J/ApJ/775/55 Spitzer IR excesses in A-K stars (Ballering+, 2013)
A trend between cold debris disk temperature and stellar type: implications for
the formation and evolution of wide-orbit planets.
Ballering N.P., Rieke G.H., Su K.Y.L., Montiel E.
<Astrophys. J., 775, 55 (2013)>
=2013ApJ...775...55B 2013ApJ...775...55B
ADC_Keywords: Photometry, infrared ; Stars, ages ; Spectral types
Keywords: circumstellar matter; infrared: stars; interplanetary medium
Abstract:
Cold debris disks trace the limits of planet formation or migration in
the outer regions of planetary systems, and thus have the potential to
answer many of the outstanding questions in wide-orbit planet
formation and evolution. We characterized the infrared excess spectral
energy distributions of 174 cold debris disks around 546 main-sequence
stars observed by both the Spitzer Infrared Spectrograph and the
Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer. We found a trend between the
temperature of the inner edges of cold debris disks and the stellar
type of the stars they orbit. This argues against the importance of
strictly temperature-dependent processes (e.g., non-water ice lines)
in setting the dimensions of cold debris disks. Also, we found no
evidence that delayed stirring causes the trend. The trend may result
from outward planet migration that traces the extent of the primordial
protoplanetary disk, or it may result from planet formation that halts
at an orbital radius limited by the efficiency of core accretion.
Description:
We searched the Spitzer observers log for main-sequence stars that
were observed with the IRS Long Low (LL) module (both orders) in
staring mode and with MIPS at 24um and 70um, and we accumulated a
sample of 546 targets. The stellar properties of our target list are
summarized in Table 1. After reducing and analyzing the data, we
refined the sample as described in Section 2.5. This yielded 225 stars
with significant excess (of which 174 had cold components), which are
detailed in Table 2.
IRAC photometry (3.6um) was also used to model the stellar photosphere
SED (Section 2.4). These data were taken in Spitzer cycle 7 (PID
70076, PI: Su).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 157 546 Target properties
table2.dat 134 225 Photometry and IR excess properties
refs.dat 92 55 References
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See also:
III/159 : Ca II H and K Measurements Made at MWO (Duncan+ 1991)
J/ApJS/211/25 : Spitzer/IRS debris disk catalog. I. (Chen+, 2014)
J/AJ/148/3 : Debris disk candidates detected with AKARI/FIS (Liu+, 2014)
J/ApJ/773/168 : Submm fluxes of very low-mass stars and BDs (Mohanty+, 2013)
J/ApJ/768/25 : Spitzer & Herschel obs. of debris disks (Gaspar+, 2013)
J/A+A/552/A27 : Stellar activity and kinematics of FGK stars (Murgas+, 2013)
J/A+A/551/L8 : Chromospheric activity of field stars (Pace, 2013)
J/A+A/547/A106 : Li abundances in the FGK dwarfs (Mishenina+, 2012)
J/AJ/143/135 : Ages of A-K type stars in DEBRIS survey (Vican, 2012)
J/ApJ/750/98 : 24um obs. of AFGKM stars of 3 clusters (Urban+, 2012)
J/A+A/537/A147 : Optimizing exoplanet transit searches (Herrero+, 2012)
J/AZh/88/1217 : Solar-like activity of low-mass stars (Kasova+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/416/3108 : Membership of Sco OB2 moving group (Rizzuto+, 2011)
J/A+A/531/A8 : Activity indexes & velocities for 890 stars (Jenkins+, 2011)
J/AJ/141/11 : Spitzer obs. of planet-host stars (Dodson-Robinson+, 2011)
J/ApJ/725/875 : Chromospheric activity for CPS stars (Isaacson+, 2010)
J/A+A/520/A79 : FGK stars chromospheric activity (Martinez-Arnaiz+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/402/2369 : Kinematics of young associations/clusters (Tetzlaff+, 2010)
J/A+A/493/1099 : CaII HK emission in rotating stars (Schroeder+, 2009)
J/ApJS/179/451 : IR excesses for protoplanetary disks (Kenyon+, 2008)
J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)
J/A+A/483/903 : Mount Wilson index for F-K stars (Buccino+, 2008)
J/PASP/119/994 : MIPS 24um calibrators (Engelbracht+, 2007)
J/AJ/133/2524 : Spectra of young nearby stars (White+, 2007)
J/ApJ/660/1556 : Characterization of dusty debris disks (Rhee+, 2007)
J/ApJ/653/675 : Spitzer 24µm photometry of A dwarfs (Su+, 2006)
J/ApJ/636/1098 : Debris disks around solar-type stars (Bryden+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/372/163 : Activity indices for southern stars (Jenkins+, 2006)
J/AJ/132/161 : NStars project: The southern sample. I. (Gray+, 2006)
J/A+A/450/735 : Effective temperatures and radii of stars (Masana+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/360/1345 : F- and G-type stars in solar neighbourhood (Karatas+, 2005)
J/other/ARA+A/42.685 : Young stars near the Sun (Zuckerman+, 2004)
J/ApJS/152/261 : Chromospheric Ca II emission in nearby stars (Wright+, 2004)
J/A+A/417/651 : NEXXUS ROSAT survey of coronal X-ray (Schmitt+, 2004)
J/AJ/126/2048 : NStars project: the Northern Sample. I. (Gray+, 2003)
J/AJ/125/3311 : JHKL'M photometry of northern bright stars (Kidger+, 2003)
J/MNRAS/328/45 : Late-type stars members of young groups (Montes+, 2001)
J/A+A/377/911 : Age-metallicity relation (Feltzing+, 2001)
J/MNRAS/313/43 : OB association members in ACT+TRC Cat. (Hoogerwerf, 2000)
J/A+A/348/897 : Ages of main-sequence stars (Lachaume+, 1999)
J/MNRAS/298/332 : Chromospheric activity-age relation (Rocha-Pinto+ 1998)
J/A+A/329/943 : F + G solar neighbourhood stars new ages (Ng+ 1998)
J/A+AS/119/547 : IR photometry of ESO calibration stars (van der Bliek+ 1996)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [HIP]
4- 9 I6 --- HIP Hipparcos identifier
11- 12 A2 --- --- [HD]
13- 18 A6 --- HD HD identifier if any
20- 21 A2 --- --- [HR]
22- 25 I4 --- HR ? HR identifier
27- 40 A14 --- SpT MK spectral type
42- 46 F5.1 pc Dist [1.8/224.2] Distance
48- 52 F5.2 Gyr Age [0.01/10.5]? Age
54 I1 --- q_Age [0/3] Age quality, 3=best (1)
56- 86 A31 --- r_Age Reference(s) on Age (see refs.dat file)
88-144 A57 --- AOR Spitzer/IRS observation request identifier(s)
146-157 A12 --- Verdict Excess verdict: "Cold", "Warm", "Warm+Cold" or
"Not Included" (i.e. not in table2)
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Note (1): Ranging from 0 if no age could be determined to 3 if there were three
or more age measurements with good agreement.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 A3 --- --- [HIP]
4- 9 I6 --- HIP Hipparcos identifier
11- 15 F5.2 mag Vmag [2.1/10.2] The Hipparcos V band magnitude
17- 20 F4.2 mag Jmag [1.8/8.4] 2MASS J band magnitude
22- 25 F4.2 mag Hmag 2MASS H band magnitude
27- 30 F4.2 mag Ksmag [1.9/8.2] 2MASS Ks band magnitude
32- 39 A8 --- r_Phot Photometry reference(s) (see refs.dat file) (1)
41- 45 I5 K T* [3903/11388] Stellar temperature
47- 51 F5.2 Jy FIRAC [0.5/13.3]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um flux density
53- 56 F4.2 Jy e_FIRAC ? Uncertainty in FIRAC
58- 64 F7.2 mJy F24 [6/2918] Spitzer/MIPS 24um band flux density
66- 70 F5.2 mJy e_F24 Uncertainty in F24
72- 78 F7.2 mJy F70 [-85/5800] Spitzer/MIPS 70um band flux density
80- 85 F6.2 mJy e_F70 Uncertainty in F70
87- 92 F6.2 Jy.um2 RJ [2.4/688] Model photosphere amplitude (2)
94-102 F9.4 mJy Excess [-85.3/5796] Spitzer/MIPS 70µm excess
104-109 F6.2 mJy e_Excess [2/292] Uncertainty in Excess
111 A1 --- l_Tcold Limit flag on Tcold
112-114 I3 K Tcold [45/129]? Cold component temperature
116-118 I3 K Twarm [103/323]? Warm component temperature
120-126 F7.3 10-5 fcold [0.4/774]? Fractional excess of cold component
128-134 F7.3 10-5 fwarm [0.7/180]? Fractional excess of cold component
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Note (1): For heritage photometry used in addition to 2MASS.
Note (2): in a Rayleigh-Jeans relation Fν(λ)=RJ/λ2
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Ref Reference code
4- 22 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode
24- 45 A22 --- Auth Author's name(s)
47- 92 A46 --- Comm Comment
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 09-Mar-2015