J/AJ/164/244 NICMOS Kernel-phase Interferometry. I. Brown dwarfs (Factor+, 2022)
NICMOS Kernel-phase Interferometry.
I. Catalogue of Brown Dwarfs Observed in F110W and F170M.
Factor S.M.,Kraus A.L.
<Astron. J., 164, 244 (2022)>
=2022AJ....164..244F 2022AJ....164..244F
ADC_Keywords: Stars, brown dwarf; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: Brown dwarfs ; Direct imaging ; Direct detection interferometry
; Interferometry ; Hubble Space Telescope ; Near-infrared
astronomy
Abstract:
Filling out the dearth of detections between direct imaging and radial
velocity surveys will test theories of planet formation and
(sub)stellar binarity across the full range of semimajor axes,
connecting formation of close- to wide-separation gas giants and
substellar companions. Direct detection of close-in companions is
notoriously difficult: coronagraphs and point-spread function
subtraction techniques fail near the λ/D diffraction limit. We
present a new faint companion detection pipeline called Argus that
analyzes kernel phases, an interferometric observable analogous to
closure phases from nonredundant aperture masking but utilizing the
full unobscured telescope aperture. We demonstrate the pipeline, and
the power of interferometry, by performing a companion search on the
entire HST/NICMOS F110W and F170M image archive of 114 nearby brown
dwarfs (observed in seven different programs). Our pipeline is able to
detect companions down to flux ratios of ∼102 at half the classical
diffraction limit. We discover no new companions, but recover and
refine astrometry of 19 previous imaging companions (two with multiple
epochs) and confirm two previous kernel-phase detections. We discuss
the limitations of this technique with respect to nondetections of
previously confirmed or proposed companions. We present contrast
curves to enable population studies to leverage nondetections and to
demonstrate the strength of this technique at separations inaccessible
to classical imaging techniques. The binary fraction of our sample
(εb=14.4-3.0+4.7%) is consistent with previous binary
surveys, even with sensitivity to much tighter separation companions.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 152 114 Target information
refs.dat 60 48 References used
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See also:
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
J/ApJ/564/421 : Spectra of T dwarfs. I. (Burgasser+, 2002)
J/AJ/126/2421 : 2MASS-Selected sample of ultracool dwarfs (Cruz+, 2003)
J/A+A/440/1061 : Southern red high proper motion objects (Lodieu+, 2005)
J/ApJ/637/1067 : Near-IR spectral classification of T dwarfs (Burgasser+, 2006)
J/AJ/131/2722 : New L and T dwarfs from the SDSS (Chiu+, 2006)
J/AJ/132/891 : Binaries among nearby L dwarfs (Reid+, 2006)
J/AJ/133/2258 : Activity and kinematics of ultracool dwarfs (Schmidt+, 2007)
J/ApJ/676/1281 : L and T dwarfs in 2MASS/SDSS (Metchev+, 2008)
J/AJ/136/1290 : Ultracool dwarfs from the 2MASS (Reid+, 2008)
J/AJ/135/785 : SDSS-DR5 low-mass star spectroscopic sample (West+, 2008)
J/AJ/137/1 : Proper motions & astrometry late-type dwarfs (Faherty+, 2009)
J/ApJ/710/1142 : SpeX spectroscopy of low mass binaries. I. (Burgasser+, 2010)
J/A+A/522/A112 : i'z' photometry of L5 & later dwarf candidates (Reyle+, 2010)
J/ApJ/731/8 : Multiple star formation in Taurus-Auriga (Kraus+, 2011)
J/AJ/144/99 : Near-IR spectroscopy of 36 late M dwarfs (Deshpande+, 2012)
J/ApJS/201/19 : Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. I. (Dupuy+, 2012)
J/ApJ/752/56 : BDKP. III. Parallaxes for 70 ultracool dwarfs (Faherty+, 2012)
J/ApJ/757/141 : Companion IR detection limit young associations (Kraus+, 2012)
J/A+A/564/A125 : AGN Torus model comparison of AGN in the CDFS (Buchner+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/34 : SpeX library of L-type dwarfs (Schneider+, 2014)
J/ApJS/219/33 : BANYAN. VII. Candidate YMG members from BASS (Gagne+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/449/3651 : L and T dwarfs from UKIDSS LAS (Marocco+, 2015)
J/ApJS/225/10 : Kinematic analysis of M7-L8 dwarfs (Faherty+, 2016)
J/ApJS/224/36 : The AllWISE motion survey (AllWISE2) (Kirkpatrick+, 2016)
J/ApJ/833/96 : Hawaii IR parallax program. II. Ultracool dwarfs (Liu+, 2016)
J/A+A/589/A49 : Photometric brown-dwarf classification (Skrzypek+, 2016)
J/AJ/154/147 : Astrometry&photometry late-type dwarfs&subdwarfs (Dahn+, 2017)
J/ApJS/231/15 : Astrometric monitoring ultracool dwarf binaries (Dupuy+, 2017)
J/ApJS/234/1 : Catalog M, L, & T dwarfs from PS1 3π Survey (Best+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/481/3548 : Parallaxes of Southern Extremely Cool objects (Smart+, 2018)
J/ApJS/240/19 : Parallaxes of late-T and Y dwarfs (Kirkpatrick+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/257 : Hawaii IR plx program. IV. L0-T8 BDs with UKIRT (Best+, 2020)
J/A+A/634/A1 : NGC 1068 GRAVITY reconstructed image (GRAVITY+, 2020)
J/AJ/161/42 : Volume-limited sample cool dwarfs I L0-T8 dwarfs (Best+, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 24 A24 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (2 SDSS)
26- 49 A24 --- OName Other identifier
51- 59 A9 --- SpT Spectral type
61- 62 I2 --- r_SpT [3/42] Reference flag for SpType
64- 69 F6.2 mas plx [23.7/276] Parallax
71- 75 F5.2 mas e_plx [0.06/13] Uncertainty in plx
77- 78 I2 --- r_plx [2/48] Reference flag for plx
80- 85 F6.3 mag Jmag [8.66/17] Apparent J-band magnitude
87- 91 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.008/0.2] Uncertainty in Jmag
93- 94 I2 --- r_Jmag [1/37] Reference flag for Jmag
96-101 F6.3 mag Hmag [8.16/16.9] Apparent H-band magnitude
103-107 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.01/0.2] Uncertainty in Hmag
109-110 I2 --- r_Hmag [1/25] Reference flag of Hmag
112-139 A28 --- Gaia Gaia identifier
141-152 A12 --- HST HST program identifier(s)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Ref [1/48] Reference code
4- 23 A20 --- Author Main author
25- 43 A19 --- BIB BIBcode
45- 60 A16 --- Cat. Catalog in Vizier
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 30-Jan-2023