J/AJ/165/135 Survey of Herbig Ae/Be multiplicity (Thomas+, 2023)
A Survey of Herbig Ae/Be Multiplicity.
Thomas S.J., Rodgers B., van der Bliek N.S., Doppmann G., Bouvier J.,
Salvo C.A., Beuzit J.-L., Rigaut F.
<Astron. J., 165, 135 (2023)>
=2023AJ....165..135T 2023AJ....165..135T
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple; Stars, Be; Stars, A-type;
Photometry, infrared; Positional data; Effective temperatures
Keywords: Multiple stars ; Herbig Ae/Be stars ; Surveys
Abstract:
Although the majority of Herbig Ae/Be (HAEBE) stars are likely
multiple systems, relatively few multiples have been identified. We
aim to create a statistically significant survey of HAEBE multiplicity
as a function of stellar mass, to shed light on mixed-mass star
formation. Two independent adaptive optics IR imaging surveys were
conducted, between 1993 and 2007. A total of 143 stars were observed,
including 126 HAEBE stars. These surveys are significantly more
sensitive than previous imaging work and, combined with accurate
distance and proper-motion data from GAIA Data Release 3, provide a
broad survey of intermediate-mass multiplicity. We perform a
statistical probability analysis to identify the likely physical
companions, and analyze multiepoch observations for common proper
motions. We find 250 stellar detections around 88 sample stars. Of
these, 70 systems are likely multiple systems, and 42 companions
around 29 systems are reported here for the first time. Correcting for
completeness, we find a multiplicity fraction of 54%. Multiples are
found randomly across all spectral types, but high-order multiples are
more common among the hottest stars. Statistically likely companions
are found at distances of up to several thousand astronomical units
and ΔK magnitudes ranging from <0.1 to ∼9, although companions
with ΔK<1.5 are rare. Companions around Herbig Ae stars tend to
be closer than those around Herbig Be stars. We confirm 24
proper-motion companions in 21 systems, including roughly half of the
statistically very likely companions; however, many proper-motion
results are inconclusive.
Description:
Details about observations are available in table2.dat
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 104 143 Observed Sample
table2.dat 47 5 Details of the observing surveys
table3.dat 78 106 Statistically likely companions
table8.dat 98 175 Multi-epoch observations
table9.dat 76 144 Data for the non-likely candidates
refs.dat 62 32 References used
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See also:
B/simbad : Simbad objects catalogue (M.Wenger 2000)
III/182 : HDE Charts; positions, proper motions (Nesterov+ 1995)
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)
I/337 : Gaia DR1 (Gaia Collaboration, 2016)
I/347 : Distances to 1.33 billion stars in Gaia DR2 (Bailer-Jones+, 2018)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
J/A+AS/104/315 : Member of Herbig Ae/Be stellar group (The+ 1994)
J/ApJS/101/117 : UBVRIJHKLMNQ photometry in Taurus-Auriga (Kenyon+ 1995)
J/A+A/323/139 : K magnitude of Pleiades low-mass binaries (Bouvier+ 1997)
J/AJ/113/1733 : Orion Nebula Cluster population (Hillenbrand 1997)
J/AJ/114/2644 : UBVRIHa photometry of NGC2264 (Sung+, 1997)
J/MNRAS/310/210 : Stellar composition of CMa R1 (Shevchenko+, 1999)
J/A+A/378/116 : Classification & vsini of Vega-type & PMS stars (Mora+, 2001)
J/AJ/126/2971 : UBVRI photometry of 131 Herbig Ae/Be (Vieira+, 2003)
J/A+A/438/769 : Pre-main sequence stars Proper Motion Cat. (Ducourant+, 2005)
J/MNRAS/371/252 : Southern B and Be stars (Levenhagen+, 2006)
J/ApJ/653/657 : Spectroscopic observations Herbig Ae/Be stars (Manoj+, 2006)
J/A+A/450/681 : Companions to close spectroscopic binaries (Tokovinin+, 2006)
J/AJ/135/2496 : Near-IR survey of Class I protostars (Connelley+, 2008)
J/ApJ/703/1511 : Wide binaries in Taurus and Upper Sco (Kraus+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/453/976 : Herbig Ae/Be X-shooter observations (Fairlamb+, 2015)
J/A+A/599/A14 : Taurus ultra-wide pairs (Joncour+, 2017)
J/A+A/620/A128 : Gaia DR2 study of Herbig Ae/Be stars (Vioque+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/493/234 : Herbig Ae/Be accretion & mechanisms (Wichittanakom+ 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 A10 --- Name Object identifier
11 A1 --- f_Name [o] Flag on Name (1)
13- 14 I2 h RAh [0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
16- 17 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
19- 25 F7.4 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
27 A1 --- DE- [±] Sign of the Declination (J2000)
28- 29 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
31- 32 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
34- 39 F6.3 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
41- 49 A9 --- SpT Spectral Type
51- 55 I5 K Teff [5740/35900]? Effective temperature
57 A1 --- f_Teff [*] Flag on Teff means spectral type was used to
derive Teff
59- 62 I4 pc Dist [64/6345]? Distance
64- 67 I4 pc B_Dist [64/6868]? Upper boundary on Dist
69- 72 I4 pc b_Dist [63/5896]? Lower boundary on Dist
74- 78 A5 --- r_SpT Reference code for SpType
80- 84 A5 --- r_Dist Reference code for Dis
86- 87 I2 --- NDet [0/12] Number of detections
89 I1 --- NComp [0/7] Number of companions
91-104 A14 --- Inst Instrument
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Note (1): Notes on various sources.
HIP592 is often confused with HBC324 in the literature;
HD283817 identified as G3+K spectroscopic binary by
Martin, 1993PASP..105..277M 1993PASP..105..277M;
VY Mon has large uncertainty in Teff,
R Mon classified as continuum star by HER04;
SV Cep classified as A0 by HER04
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Tel Telescope used
14- 16 F3.1 m Diam [3.6/8] Diameter
18- 23 A6 --- Inst Instrument used
25- 29 F5.2 mas Scale [13.2/51] Plate scale
31- 32 I2 s FOV [11/22] Field of view
34- 37 F4.1 s HS [5.5/10] High sensitivity FOV
39- 42 I4 yr Obs.S [1993/2007] Beginning of the obervation year
44- 47 I4 yr Obs.E [1993/2007] End of the observation year
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Name Object identifier
14 A1 --- Comp [*] Indicates a new detection in Comp
16- 21 F6.3 arcsec AngSep [0.1/10.4] Angular separation
23- 29 F7.2 deg PosAng [-173/358] Position angle
31- 37 F7.1 AU LSep [45.4/32734]? Linear separation
39- 43 F5.2 mag Kmag [3.04/13.3] Apparent K band magnitude of sample
star
45- 48 F4.2 mag DeltaK [0.07/8.6] K band magnitude difference between
sample and companion
50- 57 E8.2 --- P [9.26e-09/0.1] Probability of being unrelated
59- 69 A11 --- Like Likelihood being related
71- 72 I2 d Obs.D Date of observation, day
74- 75 I2 "month" Obs.M Date of observation, month
77- 78 I2 yr Date Date of observation, year
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 --- Name Object identifier
12 A1 --- Comp Companion name
14- 17 A4 --- f_Comp Flag on Comp (1)
19- 22 F4.2 arcsec Sep [0.1/9.17] Separation
24- 29 F6.4 arcsec e_Sep [0.001/0.2] Uncertainty in Sep
31- 35 F5.1 deg PosAng [-7/355] Position angle
37- 39 F3.1 deg e_PosAng [0.2/4.0]? Uncertainty in PosAng
41- 46 F6.3 mag DeltaK [-0.11/8.88]? K band magnitude difference
48- 54 F7.2 yr Obs [1983/2012] Observation date
56- 60 F5.2 yr MinTime [0.36/16.4] Minimum time required
62- 73 A12 --- Survey Survey name
75- 86 A12 --- PM Proper motion results
88- 98 A11 --- Stats Statistical results
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
* = Thomas was saturated (1 occurrence)
** = Pirzkal data (13 occurrences)
*** = Candidates for which the statistical and the multi-epoch
studies give different conclusions (6 occurrences)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- Comp Companion name
15- 20 F6.3 arcsec ASep [1.68/10.2] Angular separation
22- 28 F7.2 deg PosAng [-175/354] Position angle
30- 36 F7.1 AU LSep [219/29848]? Linear separation
38- 42 F5.2 mag Kmag [5.7/13.4] Apparent K band magnitude of sample
star
44- 47 F4.2 mag DeltaK [2.61/9.22] K band magnitude difference between
sample and companion
49- 56 E8.2 --- P [0.1/1] Probability of being unrelated
58- 67 A10 --- Like Likelihood being related
69- 70 I2 d Obs.D Date observation; day
72- 73 I2 "month" Obs.M Date observation; month
75- 76 I2 yr Obs.Y Date observation; year
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 5 A5 --- Ref Reference
7- 26 A20 --- Author Main author
28- 46 A19 --- BIB BIBcode
48- 62 A15 --- Cat. Catalog in Vizier
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 03-Jul-2023