J/AJ/163/200 Robo-AO of northern stars companions (Salama+, 2022)
An Adaptive Optics Census of Companions to Northern Stars Within 25pc with
Robo-AO.
Salama M., Ziegler C., Baranec C., Liu M.C., Law N.M., Riddle R.,
Henry T.J., Winters J.G., Jao W.-C., Ou J., Ruiz A.H.
<Astron. J., 163, 200 (2022)>
=2022AJ....163..200S 2022AJ....163..200S
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: Binary stars ; Multiple stars ; Close binary stars ; High
angular resolution ; Direct imaging ; Astronomical methods ;
Observational astronomy ; Astronomy data analysis ; Solar
neighborhood
Abstract:
In order to assess the multiplicity statistics of stars across
spectral types and populations in a volume-limited sample, we censused
nearby stars for companions with Robo-AO. We report on observations of
1157 stars of all spectral types within 25pc with decl.>-13°
searching for tight companions. We detected 154 companion candidates
with separations ranging from ∼0.15" to 4.0" and magnitude differences
up to Δmi'≤7 using the robotic adaptive optics instrument
Robo-AO. We confirmed physical association from Gaia EDR3 astrometry
for 53 of the companion candidates, 99 remain to be confirmed, and two
were ruled out as background objects. We complemented the
high-resolution imaging companion search with a search for comoving
objects with separations out to 10000au in Gaia EDR3, which resulted
in an additional 147 companions registered. Of the 301 total
companions reported in this study, 49 of them are new discoveries. Out
of the 191 stars with significant acceleration measurements in the
Hipparcos-Gaia catalog of accelerations, we detect companions around
115 of them, with the significance of the acceleration increasing as
the companion separation decreases. From this survey, we report the
following multiplicity fractions (compared to literature values):
40.9%±3.0%(44%) for FGK stars and 28.2%±2.3%(27%) for M stars,
as well as higher-order fractions of 5.5%±1.1%(11%) and
3.9%±0.9%(5%) for FGK stars and M-type stars, respectively.
Description:
We obtained high-angular-resolution images of 1221 stars during 58
nights of observations between 2012 June 17 and 2013 October 23. The
observations were performed using the automated Robo-AO laser adaptive
optics system mounted on a 1.5m telescope at the Palomar observatory.
The adaptive optics system operates at a control loop rate of 1.2kHz
to correct high-order wave-front aberrations. Image displacement is
corrected postfacto using the target star in the science images that
are captured at a rate of 8.6 frames per second. Observations were
taken in the i'-band filter.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table4.dat 160 1156 All Observed Targets
table5.dat 137 301 Companion Candidate Measurements
table6.dat 53 934 The 5σ Detection Limits
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See also:
B/sb9 : SB9; 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (Pourbaix+ 2004-2014)
B/wds : The Washington Visual Double Star Catalog (Mason+ 2001-2020)
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)
V/122 : SB9; 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (Pourbaix+ 2005)
J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)
J/AJ/142/10 : New proper motion stars 0.40"/yr>pm≥0.18"/yr (Boyd+, 2011)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/ApJ/791/35 : Detection 715 Kepler planet candidates host stars (Law+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/87 : From binaries multiples. II. Statistical data (Tokovinin, 2014)
J/ApJ/799/4 : Robo-AO observations of binary stars (Riddle+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/449/2618 : M-dwarfs in Multiples (MinMs) survey. I. (Ward-Duong+, 2015)
J/AJ/149/5 : Solar neighborhood XXXV. Distances to M dwarfs (Winters+, 2015)
J/ApJ/804/30 : Robo-AO observed cool subdwarf companions (Ziegler+, 2015)
J/AJ/152/18 : Robo-AO Kepler planetary candidate survey. II. (Baranec+, 2016)
J/ApJ/835/251 : Radial velocities & BVIc LCs of the EB* CU Cnc (Wilson+, 2017)
J/AJ/156/83 : Effect of stellar companions planetary systems (Ziegler+, 2018)
J/A+A/623/A72 : Binarity Hipparcos stars from Gaia pm anomaly (Kervella+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/216 : Stellar multiplicity rate Mdwarfs within 25pc (Winters+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/139 : Multiple Mdwarf stars with Robo-AO and Gaia DR2 (Lamman+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/215 : Solar neighborhood.XLVI. New M dwarf binaries (Vrijmoet+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/19 : SOAR TESS survey. I. (Ziegler+, 2020)
J/ApJS/254/42 : Hipparcos-Gaia (EDR3) Catalog of Accelerations (Brandt, 2021)
J/AJ/162/102 : LASSO; Robo-AO observation of 444 young stars (Salama+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/63 : M dwarfs masses 0.1≲M/M☉≲0.3 within 15pc (Winters+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Robo Robo-AO target identifier
13- 31 A19 --- Simbad SIMBAD target identifier
33- 51 I19 --- Gaia ? Gaia EDR3 target identifier
53- 54 I2 h RAh [0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
56- 57 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
59- 66 F8.5 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
68 A1 --- DE- [±] Sign of the Declination (J2000)
69- 70 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
72- 73 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
75- 81 F7.4 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
83- 87 F5.2 mag Vmag [-0.12/15.99]? Apparent V band Vega magnitude
89- 93 F5.2 mag Gmag [2.27/16.04]? Apparent GaiaEDR3 Gband magnitude
95- 99 F5.2 pc Dist [1.83/24.96] Distance
101-104 F4.2 pc e_Dist [0/0.91]? Uncertainty in Dist
106 A1 --- r_Dist Reference code for Dist (1)
108-122 A15 --- SpT Spectral type
124 A1 --- r_SpT Reference code for SpType (1)
126-129 I4 yr Obs.Y [2012/2013]? UTC Year of the observation
131-133 A3 "month" Obs.M ? UTC Month of the observation
135-136 I2 d Obs.D ? UTC Day of the observation
138-141 F4.1 --- RUWE [0.7/39.1]? Gaia EDR3 RUWE Renormalized Unit
Weight Error value
143-150 F8.1 --- chi2 [0/192760]? HIP-Gaia primary χ2acc value
152-160 A9 --- Can? Companion candidate?
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Note (1): Code as follows:
S = SIMBAD
G = Gaia EDR3
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 A9 --- Robo Robo-AO target identifier
11- 12 A2 --- Comp Companion identifier
14- 17 A4 --- f_Robo Flag on Robo (1)
19- 37 I19 --- Gaia ? Gaia EDR3 target identifier
39- 47 A9 --- Detect Detection source
49- 60 F12.7 d JD [2012/2014]? Julian Date of detection
62- 67 F6.2 arcsec ASep [0.09/329] Angular separation
69- 72 F4.2 arcsec e_ASep [0.06/0.2]? Uncertainty in ASep
74- 80 F7.2 AU PSep [1.58/6285] Physical separation
82- 87 F6.2 AU e_PSep [0/798]? Uncertainty in PSep
89- 93 F5.1 deg PA [0.6/359] Position angle
95- 98 F4.1 deg e_PA [0.7/44]? Uncertainty in PA
100-101 A2 --- Filt Filter used
103-107 F5.2 mag Con [0.01/13.8] Contrast
109-112 F4.2 mag e_Con [0/1.8]? Uncertainty in Con
114-116 I3 --- S/N [7/609]? Detection Signal-to-Noise
118-121 E4.0 --- Dplx/plx [1e-06/1]? Ratio of parallax difference to
primary parallax
124-127 E4.0 --- Dmu/mu [0.0001/1.1]? Ratio of proper motion
difference to primary proper motion
129-131 A3 --- Assoc Physically associated?
133-137 E5.0 --- R [1e-13/0.1]? Ratio of estimated density of
a chance alignment
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
W19 = Found in Winters+, 2019, J/AJ/157/216
R10 = Found in Raghavan+, 2010, J/ApJS/190/1
WDS = Found in the Washington Double Star catalog.
Int4 = Found in the Fourth Catalog of Interferometric
Measurements of Binary Stars.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Robo Robo-AO target identifier
13- 18 A6 --- Q Quality
20- 23 F4.2 mag Lim0.5 [0/3.17]? Limiting magnitude at 0.5arcsec
25- 28 F4.2 mag Lim1.0 [0/4.73]? Limiting magnitude at 1.0arcsec
30- 33 F4.2 mag Lim1.5 [0.25/6.26]? Limiting magnitude at 1.5arcsec
35- 38 F4.2 mag Lim2.0 [0.83/7.13]? Limiting magnitude at 2.0arcsec
40- 43 F4.2 mag Lim2.5 [1.4/7.63]? Limiting magnitude at 2.5arcsec
45- 48 F4.2 mag Lim3.0 [1.92/7.97]? Limiting magnitude at 3.0arcsec
50- 53 F4.2 mag Lim3.5 [1.91/8.26]? Limiting magnitude at 3.5arcsec
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 12-Sep-2022