J/ApJ/868/47 The 1st year of the Swift SMC Survey (S-CUBED) (Kennea+, 2018)
The first year of S-CUBED: the Swift Small Magellanic Cloud Survey.
Kennea J.A., Coe M.J., Evans P.A., Waters J., Jasko R.E.
<Astrophys. J., 868, 47 (2018)>
=2018ApJ...868...47K 2018ApJ...868...47K
ADC_Keywords: X-ray sources; Cross identifications; Surveys; Magellanic Clouds
Mission_Name: Swift
Keywords: catalogs ; surveys ; X-rays: binaries
Abstract:
The Swift Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) Survey, S-CUBED, is a
high-cadence shallow X-ray survey of the SMC. The survey consists of
142 tiled pointings covering the optical extent of the SMC, which is
performed weekly by NASA's Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, with an
exposure per tile of 60s. The survey is focused on discovery and
monitoring of X-ray outbursts from the large known and unknown
population of Be/X-ray binaries (BeXRBs) in the SMC. Given the very
low background of Swift's X-ray telescope, even with a short exposure
per tile, S-CUBED is typically sensitive to outbursts in the SMC at
>1%-2% Eddington luminosity for a typical 1.4M☉ neutron star
compact object. This sensitivity, combined with the high cadence and
the fact that the survey can be performed all year round, makes it a
powerful discovery tool for outbursting accreting X-ray pulsars in the
SMC. In this paper we describe results from the first year of
observations of S-CUBED, which includes the 1SCUBEDX catalog of 265
X-ray sources, 160 of which are not identified with any previously
cataloged X-ray source. We report on bulk properties of sources in the
1SCUBEDX catalog. Finally, we focus on results of S-CUBED observations
of several interesting sources, which includes discovery of three
Type II outbursts from BeXRBs and the detection of Type I outbursts
and orbital periods in six BeXRB systems.
Description:
The Swift Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) Survey (S-CUBED) X-ray
observations were performed with the aim of observing 142 tiles
covering the SMC every week, with an individual exposure per tile of
60s, to a total of 8.52ks, not including slewing overheads.
In the first year (spanning 2016 June 8 to 2017 June 6), S-CUBED
observations were performed on 43 out of 52 weeks. Missing weeks are
typically caused by the SMC being pole constrained, or by the
observations being not scheduled as a result of higher-priority
observations.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 163 265 *Catalog of X-ray sources detected in
the first year of S-CUBED observations
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Note on table2.dat: Only sources that have been flagged as "Good" quality
detections are listed in this table.
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See also:
B/swift : Swift Master Catalog (HEASARC, 2004-)
IX/10 : ROSAT All-Sky Bright Source Catalogue (1RXS) (Voges+ 1999)
II/236 : UBVR CCD survey of the Magellanic clouds (Massey+, 2002)
II/288 : IRSF Magellanic Clouds Point Source Catalog (Kato+ 2007)
VII/258 : Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei (13th Ed.) (Veron+ 2010)
J/A+AS/102/451 : Emission-line stars and PNe in the SMC (Meyssonnier+ 1993)
J/A+AS/142/41 : SMC X-ray sources ROSAT PSPC catalogue (Haberl+, 2000)
J/MNRAS/353/601 : 2dF survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud (Evans+, 2004)
J/AJ/127/1531 : Star formation history of SMC (Harris+, 2004)
J/MNRAS/383/330 : Chandra Small Magellanic Cloud Wing Survey (McGowan+, 2008)
J/ApJ/697/1695 : The Chandra survey of the SMC "Bar". II. (Antoniou+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/397/1177 : Swift-XRT observations of GRBs (Evans+, 2009)
J/ApJS/194/22 : Magellanic QSOs Survey: QSOs behind SMC (Kozlowski+, 2011)
J/ApJ/746/27 : MQS. II. AGNs behind LMC (Kozlowski+, 2012)
J/A+A/545/A128 : SMC XMM-Newton images (Haberl+, 2012)
J/A+A/549/A29 : Quasars behind the Magellanic system (Cioni+, 2013)
J/ApJ/775/92 : MQS III: AGNs behind LMC and SMC (Kozlowski+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/14 : The Swift/BAT hard X-ray transient monitor (Krimm+, 2013)
J/A+A/558/A3 : XMM-Newton point-source catalogue of the SMC (Sturm+, 2013)
J/ApJS/221/12 : AGNs in the MIR using AllWISE data (Secrest+, 2015)
J/A+A/586/A81 : High-mass X-ray binaries in the SMC (Haberl+, 2016)
J/A+A/622/A29 : SMC AGN in XMM-Newton (Maitra+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 A2 --- --- [SC]
3- 5 I3 --- Seq [1/817] Internal number
7- 22 A16 --- 1SCUBEDX 1SCUBEDX name (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
24- 25 I2 h RAh [0/1] Hour of right ascension (J2000)
27- 28 I2 min RAm Minute of right ascension (J2000)
30- 34 F5.2 s RAs Second of right ascension (J2000)
36 A1 --- DE- [-] Sign of declination (J2000)
37- 38 I2 deg DEd [71/74] Degree of declination (J2000)
40- 41 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of declination (J2000)
43- 46 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of declination (J2000)
48- 51 F4.1 arcsec ePos [2/16] Positional uncertainty
52 A1 --- f_ePos [*] *: Flag on ePos (1)
54- 58 F5.1 % Det [0/100] Percentage of detection in all
observations
60- 66 E7.2 mW/m2 F0.5-10 [1.4e-14/6.3e-10] 0.5-10keV flux;
in units of erg/s/cm2
68- 74 E7.2 mW/m2 e_F0.5-10 [0/1e-11] F0.5-10 negative uncertainty
76- 82 E7.2 mW/m2 E_F0.5-10 [0/1e-11] F0.5-10 positive uncertainty
84- 88 F5.2 --- Gamma [-0.03/18]? Fitted photon index, Γ,
assuming a standard SMC absorption
90- 94 F5.2 --- e_Gamma [0.03/21]? Gamma negative uncertainty
96-100 F5.2 --- E_Gamma [0.05/83]? Gamma positive uncertainty
102-125 A24 --- XID Other name for known X-ray sources
127 A1 --- Known? Previously identified X-ray emitter:
K=known (105 occurrences) or U=unknown
129-142 A14 --- Type Source type for known X-ray sources (2)
144-151 A8 --- Ref Reference(s) (3)
153-163 A11 "Y/M/D" Date UT date of the first detection for the
sources of interest;
column added by CDS from Table 5 (4)
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Note (1):
* = Position is enhanced utilizing UVOT to correct for systematic errors
in astrometry using the method of Goad+ (2007A&A...476.1401G 2007A&A...476.1401G).
Note (2): Type as follows:
BeXRB = Be/X-ray binaries (37 occurrences);
HMXB = high-mass X-ray binaries 6 occurrences);
AGN = active galactic nuclei (16 occurrences);
SNR = supernova remnant (3 occurrences);
Magentar = 1 occurrence;
FG star = 2 occurrences;
Star = 1 occurrence;
Symbiotic Star = 1 occurrence.
Note (3): References for known X-ray sources as follows:
1 = Coe & Kirk 2015MNRAS.452..969C 2015MNRAS.452..969C
2 = Haberl & Sturm 2016, J/A+A/586/A81
3 = Azzopardi & Vigneau 1979A&AS...35..353A 1979A&AS...35..353A
4 = Meyssonnier & Azzopardi 1993, J/A+AS/102/451
5 = Massey 2002, II/236
6 = Kozlowski et al. 2011, J/ApJS/194/22
7 = Kozlowski et al. 2012, J/ApJ/746/27
8 = Kozlowski et al. 2013, J/ApJ/775/92
9 = Veron-Cetty & Veron 2010, VII/258
10 = Cioni et al. 2013, J/A+A/549/A29
11 = McGowan et al. 2008, J/MNRAS/383/330
12 = Sturm et al. 2013, J/A+A/558/A3
Note (4): In this case interesting sources are defined as those that are
frequently (>20% of observations) detected or highly variable (χ2>2)
and detected in >10% of observations).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 22-Oct-2019