J/AJ/168/202 TOI-762 and TIC 46432937: LCs data (Hartman+, 2024)
TOI 762 A b and TIC 46432937 b: two giant planets transiting M-dwarf stars.
Hartman J.D., Bayliss D., Brahm R., Bryant E.M., Jordan A., Bakos G.A.,
Hobson M.J., Sedaghati E., Bonfils X., Cointepas M., Almenara J.M.,
Barkaoui K., Timmermans M., Dransfield G., Ducrot E., Zuniga-Fernandez S.,
Hooton M.J., Pedersen P.P., Pozuelos F.J., Triaud A.H.M.J., Gillon M.,
Jehin E., Waalkes W.C., Berta-Thompson Z.K., Howell S.B., Furlan E.,
Ricker G.R., Vanderspek R., Seager S., Winn J.N., Jenkins J.M.,
Rapetti D., Collins K.A., Charbonneau D., Burke C.J., Rodriguez D.R.
<Astron. J., 168, 202 (2024)>
=2024AJ....168..202H 2024AJ....168..202H
ADC_Keywords: Exoplanets; Photometry; Spectra, optical; Stars, M-type;
Stars, dwarfs; Stars, double and multiple
Keywords: Exoplanet systems ; Exoplanet astronomy ; Transit photometry ;
Radial velocity ; Space telescopes ; M dwarf stars ;
Extrasolar gaseous giant planets
Abstract:
We present the discovery of TOI 762 A b and TIC 46432937 b, two giant
planets transiting M-dwarf stars. Transits of both systems were first
detected from observations by the NASA TESS mission, and the
transiting objects are confirmed as planets through high-precision
radial velocity observations carried out with Very Large
Telescope/ESPRESSO. TOI 762 A b is a warm sub-Saturn with a mass of
0.251±0.042MJ, a radius of 0.740±0.017RJ, and an orbital
period of 3.4717days. It transits a mid-M-dwarf star with a mass of
0.442±0.025M☉ and a radius of 0.4250±0.0091 R☉.
The star TOI 762 A has a resolved binary star companion, TOI 762 B,
that is separated from TOI 762 A by 3.2" (∼319AU) and has an estimated
mass of 0.227±0.010M☉. The planet TIC 46432937 b is a warm
super-Jupiter with a mass of 3.20±0.11MJ and radius of
1.188±0.030RJ. The planet's orbital period is P=1.4404days, and it
undergoes grazing transits of its early M-dwarf host star, which has a
mass of 0.563±0.029M☉ and a radius of 0.5299±0.0091R☉.
TIC 46432937 b is one of the highest-mass planets found to date
transiting an M-dwarf star. TIC 46432937 b is also a promising target
for atmospheric observations, having the highest transmission
spectroscopy metric or emission spectroscopy metric value of any known
warm super-Jupiter (mass greater than 3.0MJ, equilibrium temperature
below 1000K).
Description:
Ground-based photometric follow-up observations of TOI 762 A were
first obtained through the TESS Follow-up Observing Program.
Photometric follow-up observations of TIC 46432937 were also obtained.
For TOI 762 A we make use of the 30 and 2min cadence TESS light curves
corrected for systematics by TESS Science Processing Operations Center
(SPOC) using the presearch data conditioning simple aperture
photometry (PDCSAP) method of Stumpe+ (2012PASP..124..985S 2012PASP..124..985S,
2014PASP..126..100S 2014PASP..126..100S) and Smith+ (2012PASP..124.1000S 2012PASP..124.1000S).
TOI 762 A was observed in Sector 10 (Cycle 1, 2019 March-2019 April),
Sector 36 (Cycle 3, 2021 March-2021 April), Sector 37 (Cycle 3,
2021 April), and Sector 63 (Cycle 5, 2023 March-2023 April).
For TIC46432937, we use the TESS-SPOC 30 and 10min cadence light
curves, which were also corrected using the PDCSAP method. It was
observed in Sector 6 (Cycle 1, 2018 December-2019 January) and
Sector 32 (Cycle 3, 2020 November-2020 December).
All of the TESS light curves were obtained from the Mikulski Archive
for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute
(STScI).
A transit of TOI 762 A b was observed using a 1m telescope at the
Siding Spring Observatory, Australia station of the Las Cumbres
Observatory Global Telescope (LCOGT) network. The observations were
gathered through an IC bandpass on 2019 June 28 using a SINISTRO
imager.
A total of six transits of TOI 762 A b (2021 March-2023 April) and six
transits of TIC (2023 October-2024 January) 46432937 b were monitored
using the Exoplanets in Transits and their Atmospheres (ExTrA)
facility at La Silla Observatory in Chile. Several of the transits
were simultaneously observed by more than one of the three 0.6m
telescopes in the facility, and for TIC 46432937 b we made multiband
light curves from the observations, leading to a total of 14 separate
transit light curves of TOI 762 A b and 64 separate light curves of
TIC 46432937 b from this facility. The facility performs
spectrophotometric observations over a wavelength range of
0.85-1.55um. Both targets were observed with the low-resolution mode
of the spectrograph (R∼20). For TOI 762 A we made use of light
curves integrated over the full bandpass of the instrument, while for
TIC 46432937, where the grazing transits make the solution more
sensitive to limb darkening, we produced and analyzed separate Z-, Y-,
J-, and H-band light curves from each transit observation.
Two transits of TOI 762 A b were observed using the southern 0.6m
TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small Telescope (TRAPPIST-South)
at La Silla Observatory. The first transit on 2023 February 2 was
observed through an I+z filter, while the second transit on 2023
April 16 was observed through a z' filter.
A transit of TOI 762 A b was observed on 2023 April 16 using three of
the 1.0m telescopes in the Search for habitable Planets EClipsing
ULtra-cOOl Stars Southern observatory (SPECULOOS-South) at Paranal
Observatory in Chile. Observations were gathered through the g', r',
and z' filters.
Objects:
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RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
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11 04 18.18 -47 49 17.0 TOI 762 b = TOI-762.01
05 35 28.56 -14 35 50.4 TIC 46432937 b = NAME TIC 46432937 b
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 79 82918 Light curve data for TOI 762A and TIC 46432937
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See also:
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
I/357 : Gaia DR3 Part 3. Non-single stars (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
J/ApJ/710/1724 : Follow-up photometry for HAT-P-11 (Bakos+, 2010)
J/ApJ/742/116 : Photometry of 4 massive transiting exoplanets (Bakos+, 2011)
J/AJ/142/19 : Speckle observations of KOI (Howell+, 2011)
J/A+A/546/A14 : Limb-darkening for CoRoT, Kepler, Spitzer (Claret+, 2012)
J/A+A/552/A16 : Limb-darkening for CoRoT, Kepler, Spitzer. II. (Claret+, 2013)
J/A+A/551/A80 : WASP-80 photometric and radial velocity data (Triaud+, 2013)
J/A+A/562/A71 : Chem. abundances of solar neighbourhood dwarfs (Bensby+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)
J/ApJ/788/48 : X-ray through NIR photometry of NGC 2617 (Shappee+, 2014)
J/AJ/149/166 : Photometry and spectroscopy of HATS-6 (Hartman+, 2015)
J/A+A/618/A20 : Limb-darkening for TESS, Kepler, Corot, MOST (Claret, 2018)
J/AJ/157/43 : WASP-161b, WASP-163b and WASP-170b (Barkaoui+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/133 : Transit timing and light curves for K2-146 (Hamann+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/55 : RVs and light curves for HATS-60-HATS-69 (Hartman+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/141 : Differential phot. & RVs of HAT-P-69 & HAT-P-70 (Zhou+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/267 : Observations & radial velocity of HATS-71b (Bakos+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/173 : Phot. & RVs of 4 dwarfs hosting giant planets (Hartman+, 2020)
J/ApJS/247/66 : SUPERWIDE: wide binaries in Gaia & SUPERBLINK (Hartman+, 2020)
J/A+A/642/A121 : LHS1140 radial velocity data (Lillo-Box+, 2020)
J/AJ/162/292 : RV and transit photometry of TOI-1431 (Addison+, 2021)
J/A+A/650/A145 : TOI-269 b light curves (Cointepas+, 2021)
J/ApJS/254/39 : Exoplanet candidates from TESS first 2yr obs (Guerrero+, 2021)
J/ApJ/916/77 : K2 rotation per. for SDSS & Gaia M dwarfs (Popinchalk+, 2021)
J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia EDR3 photometric passbands (Riello+, 2021)
J/A+A/645/A100 : SPECULOOS. Ultracool dwarf transit survey (Sebastian+, 2021)
J/AJ/163/125 : Light curve & RV of 4 giants planets (Jordan+, 2022)
J/AJ/164/81 : RV and photometric flux of TOI-3757 (Kanodia+, 2022)
J/ApJS/259/33 : Faint-star TOIs from TESS Primary Mission (Kunimoto+, 2022)
J/ApJ/946/L4 : Follow-up LCs of the host star TOI-3235 (Hobson+, 2023)
J/AJ/165/120 : g and i'-band LC of TOI-5205 with SDSS (Kanodia+, 2023)
J/A+A/683/A166 : RV of TOI-4860 (Almenara+, 2024)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 12 A12 --- Name Star name (either TOI-762 or TIC-46432937)
14- 26 F13.5 d BJD [2458468/2460317] Barycentric Julian Date
Barycentric Dynamical Time (TBD) system
28- 35 F8.5 mag mag [-7.3e-2/9.8e-2] Apparent magnitude in Filt
(Mag) (1)
37- 43 F7.5 mag e_mag [1.1e-3/2.1e-2] Uncertainty in mag
(σMag)
45- 52 F8.5 mag magO [-6.2e-2/3.0]? Apparent magnitude without
corrections in Filter (Mag(orig)) (2)
54- 55 A2 --- Filt Filter used
57- 79 A23 --- Inst Instrument (3)
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Note (1): The out-of-transit level has been subtracted. For observations made
with TESS these magnitudes have been corrected for trends prior to
fitting the transit model. For observations made with follow-up
instruments, the magnitudes have been corrected for a quadratic
trend in time fit simultaneously with the transit.
Note (2): Raw magnitude values without correction for the quadratic trend in
time, or for trends correlated with the seeing. These are only
reported for the follow-up observations.
Note (3): Instruments as follows:
TESS = the Transit Exoplanet Survey Satellite, with Sec the
sector observed
LCO/SSO1m = the 1m telescope of the Las Cumbres Observatory Global
Telescope network at the Siding Spring Observatory,
Australia
ExTrA = the Exoplanets in Transits and their Atmospheres facility
at La Silla Observatory in Chile, with tel or T telling wich
0.6m telescope was used, and H, J, Y, Z the filter bands
SPECULOOS-South = the 1.0m telescopes in the Search for habitable Planets
EClipsing ULtra-cOOl Stars Southern observatory at
Paranal Observatory in Chile
TRAPPIST-South = the southern 0.6m TRAnsiting Planets and PlanetesImals Small
Telescope at La Silla Observatory in Chile
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Robin Leichtnam [CDS] 16-Jun-2025