J/AJ/77/486 Dwarf K and M stars in Southern hemisphere (Upgren+, 1972)
Dwarf K and M stars in the southern hemisphere.
Upgren A.R., Grossenbacher R., Penhallow W.S., Macconnell D.J., Frye R.L.
<Astron. J., 77, 486-499 (1972)>
=1972AJ.....77..486U 1972AJ.....77..486U
ADC_Keywords: Stars, dwarfs ; Stars, late-type ; Spectral types
Abstract:
In the course of the near-complete Michigan Spectral Survey of the
Southern sky, 624 dwarf stars of type K2V and later have been
identified. Many of these stars are previously unrecognized as nearby
late dwarfs. The plates used are the Curtis Schmidt 10° prism
plates taken for the HD reclassification project.
Description (by B. Skiff, 2011-Feb):
The published coordinates were relatively poor, and something like 15
percent of the entries contain errors large enough to render the stars
unrecoverable. Jack MacConnell, one of the co-authors, supplied me
with a working list of corrections compiled in 1983, and I have made
many more. A short list of corrections was published in the later long
paper by Bidelman & MacConnell (1973AJ.....78..687B 1973AJ.....78..687B, Table IIb).
In view of the renewed interest in nearby low-mass stars -- different
from the concerns of the early 1970s! -- it seemed well worth revising
the list. Several of the K dwarfs here are now known to have L- and
T-dwarf companions in addition to more ordinary M-dwarfs. The list was
contained in the Hipparcos input catalogue (Cat. I/196), and thus the
great majority have good coordinates and parallaxes already in SIMBAD
as a result of this. However, a number of stars had incorrect HD or
Durchmusterung names and other problems which led to the wrong star
being linked with these observations. I worked from the SIMBAD list,
and then checked every entry against various catalogues and SIMBAD
itself. Three stars were inexplicably omitted from SIMBAD, which are
restored here.
Despite having Hipparcos positions for most of the stars, I have
adopted instead either UCAC2 or Tycho-2 positions with the thought
that in principle the improved proper motions should yield more nearly
correct places for both epoch and equinox J2000. The source of the
position is shown for each entry by the letter-code following it
(in the 's' column). The only exceptions are for pairs that are not
resolved in the catalogues just mentioned, where 2MASS positions close
to epoch 2000 are given. Where the combined light of a pair is clearly
intended, I show the mid-point position rounded to 1" precision. The
few 'lost' stars are shown with 1' positions as given in the original
table, and also the comment "no candidates" in the remarks. I searched
for these at the common offsets appearing elsewhere in the list: ±1m
in RA, ±7', ±22', ±1 ° in Dec. These non-found stars are UGP
272, 278, 454, 475, 496, 531.
Double-star components are specified in the remarks. Several of the
double stars are "new" in the sense of being not present in SIMBAD or
the WDS, and are possibly unreported common-motion pairs. Separations
are given to 0".1 precision for those < 1", to 0".5 between 1 and 5",
and to 1" for wider pairs. A "close pair" is one where the components
are nearly equal and are unresolved in the astrometric catalogues;
most such pairs exhibit rapid orbital motion also have published
orbits of short period due to the proximity of the stars (to each
other and to us!). Although not new, some of the pairs are identified
separately for the first time, but appear as a single entry in SIMBAD.
I have added the suffix 'a' or 'b' to the SIMBAD name as necessary.
The succeeding several columns show HD, BD, CD, and CPD names. Many
of these names are missing or in error in the published list. I used
VizieR to assign the names after the revised positions had been
determined. Some care was taken to account for proper motion back to
the epoch of these various surveys in order to assign the correct
name.
The magnitudes are generally those shown in the SIMBAD header-listing.
Sometimes these are wrong due to misidentification or other errors
(such as in Eggen's tables). If two decimals are shown, the data are
usually from either the Mermilliod "mean UBV" catalogue (Cat. II/168)
or derived from Hipparcos/Tycho results. Single-decimals are data I
found from published photometry (often in the SIMBAD data-blocks but
not in the headers for the same star), or from sources such as ASAS-3.
Magnitudes for the doubles were adjusted to be either for the combined
light or of a single component as relevant.
The MK spectral types are as published by Upgren et al. Note that
these are not necessarily what's in the SIMBAD headers, which derive
from numerous unspecified sources. Often the match is very close or
identical when the source is this paper or the Houk Michigan
catalogues (based on the same plates, and indeed remarks in the paper
suggest Houk may have in fact classified a few stars). Apart from a
few giants sneaking in, the types appear to be of high quality.
The remarks are a mixed bag of comments. I give 'lg pm' when the
star has large proper motion (viz ≥0".15/year) according to the
astrometric catalogue source. This is mainly for my own use, though
there may be some interest in the nearby stars that have quite small
motion. I show SIMBAD IDs as relevant, i.e. when there are multiple
entries for the star under different aliases, coordinates etc. Because
of the poor source positions, there are a lot of them. Nearly every
star has an ID in the HD or one of the DM. If not, then I add the
Tycho identifier in the remarks. There are several IDs with the larger
list of K/M dwarfs by Stephenson (1986AJ.....91..144S 1986AJ.....91..144S, Cat. III/259).
N.B. the large number of IRAS and ROSAT (RX, 1RXS) identifications.
I was quite conservative in assigning these, so the IDs are certain.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
ugp.dat 159 624 Dwarf K and M stars, with astrometric connection
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See also:
III/10 : G5 and later stars in a North Galactic Pole Region (Upgren 1962)
III/12 : F5 and later stars in S.A. 28, 54, 106, 107
Byte-by-byte Description of file: ugp.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [UGP]
5- 7 I3 --- UGP [1,624] Number in table1 of paper
11- 12 I2 h RAh Right Ascension J2000 (hours)
14- 15 I2 min RAm Right Ascension J2000 (minutes)
17- 21 F5.2 s RAs Right Ascension J2000 (seconds)
23 A1 --- DE- Declination J2000 (sign)
24- 25 I2 deg DEd Declination J2000 (degrees)
27- 28 I2 arcmin DEm Declination J2000 (minutes)
30- 33 F4.1 arcsec DEs ? Declination J2000 (seconds)
35 A1 --- s [MTU] Source of position (1)
37- 42 I6 --- HD ? HD identification of star
44- 46 A3 --- BDz BD identification: zone
48- 51 I4 --- BDn ? BD identification; number in zone
53- 55 I3 --- CDz ? CD identification: zone
57- 61 I5 --- CDn ? CD identification; number in zone
63- 65 I3 --- CPz ? CPD identification: zone
67- 71 I5 --- CPn ? CPD identification; number in zone
73- 77 F5.2 mag Vmag Visual approximative magnitude
80- 85 A6 --- SpT MK spectral type
88-159 A72 --- Comment Notes and comments (from B. Skiff)
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Note (1): position sources (column 's'):
M = 2MASS (2006AJ....131.1163S 2006AJ....131.1163S, II/246)
T = Tycho-2 (2000A&A...357..367H 2000A&A...357..367H, I/259)
(or any of the HIP/TYC-based catalogues)
U = UCAC2 (2004AJ....127.3043Z 2004AJ....127.3043Z, I/289)
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History:
* 04-May-2007: first version prepared by Brian Skiff [Lowell Obs.]
* 06-Feb-2011: revisited by Brian Skiff [Lowell Obs.].
List matched against the WDS; about two dozen new M-dwarf companions
were found within a ∼1' radius of UGP stars.
(End) Brian Skiff [Lowell Obs.], Francois Ochsenbein [CDS] 16-Feb-2011