J/AJ/168/41 THYME. X. MELANGE-5 association cand. members (Thao+, 2024)
TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME).
X. A two-planet system in the 210Myr MELANGE-5 association.
Thao Pa C., Mann A.W., Barber M.G., Kraus A.L., Tofflemire B.M.,
Bush J.L., Wood M.L., Collins K.A., Vanderburg A., Quinn S.N., Zhou G.,
Newton E.R., Ziegler C., Law N., Barkaoui K., Pozuelos F.J.,
Timmermans M., Gillon M., Jehin E., Schwarz R.P., Gan T., Shporer A.,
Horne K., Sefako R., Suarez O., Mekarnia D., Guillot T., Abe L.,
Triaud A.H.M.J., Radford D.J., Lopez Murillo A.I., Ricker G.R., Winn J.N.,
Jenkins J.M., Bouma L.G., Fausnaugh M., Guerrero N.M., Kunimoto M.
<Astron. J., 168, 41 (2024)>
=2024AJ....168...41T 2024AJ....168...41T
ADC_Keywords: Associations, stellar; Radial velocities; Equivalent widths;
Spectra, optical; Photometry
Keywords: Exoplanet astronomy ; Transit photometry ; Stellar ages ;
Young star clusters ; Stellar activity ;
Transit timing variation method
Abstract:
Young (<500Myr) planets are critical to studying how planets form and
evolve. Among these young planetary systems, multiplanet
configurations are particularly useful, as they provide a means to
control for variables within a system. Here, we report the discovery
and characterization of a young planetary system, TOI-1224. We show
that the planet host resides within a young population we denote as
MELANGE-5. By employing a range of age-dating methods-isochrone
fitting, lithium abundance analysis, gyrochronology, and Gaia excess
variability-we estimate the age of MELANGE-5 to be 210±27Myr.
MELANGE-5 is situated in close proximity to previously identified
younger (80-110Myr) associations, Crius 221 and Theia
424/Volans-Carina, motivating further work to map out the group
boundaries. In addition to a planet candidate detected by the TESS
pipeline and alerted as a TESS object of interest, TOI-1224 b, we
identify a second planet, TOI-1224 c, using custom search tools
optimized for young stars (Notch and LOCoR). We find that the planets
are 2.10±0.09R⊕ and 2.88±0.10R⊕ and orbit their
host star every 4.18 and 17.95 days, respectively. With their bright
(K=9.1mag), small (R*=0.44R☉), and cool (Teff=3326K) host star,
these planets represent excellent candidates for atmospheric
characterization with JWST.
Description:
We obtained high-resolution (R∼53000) optical (3800-8600Å) spectra
of candidate association members of MELANGE-5 using the LCO Network of
Robotic Echelle Spectrographs (NRES). We prioritized targets with Gaia
DR3 G<9 to ensure SNR>20 around the 6707Å lithium line.
In total, we obtained spectra for five targets this way.
We downloaded spectra from the ESO science archive taken with the High
Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) fiber-fed echelle
spectrograph at the ESO La Silla 3.6m telescope. HARPS spectra cover a
spectral range of 3780-6910Å at high resolution (R∼115000).
Archival spectra were taken as early as 2014 and as late as 2020. We
required an SNR of at least 30 around the 6707Å Li line. In total,
we retrieved spectra for 15 candidate members of MELANGE-5.
See Section 3.2.
We also extract TESS light curves for candidate association members.
See Section 3.3.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 120 159 MELANGE-5 candidate members
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See also:
VII/233 : 2MASS All-Sky Extended Source Catalog (XSC) (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)
IV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
J/A+A/460/695 : Search for Assoc. Containing Young stars (Torres+, 2006)
J/ApJS/197/8 : Kepler's cand. multiple transiting planets (Lissauer+, 2011)
J/A+A/553/A49 : WASP-19b secondary eclipses (Abe+, 2013)
J/ApJ/779/188 : Spectra of nearby late K and M Kepler stars (Mann+, 2013)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/443/2561 : CONCH-SHELL catalog of nearby M dwarfs (Gaidos+, 2014)
J/ApJ/788/81 : BANYAN III. RVel & rotation of low-mass stars (Malo+, 2014)
J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)
J/AJ/152/114 : Pleiades members with K2 light curves. II. (Rebull+, 2016)
J/ApJ/834/17 : Mass & rad. of planets, moons, low mass stars (Chen+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/257 : Comoving stars in Gaia DR1 (Oh+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/224 : Planets in young clusters from K2 (Rizzuto+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/101 : Pleiades members stellar properties (Somers+, 2017)
J/ApJ/855/115 : Lithium abundances of KOIs from CKS spectra (Berger+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/173 : K2 light curve for K2-231 (Curtis+, 2018)
J/ApJ/862/138 : BANYAN. XIII. Nearby young assoc. with Gaia (Gagne+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/180 : A catalog of cool dwarf targets for TESS (Muirhead+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/102 : TESS Input Catalog & Candidate Target List (Stassun+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/235 : Speckle interferometry at SOAR in 2016-17 (Tokovinin+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/48 : California-Kepler Survey (CKS). V. (Weiss+, 2018)
J/ApJ/879/49 : Rot. periods for Gaia members of NGC 6811 (Curtis+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/77 : Members of the Pisces-Eridanus stream (Curtis+, 2019)
J/ApJ/879/100 : Rot. periods for Hyades & Praesepe members (Douglas+, 2019)
J/A+A/622/A110 : Spectroscopic membership for NGC 3532 (Fritzewski+, 2019)
J/ApJ/881/9 : EvryFlare. I. Cool stars's flares (Howard+, 2019)
J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf. II. Binaries (Mann+, 2019)
J/ApJ/904/140 : Ruprecht 147 members & rot. for 5 other cl. (Curtis+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/492/1008 : NGTS clusters survey - I. Rot. in Blanco 1 (Gillen+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/60 : Flares from stars in TESS sectors 1 & 2 (Gunther+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/279 : Untangling the Galaxy. II. Within 3kpc (Kounkel+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/57 : HST sp. LCs of Kepler 51b & 51d (Libby-Roberts+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/19 : SOAR TESS survey. I. (Ziegler+, 2020)
J/A+A/652/A60 : Rotation periods for NGC 3532 (Fritzewski+, 2021)
J/ApJS/254/39 : Exoplanet cand. from TESS first 2yr obs (Guerrero+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/277 : Sample of 45 HαEW outliers (Kiman+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/65 : THYME. IV. 3 Exoplanets around TOI-451 B (Newton+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/176 : The solar neighborhood. XLVIII. (Paredes+, 2021)
J/ApJ/921/167 : Rotators in Praesepe with LCs & Gaia EDR3 (Rampalli+, 2021)
J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia EDR3 photometric passbands (Riello+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/171 : THYME. V. A new stellar association (Tofflemire+, 2021)
J/AJ/164/88 : THYME. VIII. MELANGE-3 candidate members (Barber+, 2022)
J/AJ/164/215 : Candidate members of Cep-Her, RSG-5 and CH-2 (Bouma+, 2022)
J/AJ/163/121 : Radial velocity & light curve of Kepler 1627A (Bouma+, 2022)
J/A+A/664/A70 : Li depletion in stellar assoc. (Galindo-Guil+, 2022)
J/AJ/163/247 : HIRES, PEPSI & TRES RVels of V1298 Tau (Johnson+, 2022)
J/AJ/163/156 : THYME. VI. TOI-1227 radial velocity (Mann+, 2022)
J/A+A/657/L3 : Rot. periods of Group X candidate members (Messina+, 2022)
J/AJ/164/115 : Hunt for Young & Maturing Exoplanets. VII. (Newton+, 2022)
J/A+A/664/A156 : Young sub-Neptunes around TOI-2076 LCs (Osborn+, 2022)
J/A+A/666/A121 : Cluster target Giraffe HR15N RV precision (Randich+, 2022)
J/AJ/166/62 : New HIRES radial velocity data for V1298 Tau (Blunt+, 2023)
J/AJ/166/14 : Kinematic for alpha Persei candidate members (Boyle+, 2023)
J/AJ/166/175 : Pre- and main sequence stars properties (Fernandes+, 2023)
J/A+A/673/A114 : Improving the open cluster census. II. (Hunt+, 2023)
J/AJ/165/235 : HARPS-N & ESPRESSO radial velocity for K2-136 (Mayo+, 2023)
J/AJ/165/268 : RVel and rotation period of HIP 33069b (Vowell+, 2023)
J/AJ/165/85 : THYME. IX. MELANGE-4 association members (Wood+, 2023)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 19 I19 --- GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 identifier (source_id)
21- 30 I10 --- TIC [9210746/1989423078] TESS Input Catalog ID
32- 40 F9.5 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (ICRS) at Epoch=2016.0
42- 50 F9.5 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS) at Epoch=2016.0
52- 57 F6.2 km.s-1 RVel [-44/103]? Radial Velocity
59- 63 F5.2 km.s-1 e_RVel [0.1/39.1]? Uncertainty in RVel
65- 81 A17 --- r_RVel Source of RVel (1)
83- 87 F5.1 10-13m EWLi [-4/157]? Equivalent width, Li 6708Å,
in milli-Angstroms
89- 93 F5.2 10-13m e_EWLi [9.8/22]? Uncertainty in EWLi
95-104 A10 --- r_EWLi Source of EWLi (2)
114-118 F5.2 d Prot [0.1/21.1]? Rotational period
120-120 I1 --- q_Prot [0/3]? Rotational Period quality (3)
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Note (1): Sources of RVel as follows:
GaiaDR3 = Gaia DR3 (see I/355 ; 108 occurrences)
Malo2014a = Malo+ 2014, J/ApJ/788/81 (3 occurrences)
Note (2): Sources of EWLi data as follows:
HARPS = HARPS spectra from the ESO archive (15 occurrences)
NRES = LCO/NRES spectra obtained for this work (5 occurrences)
Torres2006 = Torres+ 2008hsf2.book..757T 2008hsf2.book..757T (2 occurrences)
Note (3): Rotational period quality, following Rampalli+ (2021, J/ApJ/921/167):
0 = obvious rotation (67 occurrences);
1 = questionable rotation (20 occurrences);
2 = spurious detection (26 occurrences);
3 = non-detection (12 occurrences).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Newton et al. Paper I. 2019ApJ...880L..17N 2019ApJ...880L..17N
Rizzuto et al. Paper II. 2020AJ....160...33R 2020AJ....160...33R
Mann et al. Paper III. 2020AJ....160..179M 2020AJ....160..179M
Newton et al. Paper IV. 2021AJ....161...65N 2021AJ....161...65N Cat. J/AJ/161/65
Tofflemire et al. Paper V. 2021AJ....161..171T 2021AJ....161..171T Cat. J/AJ/161/171
Mann et al. Paper VI. 2022AJ....163..156M 2022AJ....163..156M Cat. J/AJ/163/156
Newton et al. Paper VII. 2022AJ....164..115N 2022AJ....164..115N Cat. J/AJ/164/115
Barber et al. Paper VIII. 2022AJ....164...88B 2022AJ....164...88B Cat. J/AJ/164/88
Wood et al. Paper IX. 2023AJ....165...85W 2023AJ....165...85W Cat. J/AJ/165/85
Thao et al. Paper X. 2024AJ....168...41T 2024AJ....168...41T This catalog
Capistrant et al. Paper XI. 2024AJ....167...54C 2024AJ....167...54C
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 06-Sep-2024