J/AJ/170/212 Solar-like oscillators properties from Kepler DR25 (Sayeed+, 2025)
A homogeneous catalog of oscillating solar-type stars observed by the Kepler
mission and a new amplitude scaling relation including chromospheric activity.
Sayeed M., Huber D., Chontos A., Li Y.
<Astron. J., 170, 212 (2025)>
=2025AJ....170..212S 2025AJ....170..212S
ADC_Keywords: Asteroseismology; Exoplanets; Photometry; Effective temperatures;
Abundances, [Fe/H]; Spectra, optical; Models; Stars, activity
Keywords: Asteroseismology ; Fundamental parameters of stars ;
Stellar oscillations ; Photometry
Abstract:
We present a homogeneous catalog of global asteroseismic parameters
and derived stellar parameters for 765 Kepler main-sequence and
subgiant stars. The catalog was produced by reanalyzing all available
Kepler DR25 short-cadence data using pySYD, an automated pipeline to
extract global asteroseismic parameters. We find 50 new detections,
seven of which are also planet candidate host stars. We find excellent
agreement between our νmax and Δν measurements and
literature values, with an average offset of 0.2%±0.4% (σ=5%)
and 0.2%±0.7% (σ=2%), respectively. In addition, we derive
stellar radii and masses with an average precision of 2.7% and 10.4%,
respectively, and find a mean offset of 0.8%±0.2% (σ=6%)
between our radii derived with asteroseismology and those from Gaia
parallaxes. Using spectroscopic log(R'HK) activity measurements from
Keck/High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES), we derive an
amplitude scaling relation with an activity term for main-sequence and
subgiant stars, which successfully predicts amplitudes with a
precision of ∼8%-9%. Our work is the largest and most homogeneous
asteroseismic catalog of Kepler main-sequence and subgiant stars to
date, including a total of 101 stars hosting planet candidates and 451
stars with measured rotation periods.
Description:
To detect solar-like oscillations and measure global asteroseismic
parameters, we used pySYD, an open-source Python package
(Chontos+, 2022JOSS....7.3331C 2022JOSS....7.3331C), adapted from the IDL-based SYD
pipeline (Huber+, 2009CoAst.160...74H 2009CoAst.160...74H). We detected solar-like
oscillations in 765 Kepler stars observed in short cadence, where 50
stars are new detections and 715 are already known detections.
We started with the full list of Kepler stars observed in short cadence
from Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST), resulting in a total
of 5678 unique stars. We first removed stars with detected oscillations
in long-cadence data (Yu+2018, J/ApJS/236/42; 5391 remaining),
eclipsing binaries (Kirk+2016, J/AJ/151/68; 4810 remaining), and Delta
Scuti pulsators (Murphy+2019, J/MNRAS/485/2380), which are too hot to
show solar-like oscillations. For the remaining 4346 targets, we
flagged stars that were already reported in previous studies to keep
track of new detections in our sample.
We also performed a systematic search for oscillations in Kepler
exoplanet hosts. Of the total 3611 stars given an exoplanet
disposition of confirmed or candidate on the NASA Exoplanet Archive,
766 stars were observed in short cadence, of which eight targets were
removed since they are classified as Delta Scuti pulsators or already
detections in long-cadence data (Yu+2018, J/ApJS/236/42). In summary,
we reanalyzed Kepler DR25 (J/ApJS/229/30) data for 4346 stars, of
which 758 were confirmed or candidate exoplanet hosts.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 88 765 Global asteroseismic values and errors measured with
pySYD for 765 Kepler stars with detected
solar-like oscillations
table4.dat 75 765 Stellar properties of 765 solar-like oscillators in
our sample
table6.dat 82 127 Spectroscopic stellar parameters for 127 stars with
available spectra from HIRES
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)
VI/120 : High-resolution synthetic stellar library (Coelho+, 2005)
J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)
J/A+A/506/465 : Solar-like oscillations in red giants (Hekker+, 2009)
J/ApJ/725/875 : Chromospheric activity for CPS stars (Isaacson+, 2010)
J/A+A/531/A124 : Visibilities of stellar oscillation modes (Ballot+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/423/122 : Abundances of 93 solar-type Kepler targets (Bruntt+, 2012)
J/ApJ/771/40 : Main-sequence A, F, G, and K stars photometry (Boyajian+, 2013)
J/ApJ/767/127 : Asteroseismic solutions for 77 Kepler stars (Huber+, 2013)
J/ApJ/765/L41 : Asteroseismic classification of KIC objects (Stello+, 2013)
J/ApJ/783/123 : Surface gravity for 220 Kepler stars (Campante+, 2014)
J/ApJS/210/1 : Asteroseismic study of solar-type stars (Chaplin+, 2014)
J/A+A/572/A34 : Pulsating solar-like stars in Kepler (Garcia+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/2 : Revised stellar propert. of Q1-16 Kepler targets (Huber+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)
J/A+A/572/L5 : Evolution state of red giants from seismology (Mosser+, 2014)
J/ApJ/808/187 : Metallicities of KIC stars without planets (Buchhave+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/454/2863 : Teff against colours calibrations (Huang+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/452/2127 : Fundamental param. of Kepler stars (Silva Aguirre+, 2015)
J/AJ/151/68 : Kepler Mission. VII. Eclipsing binaries in DR3 (Kirk+, 2016)
J/ApJ/827/50 : Kepler faint red giants (Mathur+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/463/1297 : Asteroseismology of 1523 misclassif. red giants (Yu+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/158 : Final Kepler transiting planet search (DR25) (Twicken+, 2016)
J/A+A/601/A67 : Kepler solar-type stars modeling (Creevey+, 2017)
J/ApJ/835/25 : Calibrated solar S-index time series (Egeland+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/109 : California-Kepler Surv. (CKS). III. Planet radii (Fulton+, 2017)
J/ApJ/835/172 : Kepler asteroseismic LEGACY samp. I. Oscillations (Lund+, 2017)
J/ApJS/229/30 : Revised stellar propert. of Q1-17 Kepler targ. (Mathur+, 2017)
J/ApJS/233/23 : APOKASC cat. of KIC dwarfs and subgiants (Serenelli+, 2017)
J/ApJ/835/173 : Kepler asteroseismic LEGACY samp. II. (Silva Aguirre+, 2017)
J/A+A/616/A108 : Cool stars chromospheric activity cat. (Boro Saikia+, 2018)
J/ApJ/861/149 : Kepler Follow-up Obs. Program. II. Spectro. (Furlan+, 2018)
J/A+A/619/A73 : Solar Twins age-chromospheric activ. (Lorenzo-Oliveira+, 2018)
J/ApJS/239/32 : APOKASC-2 cat. of Kepler evolved stars (Pinsonneault+, 2018)
J/ApJS/236/42 : Asteroseismology of ∼16000 Kepler red giants (Yu+, 2018)
J/A+A/628/A106 : Radial velocity time series of EK Eridani (Bonanno+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/192 : Radial velocities & transit times for KOI 4 (Chontos+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/485/2380 : Gaia-derived luminos. of Kepler A/F stars (Murphy+, 2019)
J/AJ/160/108 : Gaia-Kepler stellar properties cat. II. Planets (Berger+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/280 : Gaia-Kepler stellar properties cat.I. KIC stars (Berger+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/495/2363 : Asteroseismology of 36 Kepler subgiants. I. (Li+, 2020)
J/A+A/646/A77 : Chromospheric activ. from AMBRE-HARPS (Gomes da Silva+, 2021)
J/other/NatAs/5.707 : Dwarf stars asteroseismic rotation rates (Hall+, 2021)
J/ApJ/919/131 : Oscillating red giants from the TESS QLP (Hon+, 2021)
J/ApJS/255/17 : Surface rot. & activ. for Kepler stars. II. (Santos+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/170 : The Swan: approach to derive surface gravity (Sayeed+, 2021)
J/A+A/668/A116 : S-index for 3130 red giant stars (Gehan+, 2022)
J/A+A/657/A31 : Solar-like oscillations in Kepler DR25 SC data (Mathur+, 2022)
J/MNRAS/510/3449 : KOI planets and KIC stars from Kepler DR25 (Bashi+, 2022)
J/A+A/669/A67 : Solar-like oscillators catalogue (Hatt+, 2023)
J/AJ/166/167 : 54 years S-index measur. for λ Ser (Metcalfe+, 2023)
J/A+A/683/A161 : Solar-like stars global oscillation propert. (Corsaro+, 2024)
J/A+A/686/A93 : RGs Chromospheric indices from LAMOST spect. (Gehan+, 2024)
J/ApJ/961/85 : The California-Kepler Survey. XI. Activity (Isaacson+, 2024)
J/ApJS/271/17 : Solar-like oscill. using TESS 2min cadence LCs (Zhou+, 2024)
J/A+A/689/A250 : Kepler DR25 transit & detec. prob. (Castro-Gonzale+, 2024)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 I8 --- KIC [1430163/12735580] Kepler Input Catalog
(V/133) identifier
10- 11 I2 --- Source [0/13] Original asteroseismic source flag
(1)
13 I1 --- Host [0/1] Planet host flag (2)
15- 21 F7.2 uHz lit-numax [118.2/3619]? Frequency of maximum power
from literature
23- 28 F6.2 uHz e_lit-numax [0.8/730.6]? Uncertainty in lit-numax
30- 35 F6.2 uHz lit-Dnu [9.5/178.7]? Large frequency separation
from literature
37- 41 F5.2 uHz e_lit-Dnu [0.01/12.3]? Uncertainty in lit-Dnu
43- 49 F7.2 uHz numax [116.1/4609]? PySYD derived frequency of
maximum power
51- 56 F6.2 uHz e_numax [0/784.6]? Uncertainty in numax
58- 63 F6.2 uHz Dnu [9.4/179.5]? PySYD derived large
frequency separation
65- 68 F4.2 uHz e_Dnu [0.01/4.4]? Uncertainty in Dnu
70- 75 F6.2 ppm2/uHz osc-amp [-11.7/351.9] PySYD derived oscillation
amplitude
77- 82 F6.2 ppm2/uHz Noise [0.2/260.3] PySYD derived white noise
84- 88 F5.2 --- HBR [0.3/71.9]? PySYD derived
height-to-background ratio
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Source as follows:
0 = New detection, this work; 50 occurrences
1 = Serenelli+2017 (J/ApJS/233/23); 396 occurrences
2 = Chaplin+2014 (2014ApJS..210....1C 2014ApJS..210....1C); 111 occurrences
3 = Mathur+2022 (J/A+A/657/A31); 94 occurrences
4 = Balona, 2020 (2020FrASS...7...85B 2020FrASS...7...85B); 11 occurrences
5 = Huber+2013 (J/ApJ/767/127); 70 occurrences
6 = Lundkvist+2016 (2016NatCo...711201L 2016NatCo...711201L); 25 occurrences
7 = Li+2020a (2020MNRAS.495.3441L 2020MNRAS.495.3441L); 1 occurrence
8 = Pinsonneault+2018 (J/ApJS/239/32); 1 occurrence
9 = Lund+2017 (J/ApJ/835/172); 2 occurrences
10 = Mosser+2014 (J/A+A/572/L5); 1 occurrence
11 = White+2012 (2012ApJ...751L..36W 2012ApJ...751L..36W); 1 occurrence
12 = Chontos+2019 (J/AJ/157/192); 1 occurrence
13 = Bhalotia+2024 (2024ApJ...970..166B 2024ApJ...970..166B); 1 occurrence
Note (2): Host flag as follows:
0 = Not a planet host (664 occurrences)
1 = Planet host (101 occurrences)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 I8 --- KIC [1430163/12735580] Kepler Input Catalog
(V/133) identifier
10- 14 F5.2 mag Kpmag [5.8/13.9] Kepler apparent magnitude
16- 21 F6.1 K Teff [4728/7120.1]? Effective temperature from
Berger+2020b (J/AJ/159/280)
23- 27 F5.1 K e_Teff [48.9/359]? Uncertainty in Teff
29- 32 F4.2 Rsun Rad [0.7/7.1]? Radius (1)
34- 37 F4.2 Rsun e_Rad [0.01/0.5]? Uncertainty in Rad
39- 42 F4.2 Msun Mass [0.5/3]? Mass (1)
44- 47 F4.2 Msun e_Mass [0.03/1.3]? Uncertainty in Mass
49- 53 F5.2 --- RUWE [0.7/45.5]? Gaia DR3 (I/355) re-normalized
unit weight-error
55- 59 F5.2 [-] [Fe/H] [-1/0.5]? Metallicity
61 I1 --- r_[Fe/H] [1/2]? Source flag on [Fe/H] (2)
63- 67 F5.2 d Per [0.5/94.2]? Period
69- 73 F5.2 d e_Per [0.01/16.3]? Uncertainty in Per
75 I1 --- r_Per [1/4]? Source flag on Period (3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Stellar mass and radius were derived with scaling relations
(Equations 6 & 7) using pySYD measurements.
Note (2): Reference as follows:
1 = Serenelli+2017 (J/ApJS/233/23); 410 occurrences
2 = Buchhave+2015 (J/ApJ/808/187); 154 occurrences
Note (3): Reference as follows:
1 = Santos+2021 (J/ApJS/255/17); 267 occurrences
2 = McQuillan+2014 (J/ApJS/211/24); 52 occurrences
3 = Garcia+2014 (J/A+A/572/A34); 95 occurrences
4 = Hall+2021 (J/other/NatAs/5.707); 37 occurrences
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 I8 --- KIC [1435467/12508433] Kepler Input Catalog
(V/133) identifier
10- 13 F4.2 --- SHK [0.1/0.19] The SHK activity index
15- 18 F4.2 mag B-V [0.44/0.91] The (B-V) color
20- 25 F6.1 K Teff [5029.4/6524.9] Specmatch effective
temperature
27- 31 F5.1 K e_Teff [100] Uncertainty in Teff
33- 37 F5.2 [-] [Fe/H] [-0.97/0.42] Metallicity
39- 42 F4.2 [-] e_[Fe/H] [0.06] Uncertainty in [Fe/H]
44- 47 F4.2 [cm/s2] logg [3.23/4.55] Log surface gravity
49- 51 F3.1 [cm/s2] e_logg [0.1] Uncertainty in logg
53- 57 F5.2 [-] logRHK [-5.6/-4.79] The log(R'HK) activity index
59- 62 F4.2 [-] e_logRHK [0.01/0.08] Uncertainty in logRHK
64- 67 F4.2 Rsun Rspec [1.02/3.66] Radius from Specmatch Teff
69- 72 F4.2 Msun Mspec [0.61/2.06] Mass from Specmatch Teff
74- 77 F4.2 Rsun Riso [1.02/3.7] Radius from isochrone based Teff
79- 82 F4.2 Msun Miso [0.63/2.17] Mass from isochrone based Teff
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
License: CC-BY-4.0
(End) PRepared by [AAS], Robin Leichtnam [CDS] 13-Jul-2026