J/AJ/168/225 Gaia DR3 parameters of YSOs in the Canis Major region (Dong+, 2024)
3D morphology and motions of the Canis Major region from Gaia DR3.
Dong Y., Xu Ye, Hao C., Li Y., Liu D., Sun Y., Lin Z.
<Astron. J., 168, 225 (2024)>
=2024AJ....168..225D 2024AJ....168..225D
ADC_Keywords: Positional data ; Molecular clouds ; YSOs ; Star Forming Region ;
Optical; Millimetric/submm sources
Keywords: Molecular clouds ; Young stellar objects ; Star forming regions
Abstract:
The Canis Major (CMa) region is known for its prominent arc-shaped
morphology, visible at multiple wavelengths. This study integrates
molecular gas data with high-precision astrometric parameters of young
stellar objects (YSOs) from Gaia DR3 to provide the first
three-dimensional (3D) insights into the dynamical evolution and star
formation history of the CMa region. By utilizing the average
distances and proper motions of the YSOs as proxies for those of the
molecular clouds (MCs), we confirm the presence of a slowly expanding
shell-like morphology in the CMa region, with an estimated radius of
47±11pc and expansion velocity of 1.6±0.7km/s. Further, the
dynamical evolution of the shell supports its expansion, with an
expansion timescale of ∼4.4Myr obtained by the traceback analysis
assuming constant velocities. Finally, a momentum estimate suggests
that at least two supernova explosions are needed to power the
observed expanding shell, reinforcing the previous hypothesis of
multiple supernova events. This study effectively combines CO data
with the astrometric data of YSOs from Gaia, offering significant
support for future studies of the 3D morphology and kinematics of MCs.
Description:
This study utilizes the 12CO, 13CO, and C18O (1-0) data from the
Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting (MWISP) project (J/ApJS/268/1),
observed from 2016 December to 2021 April with the Purple Mountain
Observatory (PMO) 13.7m millimeter-wavelength telescope in Delingha,
China.
A total of 1895 YSO records from nine references have been included in
the initial sample. Those came from Mallick+ 2012 (J/ApJ/759/48),
Rebull+ 2013 (J/AJ/145/15), Fischer+ 2016 (J/ApJ/827/96),
Santos-Silva+ 2018 (J/A+A/609/A127), Sewilo+ 2019 (J/ApJS/240/26),
Winston+ 2020 (2020AJ....160...68W 2020AJ....160...68W),
Gregorio-Hetem+ 2021 (J/A+A/654/A150), Zhang 2023 (2023ApJS..265...59Z 2023ApJS..265...59Z),
and Marton+ 2023 (J/A+A/674/A21). See Section 2.2.1 Table 2 for a
summary of the literature and the surveys used.
We choose 190 YSOs in Class II or earlier classes to investigate the
3D dynamics of Molecular Clouds in the Canis Major region. The selected
YSOs sample consists of:
- 6 Class I and 157 Class II sources, which are YSOs that are
typically still embedded in circumstellar material (envelopes
and/or disks)
- 2 Flat sources from Rebull+ 2013, with "flat" referring to YSOs
with the slopes of spectral energy distribution between Class I and
Class II, i.e., objects whose emissions arise from both disks and
envelopes.
- 23 Class I/II sources independently offered by Zhang 2023
- two CTT* sources from Marton+ 2023, with "CTT*" refering to
classical T Tauri objects, i.e., YSOs of solar-like spectral types
with accretion disks and features of emission line spectra.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 71 190 Gaia DR3 parameters of YSOs
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See also:
III/286 : APOGEE-2 DR17 final allStar catalog (Abdurro'uf+, 2022)
I/357 : Gaia DR3 Part 3. Non-single stars (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
VII/20 : Catalogue of HII Regions (Sharpless 1959)
J/PASJ/56/313 : 13CO survey of Mon & CMa molecular clouds (Kim+, 2004)
J/ApJ/759/48 : YSOs in the Galactic HII region Sh2-297 (Mallick+, 2012)
J/AJ/145/15 : Photometry of YSOs in BRC 27 and BRC 34 (Rebull+, 2013)
J/ApJS/212/1 : The WISE catalog of Galactic HII regions (Anderson+, 2014)
J/ApJ/827/96 : WISE census of YSOs in Canis Major (Fischer+, 2016)
J/A+A/589/A80 : APOGEE strings (Hacar+, 2016)
J/A+A/619/A106 : 3D shape of Orion A from Gaia DR2 (Grossschedl+, 2018)
J/A+A/609/A127 : X-ray sources in CMa OB1 (Santos-Silva+, 2018)
J/A+A/630/A90 : Halpha emission-line stars in Canis Major (Pettersson+, 2019)
J/ApJ/885/131 : ∼200 high-mass SFR plx & proper motion with VLBI (Reid+, 2019)
J/ApJS/240/26 : YSO candidates in Canis Major OB1 association (Sewilo+, 2019)
J/A+A/633/A147 : FQS. Galactic Plane CO survey (Benedettini+, 2020)
J/A+A/654/A144 : 13CO (1-0) data molecular cloud catalogue (Benedettini+, 2021)
J/A+A/654/A150 : Gas and young stars in CMa OB1 assoc. (Gregorio-Hetem+, 2021)
J/ApJS/252/20 : CO survey of the CMa OB1 complex (Lin+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/508/1033 : Stars groups in CMa OB 1 with Gaia DR2 (Santos-Silva+, 2021)
J/ApJS/268/1 : CO obs. of molecular clouds in 3rd Gal. quadrant (Dong+, 2023)
J/A+A/673/A114 : Improving the open cluster census. II. (Hunt+, 2023)
J/A+A/674/A21 : KYSO - The Konkoly Optical YSO catalogue (Marton+, 2023)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 19 I19 --- GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 source identifier
21- 30 F10.6 deg GLON [222/227] Galactic longitude (l)
32- 40 F9.6 deg GLAT [-2.8/-0.02] Galactic latitude (b)
42- 45 F4.2 mas plx [0.7/1.2] Parallax (ω)
47- 50 F4.2 mas e_plx [0.01/0.4] Uncertainty in plx
(σω)
52- 56 F5.2 mas/yr pmRA [-5/-2] Proper motion in right ascension,
pmRA*cos (DE) (µα*)
58- 61 F4.2 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.01/0.4] Uncertainty in pmRA*
(σµα*)
63- 66 F4.2 mas/yr pmDE [0.05/2.4] Proper motion in declination
(µδ)
68- 71 F4.2 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.01/0.4] Uncertainty in pmDE
(σµδ)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Robin Leichtnam [CDS] 26-Jun-2025