98 (2021)>
=2021AJ....162...98B 2021AJ....162...98B (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, flare; Effective temperatures; Optical; Photometry
Keywords: Circumstellar disks; Debris disks; Exozodiacal dust; Stellar flares
Exoplanet astronomy
Abstract:
Light echoes of flares on active stars offer the opportunity for
direct detection of circumstellar dust. We revisit the problem of
identifying faint echoes in postflare light curves, focusing on debris
disks from ongoing planet formation. Starting with simulations, we
develop an algorithm for estimating the radial extent and total mass
from disk echo profiles. We apply this algorithm to light curves from
over 2100 stars observed by NASA's Kepler mission, selected for
multiple short-lived flares in either the long-cadence or
short-cadence data sets. While flux uncertainties in light curves from
individual stars preclude useful mass limits on circumstellar disks,
catalog-averaged light curves yield constraints on disk mass that are
comparable to estimates from known debris disks. The average mass in
micron- to millimeter-sized dust around the Kepler stars cannot exceed
10% of an Earth mass in exo-Kuiper belts or 10% of a lunar mass in the
terrestrial zone. We group stars according to IR excess, based on WISE
W1-W3 color, as an indicator for the presence of circumstellar dust.
The mass limits are greater for stars with strong IR excess, a hint
that echoes are lurking not far beneath the noise in postflare light
curves. With increased sensitivity, echo detection will let
time-domain astronomy complement spectroscopic and direct-imaging
studies in mapping how, when, and where planets form.
Description:
The exquisite photometric time series of the starlight from stars
observed by NASA's Kepler satellite (Borucki+, 2010Sci...327..977B 2010Sci...327..977B)
offers a unique opportunity to search for flare echoes.
Here we mine the data from stars in the Kepler Input Catalog (KIC) for
impulsive flares, seeking the signatures of echoes in composite light
curves.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 135 2361 The complete sample of active stars with
composite light curves
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See also:
V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)
II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)
I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/ApJS/188/242 : Variations on debris disks. II. (Kenyon+, 2010)
J/A+A/555/A11 : DUNES survey observational results (Eiroa+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/5 : Superflares of Kepler stars. I. (Shibayama+, 2013)
J/A+A/562/A95 : Orbital solutions of eight close sdB binaries (Geier+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/447/2714 : Flare stars across the H-R diagram (Balona+, 2015)
J/other/Sci/350.64 : 51 Eri b near-infrared spectrum (Macintosh+, 2015)
J/ApJ/823/58 : Photo-reverberation mapping of 27 YSOs in LDN1688 (Meng+, 2016)
J/ApJ/829/23 : Stellar flares from Q0-Q17 Kepler LCs (Davenport, 2016)
J/ApJ/849/36 : Flaring activity of M dwarfs in the Kepler field (Yang+, 2017)
J/ApJS/229/30 : Stellar properties of Q1-17 Kepler targets (Mathur+, 2017)
J/ApJS/232/26 : Catalog of Kepler flare stars (Van Doorsselaere+, 2017)
J/MNRAS/477/5191 : Ggalactic young stellar cluster lifetimes (Richert+, 2018)
J/ApJ/887/38 : SDSS RM Project: CIV lags & LCs from 4yrs data (Grier+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 8 A8 --- KIC Kepler Input Catalog identifier
10- 11 A2 --- LC/SC Long-cadence, Short-cadence
13- 17 I5 K Teff [2661/11048]? Effective temperature (1)
19- 24 F6.3 [cm/s2] logg [-0.04/5.29]? log, surface gravity (1)
26- 34 E9.3 pc Dist [48.6/58820]? Gaia DR2 distance (2)
36- 42 F7.4 mag Gmag [8.12/20.35]? Gaia G magnitude
44- 50 F7.4 mag BP-RP [-0.43/2.59]? Gaia BP-RP color
52- 57 F6.3 mag W1-W3 [-1.33/4.67]? WISE W1-W3 color
59- 61 I3 --- NFlare [10/250] Number of flares identified
63- 65 I3 --- Ninliers [9/204] Number of flares in composite light
curve
67- 75 E9.3 --- pval [1.5e-6/1] p-value of no-flare hypothesis test
77- 85 E9.3 Mgeo Mlim [0.001/9.62] 95%-tile disk mass in MCMC
likelihood samples
87- 95 E9.3 Mgeo M05 [1.3e-5/0.85] 5%-tile disk mass in MCMC
likelihood samples
97-115 A19 --- Gaia Gaia DR2 identifier
117-135 A19 --- WISE WISE identifier
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Note (1): Stellar properties from Mathur+, 2017, J/ApJS/229/30.
Note (2): Distance from reported parallax, if positive-valued.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 30-Nov-2021