J/AJ/163/257 Properties of 125 M-dwarfs in the southern CVZ (Anthony+, 2022)
Activity and Rotation of Nearby Field M Dwarfs in the TESS Southern Continuous
Viewing Zone.
Anthony F., Nunez A., Agueros M.A., Curtis J.L., do Nascimento J.-D. Jr,
Machado J.M., Mann A.W., Newton E.R., Rampalli R., Thao Pa C., Wood M.L.
<Astron. J., 163, 257 (2022)>
=2022AJ....163..257A 2022AJ....163..257A
ADC_Keywords: Stars, M-type; Stars, dwarfs; Spectra, optical; Spectra, infrared;
Stars, masses
Keywords: Low mass stars ; Stellar activity ; Stellar rotation
Abstract:
The evolution of magnetism in late-type dwarfs remains murky, as we
can only weakly predict levels of activity for M dwarfs of a given
mass and age. We report results from our spectroscopic survey of M
dwarfs in the Southern Continuous Viewing Zone (CVZ) of the Transiting
Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). As the TESS CVZs overlap with those
of the James Webb Space Telescope, our targets constitute a legacy
sample for studies of nearby M dwarfs. For 122 stars, we obtained at
least one R∼2000 optical spectrum with which we measure chromospheric
Hα emission, a proxy for magnetic field strength. The fraction
of active stars is consistent with what is expected for field M
dwarfs; as in previous studies, we find that late-type M dwarfs remain
active for longer than their early-type counterparts. While the TESS
light curves for ∼20% of our targets show modulations consistent with
rotation, TESS systematics are not well enough understood for
confident measurements of rotation periods (Prot) longer than half the
length of an observing sector. We report periods for 12 stars for
which we measure Prot≲15days or find confirmation for the
TESS-derived Prot in the literature. Our sample of 21 Prot, which
includes periods from the literature, is consistent with our targets
being spun-down field stars. Finally, we examine the Hα-to-
bolometric luminosity distribution for our sample. Two stars are
rotating fast enough to be magnetically saturated, but are not,
hinting at the possibility that fast rotators may appear inactive in
Hα.
Description:
We have conducted a spectroscopic survey of M dwarfs located in the
southern Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) Continuous
Viewing Zone (CVZ) and within 80pc of the Sun. We obtained our
spectroscopic data primarily through observations with the Goodman
High-Throughput Spectrograph on the Southern Astrophysical Research
(SOAR) 4.1m telescope and the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS)
on the Gemini-South 8.1m telescope, both located on Cerro Pachon,
Chile.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 219 125 Properties of M dwarfs in the southern CVZ
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See also:
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)
I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
J/A+A/327/1039 : Structure and evolution of low-mass stars (Chabrier+ 1997)
J/A+A/331/581 : Rotation and activity in field M dwarfs (Delfosse+ 1998)
J/AJ/128/426 : Subdwarfs in the SDSS (West+, 2004)
J/ApJ/646/297 : Spitzer observations of pre-main-sequence stars (Rebull+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/407/465 : Fast-rotating M dwarfs in NGC2516 (Jackson+, 2010)
J/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011)
J/ApJ/743/48 : Stars with rotation periods & Xray luminosities (Wright+, 2011)
J/AJ/144/93 : Close white dwarf + M dwarf binaries (WD+dM) (Morgan+, 2012)
J/AJ/143/93 : Rotational velocities in early-M stars (Reiners+, 2012)
J/ApJ/795/161 : Activity & rotation in Praesepe and the Hyades (Douglas+, 2014)
J/ApJ/807/45 : Potent. habitable planets orbiting M dwarfs (Dressing+, 2015)
J/ApJ/809/161 : X-ray obs. and membership probabilities of M37 (Nunez+, 2015)
J/AJ/149/158 : The BUD sample. I. L dwarf activity sample (Schmidt+, 2015)
J/AJ/152/8 : Impact stellar multiplicity planetary systems I. (Kraus+, 2016)
J/A+A/600/A13 : HARPS M dwarf sample magnetic activity (Astudillo-Defru+, 2017)
J/ApJ/842/83 : Praesepe members rotational periods K2 LCs (Douglas+, 2017)
J/ApJ/834/85 : Hα emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/118 : WD+dMs from SUPERBLINK proper motion survey (Skinner+, 2017)
J/ApJ/862/33 : Improved & expanded membership catalog NGC752 (Agueros+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/259 : Robo-AO detected close binaries in Gaia DR2 (Ziegler+, 2018)
J/ApJ/879/100 : K2 rotation periods Hyades & Praesepe members (Douglas+, 2019)
J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf II. Nearby binaries (Mann+, 2019)
J/ApJ/895/140 : EvryFlare. II. Parameters 122 cool flare stars (Howard+, 2020)
J/A+A/635/A43 : Stellar rotation periods K2 Campaigns 0-18 (Reinhold+, 2020)
J/AJ/162/147 : Rotation periods 43 TOIs with Evryscope & TESS (Howard+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/277 : Sample of 45 HαEW outliers (Kiman+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS designation
18- 46 A29 --- Gaia Gaia EDR3 designation
48- 57 F10.6 deg RAdeg [71/121] Right ascension (J2000)
59- 68 F10.6 deg DEdeg [-78/-55] Declination (J2000)
70- 75 F6.3 pc Dist [8.83/77.7] Distance from
Bailer-Jones+, 2021, I/352
77- 81 F5.3 pc e_Dist [0.001/0.4] mean error on Dist
83- 89 F7.4 mag Ksmag [5.44/12.97] Ks 2MASS magnitude
91- 96 F6.4 mag e_Ksmag [0.01/0.04] mean error on Ks magnitude
98-104 F7.4 mag rmag [8.38/18.45] r' magnitude
106-111 F6.4 mag e_rmag [0/0.3] mean error on r' magnitude
113-117 A5 --- r_rmag Source for r' magnitude (1)
119-125 F7.4 mag Gmag [8.28/17.1] Gaia EDR3 G magnitude
127-132 F6.4 mag e_Gmag [0.002/0.003] mean error on G magnitude
134-140 F7.4 mag GRPmag [7.37/15.7] Gaia EDR3 GRP magnitude
142-147 F6.4 mag e_GRPmag [0.003/0.005] mean error on GRP magnitude
149-153 F5.3 --- RUWE [0.83/9.92] Gaia EDR3 RUWE statistic
155-156 I2 --- NSpec [0/29] Number of spectra
158-164 F7.3 0.1nm EWHa [-11.6/0.9]? Equivalent width of Halpha line
166-170 F5.3 0.1nm e_EWHa [0.003/1]? mean error of the equivalent width
172-176 F5.3 0.1nm EWq [0.07/0.32]? Quiescent absorption equivalent
width of the H-alpha line
178-183 F6.3 d Prot [0.9/85]? Rotation period
185-193 A9 --- r_Prot Source of rotation period measurement (2)
195-199 F5.3 Msun Mass [0.1/0.6] Stellar mass
201-207 F7.3 d tau [34.9/148] Convective turnover time
209-213 F5.3 10-5 chi [1.61/7.13] chi value
215-219 F5.3 10-5 e_chi [0.1/1.8] mean error of the chi value
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Note (1): Sources as follows:
APASS = APASS DR9 Survey, Henden+, 2016, II/336 (105 occurrences)
DM09 = Derived from the V-(J-K)-r' relation in Dymock & Miles,
2009JBAA..119..149D 2009JBAA..119..149D (20 occurrences)
Note (2): Sources as follows:
AD17 = Derived from the log(R')-Prot relation in
Astudillo-Defru+, 2017, J/A+A600/A13 (6 occurrences)
Evryscope = The Evryscope, Ratzloff+, 2019, J/PASP/131/G5001 (2 occurrences)
ME/TESS = The MEarth Project, Berta+, 2012AJ....144..145B 2012AJ....144..145B (1 occurrence)
TESS = Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (12 occurrences)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 26-Sep-2022