J/ApJ/763/127 Galaxy clusters discovered in the SPT survey (Reichardt+, 2013)
Galaxy clusters discovered via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in the first
720 square degrees of the South Pole Telescope survey.
Reichardt C.L., Stalder B., Bleem L.E., Montroy T.E., Aird K.A.,
Andersson K., Armstrong R., Ashby M.L.N., Bautz M., Bayliss M., Bazin G.,
Benson B.A., Brodwin M., Carlstrom J.E., Chang C.L., Cho H.M.,
Clocchiatti A., Crawford T.M., Crites A.T., de Haan T., Desai S.,
Dobbs M.A., Dudley J.P., Foley R.J., Forman W.R., George E.M.,
Gladders M.D., Gonzalez A.H., Halverson N.W., Harrington N.L., High F.W.,
Holder G.P., Holzapfel W.L., Hoover S., Hrubes J.D., Jones C., Joy M.,
Keisler R., Knox L., Lee A.T., Leitch E.M., Liu J., Lueker M.,
Luong-Van D., Mantz A., Marrone D.P., McDonald M., McMahon J.J., Mehl J.,
Meyer S.S., Mocanu L., Mohr J.J., Murray S.S., Natoli T., Padin S.,
Plagge T., Pryke C., Rest A., Ruel J., Ruhl J.E., Saliwanchik B.R.,
Saro A., Sayre J.T., Schaffer K.K., Shaw L., Shirokoff E., Song J.,
Spieler H.G., Staniszewski Z., Stark A.A., Story K., Stubbs C.W.,
Suhada R., van Engelen A., Vanderlinde K., Vieira J.D., Vikhlinin A.,
Williamson R., Zahn O., Zenteno A.
<Astrophys. J., 763, 127 (2013)>
=2013ApJ...763..127R 2013ApJ...763..127R
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, galaxy ; Redshifts ; X-ray sources ; Surveys
Cross identifications ; Millimetric/submm sources
Keywords: cosmic background radiation; cosmology: observations
galaxies: clusters:; large-scale structure of universe
Abstract:
We present a catalog of galaxy cluster candidates, selected through
their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect signature in the first 720deg2
of the South Pole Telescope (SPT) survey. This area was mapped with
the SPT in the 2008 and 2009 austral winters to a depth of
∼18µKCMB-arcmin at 150GHz; 550deg2 of it was also mapped to
∼44µKCMB-arcmin at 95GHz. Based on optical imaging of all 224
candidates and near-infrared imaging of the majority of candidates, we
have found optical and/or infrared counterparts for 158, which we then
classify as confirmed galaxy clusters. Of these 158 clusters, 135 were
first identified as clusters in SPT data, including 117 new
discoveries reported in this work. This catalog triples the number of
confirmed galaxy clusters discovered through the SZ effect. We report
photometrically derived (and in some cases spectroscopic) redshifts
for confirmed clusters and redshift lower limits for the remaining
candidates. The catalog extends to high redshift with a median
redshift of z=0.55 and maximum confirmed redshift of z=1.37.
Forty-five of the clusters have counterparts in the ROSAT bright or
faint source catalogs from which we estimate X-ray fluxes. Based on
simulations, we expect the catalog to be nearly 100% complete above
M500~5x1014M☉h-170 at z≳0.6. There are 121
candidates detected at signal-to-noise ratio greater than five, at
which the catalog purity is measured to be 95%.
Description:
The South Pole Telescope (SPT) is a 10m telescope designed to survey a
large area of the sky at millimeter wavelengths with arcminute angular
resolution. The cluster catalog presented in this paper is derived
from the first 720deg2 of the entire 2500deg2 survey. This area
was observed during the Austral winters of 2008 and 2009. For
cluster-finding, we use data from the SPT 95GHz and 150GHz frequency
bands.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 82 45 *ROSAT counterparts
table2.dat 77 30 *Clusters with matches in other catalogs
table6.dat 97 224 Galaxy clusters above 4.5σ in 720sq.deg.
observed by the South Pole Telescope (SPT)
refs.dat 100 22 References
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Note on table1.dat: Cluster candidates coincident with sources in the
ROSAT bright or faint source catalogs (Voges et al. 1999, Cat. IX/10;
2000, Cat. IX/29). We define a match if a candidate is within 5' of a
cluster candidate at z≤0.3 or within 2' of a candidate at z>0.3.
Note on table2.dat: Cluster candidates coincident with galaxy clusters
identified in other catalogs. We define a match if a candidate is within 5'
(2') of an identified cluster for clusters at z<0.3 (z>0.3 or unconfirmed).
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See also:
VIII/88 : Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue (Planck, 2011)
VIII/76 : Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI (Kalberla+ 2005)
IX/29 : ROSAT All-Sky Survey Faint Source Catalog (Voges+ 2000)
IX/10 : ROSAT All-Sky Bright Source Catalogue (1RXS) (Voges+ 1999)
VII/110 : Rich Clusters of Galaxies (Abell+ 1989)
VII/28 : Southern Groups and Clusters of Galaxies (Duus, Newell 1977)
J/ApJ/761/22 : NIR gal. cluster candidates in the SPT survey (Song+, 2012)
J/ApJ/742/48 : Blanco survey of BCS J2352-5452 lens (Buckley-Geer+, 2011)
J/A+A/534/A109 : MCXC Meta-Cat. X-ray galaxy Clusters (Piffaretti+, 2011)
J/ApJ/719/763 : Millimeter-wave sources in the SPT survey (Vieira+, 2010)
J/ApJ/716/530 : Mid-IR variability from the SDWFS (Kozlowski+, 2010)
J/ApJS/191/340 : Southern Cosmology Survey. II. (Menanteau+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/402/2403 : AT20G survey (Murphy+, 2010)
J/A+A/425/367 : REFLEX Galaxy Cluster Survey catalogue (Boehringer+, 2004)
J/ApJ/514/148 : ROSAT survey of bright galaxies clusters (De Grandi+, 1999)
J/MNRAS/289/263 : Galaxy clusters from the APM galaxy survey (Dalton+ 1997)
J/MNRAS/281/799 : XBACs, the sample (Ebeling+, 1996)
J/MNRAS/269/151 : APM cluster redshift survey (Dalton+, 1994)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 A6 --- --- [SPT-CL]
8- 17 A10 --- SPT-CL South Pole Telescope survey identifier
18 A1 --- n_SPT-CL [*] More results on SPT-CL (1)
20- 23 A4 --- --- [1RXS]
25- 40 A16 --- 1RXS ROSAT identifier (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
42- 44 I3 arcsec Offset [3/116] Offset between SPT and 1RXS
46- 51 F6.4 --- z [0.05/1.07] Redshift
53- 56 F4.2 --- e_z [0.02/0.04]? z uncertainty (2)
58- 63 F6.4 ct/s Cts [0.008/1.2] ROSAT X-ray count rate
65- 70 F6.4 ct/s e_Cts [0.003/0.09] Cts uncertainty
72- 77 F6.2 10-16W/m2 Fx [0.7/130.4] X-ray flux (10-13erg/cm2/s) (3)
79- 82 F4.2 10+37W Lx [0.2/7.6] X-ray luminosity (in 1044erg/s) (3)
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Note (1): Clusters marked with a "*" also have YX estimates from XMM or
Chandra presented by Andersson et al. (2011ApJ...738...48A 2011ApJ...738...48A) and Benson
et al. (2013ApJ...763..147B 2013ApJ...763..147B) [YX=Mgas*TX, product of gas mass
with X-ray temperature]. Note that SPT-CL J0311-6354 is coincident
with 1ES0310-64.0, but not a ROSAT source.
Note (2): We quote the cluster redshift used in this work (see Section 4).
We include error bars for red-sequence redshifts, but not
spectroscopic redshifts.
Note (3): For each source, we estimate the X-ray luminosity and flux based
on the measured redshift, position on the sky, and ROSAT X-ray photon
counts.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 A6 --- --- [SPT-CL]
8- 17 A10 --- SPT-CL South Pole Telescope survey cluster identifier
19- 37 A19 --- ID1 First identifier of cluster (1)
39 A1 --- r_ID1 First identifier reference (see refs.dat file)
41- 55 A15 --- Cat All catalogs with match (see refs.dat file)
57- 62 F6.4 --- z [0.05/1.07]? Redshift (2)
64- 67 F4.2 --- e_z [0.02/0.04]? z uncertainty (2)
68 A1 --- u_z [u] u: unconfirmed
70- 75 F6.4 --- zlit [0.05/1.07]? Redshift from literature (3)
77 A1 --- r_zlit Reference for zlit (see refs.dat file)
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Note (1): For each match, we report the name under which the cluster was
first reported and all catalogs which include the cluster. See Song et
al. 2012 (J/ApJ/761/22) for a discussion of physical association
versus random superposition for these matches.
Note (2): We quote the cluster redshift used in this work --either the
photometric redshift estimated in Song et al. 2012 (J/ApJ/761/22), or
a spectroscopic redshift obtained from follow-up observations or the
literature. We include error bars for red-sequence redshifts but not
spectroscopic redshifts.
Note (3): Error bars are not reported for literature redshifts; two (four)
significant digits are used if the literature redshift is photometric
(spectroscopic).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 A6 --- --- [SPT-CL]
7- 16 A10 --- SPT-CL South Pole Telescope cluster identifier (1)
17 A1 --- n_SPT-CL [*] Cluster used in cosmological analysis (2)
19- 26 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
28- 35 F8.4 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
37- 39 I3 10-6.arcmin2 YSZ [61/363] Integrated Sunyaev-Zel'dovich
Comptonization (3)
41- 42 I2 10-6.arcmin2 e_YSZ [18/54] Uncertainty in YSZ
44- 48 F5.2 --- S0.5 Significance at 0.5' cluster core angular radius
50- 54 F5.2 --- S1.5 Significance at 1.5' cluster core angular radius
56- 60 F5.2 --- S2.5 Significance at 2.5' cluster core angular radius
62- 66 F5.2 --- xi [4.5/22.1] Best detection significance ξ (4)
68- 71 F4.2 arcmin theta [0.25/3] Best cluster core angular radius θ
73 A1 --- l_z Limit flag on z
75- 80 F6.4 --- z [0.05/1.5] Redshift (5)
82- 85 F4.2 --- e_z [0.02/0.09]? Uncertainty in z (5)
87 A1 --- f_z [A] unconfirmed cluster (6)
89- 92 F4.2 --- M500 [1.9/8.4]? Mass estimate (7)
94- 97 F4.2 --- e_M500 [0.5/1.8]? Uncertainty in M500
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Note (1): A Galaxy cluster candidate selected above a significance of 4.5
in the first 720 degree2 of the SPT survey.
Note (2): 'x' indicates a galaxy cluster used in the cosmological analysis
(see Andersson et al. (2011ApJ...738...48A 2011ApJ...738...48A) and Benson et al.
(B11; 2013ApJ...763..147B 2013ApJ...763..147B) for a description of the X-ray data).
Note (3): The integrated YSZ is reported for a 1' aperture and
multiplied by 106 (Section 3.3).
Note (4): Maximized across all twelve matched filters.
Note (5): Spectroscopic redshifts are quoted without uncertainties.
Note (6): 'A' indicates an unconfirmed cluster candidate which is either
above the quoted redshift limit or a false detection.
Note (7): For each confirmed cluster marginalized over the ΛCDM
chain (Section 7.1.2). We define M500 as the mass within a sphere of
radius at which the density is 500 times the critical density.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 A1 --- Ref [A-V] Reference code
3- 21 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode
23- 41 A19 --- Aut Author's name(s)
43-100 A58 --- Comm Comment
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 05-Aug-2014