J/ApJ/826/171 IR data of debris disk vs metallicity of stars (Gaspar+, 2016)
The correlation between metallicity and debris disk mass.
Gaspar A., Rieke G.H., Ballering N.
<Astrophys. J., 826, 171-171 (2016)>
=2016ApJ...826..171G 2016ApJ...826..171G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Abundances, [Fe/H] ; Stars, double and multiple ; Infrared sources
Keywords: circumstellar matter; infrared: stars; methods: numerical;
planetary systems
Abstract:
We find that the initial dust masses in planetary debris disks are
correlated with the metallicities of their central stars. We compiled
a large sample of systems, including Spitzer, the Herschel DUNES and
DEBRIS surveys, and WISE debris disk candidates. We also merged 33
metallicity catalogs to provide homogeneous [Fe/H] and σ[Fe/H]
values. We analyzed this merged sample, including 222 detected disks
(74 warm and 148 cold) around a total of 187 systems (some with
multiple components) and 440 disks with only upper limits (125 warm
and 315 cold) around a total of 360 systems. The disk dust masses at a
common early evolutionary point in time were determined using our
numerical disk evolutionary code, evolving a unique model for each of
the 662 disks backward to an age of 1Myr. We find that disk-bearing
stars seldom have metallicities less than [Fe/H]=-0.2 and that the
distribution of warm component masses lacks examples with large mass
around stars of low metallicity ([Fe/H]←0.085). Previous efforts to
find a correlation have been largely unsuccessful; the primary
improvements supporting our result are (1) basing the study on dust
masses, not just infrared excess detections; (2) including upper
limits on dust mass in a quantitative way; (3) accounting for the
evolution of debris disk excesses as systems age; (4) accounting fully
for the range of uncertainties in metallicity measurements; and
(5) having a statistically large enough sample.
Description:
To build the largest possible sample of debris disks, we merged data
from multiple sources (see section 2 for details). We separate the
final sample into two groups: warm and cold debris disks. Systems with
Spitzer 24um excesses or upper limits or with WISE W4 excesses are
included in the warm disk sample, while systems with Spitzer 70um
and/or Herschel 70/100um data (either excesses or upper limits) are
included in the cold disk sample.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 56 478 Properties and sources of the targets analyzed
in the study
table3.dat 93 20811 The combined metallicity catalog of 20811 sources
table4.dat 64 199 The observed and de-aged parameters of the
warm disk sources at t=1Myr and at the actual ages
table5.dat 98 463 The observed and de-aged parameters of the
cold disk sources at t=1Myr and at the actual ages
refs.dat 130 33 References for table 3
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See also:
V/136 : Teff and metallicities for Tycho-2 stars (Ammons+, 2006)
J/A+A/579/A20 : Circumstellar debris discs (Maldonado+, 2015)
J/ApJ/801/143 : Extrasolar Kuiper belts from Herschel (Moro-Martin+, 2015)
J/ApJ/785/33 : Spitzer/MIPS obs. of F4-K2 stars (Sierchio+, 2014)
J/ApJS/212/10 : WISE IR excesses for stars within 75pc (Patel+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/25 : Spitzer/IRS debris disk catalog. I. (Chen+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/437/391 : IR excess in Sun-like stars with WISE (Cruz-Saenz+, 2014)
J/ApJS/208/29 : HIP stars with 22µm excess (Wu+, 2013)
J/ApJ/775/55 : Spitzer IR excesses in A-K stars (Ballering+, 2013)
J/A+A/555/A11 : DUNES survey observational results (Eiroa+, 2013)
J/ApJ/768/25 : Spitzer and Herschel obs. of debris disks (Gaspar+, 2013)
J/A+A/541/A40 : Metallicity of solar-type stars (Maldonado+, 2012)
J/A+A/538/A143 : Atmospheric parameters of stars for UV models (Koleva+, 2012)
J/A+A/533/A141 : Stellar parameters for 582 HARPS FGK stars (Sousa+, 2011)
J/A+A/530/A138 : Geneva-Copenhagen survey re-analysis (Casagrande+, 2011)
J/A+A/526/A99 : Metal-poor solar-type stars spectrosc. & masses (Sousa+, 2011)
J/A+A/525/A90 : Thick disc vertical properties (Katz+, 2011)
J/A+A/525/A71 : Atmospheric parameters for 1273 stars (Wu+, 2011)
J/A+A/523/A71 : A and F stars abundances in the Hyades (Gebran+, 2010)
J/ApJ/704/975 : Rotational velocities for M dwarfs (Jenkins+, 2009)
J/A+A/504/829 : Spectroscopic survey of youngest field stars (Guillout+, 2009)
J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)
J/A+A/487/373 : Spectroscopic parameters of 451 HARPS-GTO stars (Sousa+, 2008)
J/A+A/485/571 : Metallicities + activities of southern stars (Jenkins+, 2008)
J/ApJS/169/430 : Atmospheric param. of 1907 metal-rich stars (Robinson+, 2007)
J/ApJ/653/675 : Spitzer 24µm photometry of A dwarfs (Su+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/370/163 : Abundance distribution of stars with planets (Bond+, 2006)
J/AJ/132/161 : NStars project: The southern sample. I. (Gray+, 2006)
J/ApJ/636/1098 : Debris disks around solar-type stars (Bryden+, 2006)
J/ApJS/161/444 : [Fe/H] & Teff for luminosity class IV-V stars (Taylor+, 2005)
J/ApJS/159/141 : Spectroscopic properties of cool stars. I. (Valenti+, 2005)
J/ApJ/622/1102 : The planet-metallicity correlation. (Fischer+, 2005)
J/PASJ/57/27 : Atmospheric parameters of nearby F-K stars (Takeda+, 2005)
J/AJ/129/1063 : Abundances of stars within 15pc of the Sun (Luck+, 2005)
J/AJ/126/2048 : NStars project: the Northern Sample. I. (Gray+, 2003)
J/A+A/398/1121 : Abundances of A-F stars (Erspamer+, 2003)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 A3 --- --- [HIP]
4- 9 I6 --- HIP [490/120005]? Hipparcos identifier
11- 12 A2 --- --- [HD]
13- 18 I6 --- HD ? HD identifier
20- 27 A8 --- Cat Disk catalog identifier(s) (1)
29- 33 F5.1 pc Dist [2.6/207] Distance
35- 38 F4.2 Msun M* [0.2/4] Stellar mass
40- 45 F6.2 Lsun L* [0.01/215] Stellar luminosity
47- 50 F4.2 Rsun R* [0.2/6.4] Stellar radius
52- 56 F5.3 Gyr Age [0.007/5] Stellar age
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Note (1): Identifier as follows:
DU = DUNES;
DE = DEBRIS, K. Su et al. (2006, J/ApJ/653/675);
NB = N. Ballering et al. (2013, J/ApJ/775/55);
JS = J. Sierchio et al. (2014, J/ApJ/785/33);
WI = WISE.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 A3 --- --- [HIP]
4- 9 I6 --- HIP [4/120082]? Hipparcos identifier
11- 32 A22 --- HD HD identifier(s)
34- 56 A23 --- Name Simbad identifier
58- 62 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H] [-2.7/1.7] Metallicity
64- 67 F4.2 [Sun] e_[Fe/H] [0.01/2.1] The 1σ uncertainty in [Fe/H]
69- 93 A25 --- Ref Reference(s) (see refs.dat file)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 A3 --- --- [HIP]
4- 9 I6 --- HIP [490/120005]? Hipparcos identifier
11- 12 A2 --- --- [HD]
13- 18 I6 --- HD ? HD identifier
20- 25 F6.2 K Tw [102/323] Warm disk effective temperature
27- 31 F5.2 AU Rw [0.5/32] Warm disk radius
33- 39 F7.1 mJy Fw [9/26238] Warm disk flux at actual age (1)
41- 48 F8.1 mJy Fw1 [22/157755] Warm disk flux at 1Myr (1)
50- 55 F6.3 [Mgeo] logMd [-7.3/-2.9] Log dust mass at actual age (2)
57- 62 F6.3 [Mgeo] logMd1 [-6.5/-1.9] Log dust mass at 1Myr (2)
64 A1 --- Type [SUW] Detection type (3)
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Note (1): The fluxes displayed are for the disks only (photosphere subtracted)
and calculated for the system being at 10pc to allow for comparison.
Note (2): Dust masses are calculated for particles ranging in size from the
blowout limit to 1mm in radius. Units are in Earth masses.
Note (3): Detection type as follows:
W = 22 micron WISE detection;
S = 24 micron Spitzer detection;
U = 24 micron Spitzer Upper limit.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 A3 --- --- [HIP]
4- 9 I6 --- HIP [490/120005]? Hipparcos identifier
11- 12 A2 --- --- [HD]
13- 18 I6 --- HD ? HD identifier
20- 25 F6.2 K Tc [20.5/129] Cold disk effective temperature
27- 32 F6.2 AU Rc [2/290] Cold disk radius
34- 43 F10.3 mJy F70 [1.7/315487]? Disk flux at actual age and
70 micron observations (1)
45- 55 F11.3 mJy F70-1 [6/2462560]? Warm disk flux at 1Myr and
70 micron observations (1)
57- 64 F8.3 mJy F100 [0.6/6750]? Disk flux at actual age
100 micron observations (1)
66- 75 F10.3 mJy F100-1 [1.4/459909]? Disk flux at 1Myr and
100 micron observations (1)
77- 82 F6.3 [Mgeo] logMd [-6.1/-1.2] Log dust mass at actual age (2)
84- 89 F6.3 [Mgeo] logMd1 [-5.8/0.04] Log dust mass at 1Myr (2)
91- 98 A8 --- Type Detection type (3)
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Note (1): The fluxes displayed are for the disks only (photosphere subtracted)
and calculated for the system being at 10pc to allow for comparison.
Note (2): Dust masses are calculated for particles ranging in size from the
blowout limit to 1mm in radius. Units are in Earth masses. Where
dust masses could be calculated from both 70 and 100 microns
observations, the dust masses were averaged.
Note (3): Detection type as follows:
70D = Detection at 70 microns;
100D = Detection at 100 microns;
70U = Upper limit at 70 microns;
100U = Upper limit at 100 microns.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Ref Reference code
4- 22 A19 --- BibCode ADS/SIMBAD bibcode of the reference
24- 40 A17 --- Aut First author's name(s)
42-130 A89 --- Comm Comment
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 27-Oct-2016