J/ApJ/892/18 X-ray & MIR luminosities of the GBT galaxies (Kuo+, 2020)
A more efficient search for H2O megamaser galaxies: the power of X-ray and
mid-infrared photometry.
Kuo C.Y., Hsiang J.Y., Chung H.H., Constantin A., Chang Y.-Y., da Cunha E.,
Pesce D., Chien W.T., Chen B.Y., Braatz J.A., Zaw I., Matsushita S.,
Lin J.C.
<Astrophys. J., 892, 18-18 (2020)>
=2020ApJ...892...18K 2020ApJ...892...18K (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Active gal. nuclei; Masers; X-ray sources; Radio sources;
Infrared; Redshifts
Keywords: Megamasers; Astrophysical masers; Active galactic nuclei
Active galaxies; X-ray active galactic nuclei; X-ray surveys; Surveys
Broad band photometry; Infrared photometry
Abstract:
We present an investigation of the dependence of H2O maser detection
rates and properties on the mid-IR active galactic nucleus (AGN)
luminosity, LAGN, and the obscuring column density, NH, based on
mid-IR and hard X-ray photometry. Based on spectral energy
distribution fitting that allows for decomposition of the black hole
accretion and star formation components in the mid-infrared, we show
that the megamaser (disk maser) detection rate increases sharply for
galaxies with 12µm AGN luminosity L12umAGN greater than
1042erg/s, from ≲3% (≲2%) to ∼12% (∼5%). By using the ratio of the
observed X-ray to mid-IR AGN luminosity as an indicator of NH, we
also find that megamaser (disk maser) detection rates are boosted to
15% (7%) and 20% (9%) for galaxies with NH≥1023/cm2 and
NH≥1024cm-2, respectively. Combining these column density cuts
with a constraint for high L12umAGN (≥1042erg/s) predicts
further increases in the megamaser (disk maser) detection rates to 19%
(8%) and 27% (14%), revealing unprecedented potential increases of the
megamaser and disk maser detection rates by a factor of 7-15 relative
to the current rates, depending on the chosen sample selection
criteria. A noteworthy aspect of these new predictions is that the
completeness rates are only compromised mildly, with the rates
remaining at the level of ∼95% (∼50%) for sources with
NH≥1023/cm2 (NH≥1024/cm2). Applying these selection
methods to current X-ray AGN surveys predicts the detection of ≳15
new megamaser disks.
Description:
The galaxies we study in this paper are drawn from the Green Bank
Telescope (GBT) sample studied by Kuo+ (2018ApJ...860..169K 2018ApJ...860..169K). This
sample contains 4836 galaxies for water maser emission at 22GHz with
the GBT prior to 2016 September.
To obtain literature values for the observed 2-10keV X-ray
luminosities L_2-10obs for galaxies in the GBT sample, we prioritize
those X-ray surveys which provide X-ray properties based on X-ray
spectral fitting. See Section 2.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 87 642 Basic properties of the GBT X-ray sample
table3.dat 103 642 X-ray properties of the GBT X-ray sample
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See also:
B/xmm : XMM-Newton Obs. Log (XMM-Newton Science Operation Center, 2012)
B/chandra : The Chandra Archive Log (CXC, 1999-2014)
VII/221 : PSCz catalog (Saunders+, 2000)
VII/250 : The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey (2dFGRS) (2dFGRS Team, 1998-2003)
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
VII/259 : 6dF galaxy survey final redshift release (Jones+, 2009)
V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam+, 2015)
IX/55 : XMM-Newton Serendipitous Source Catalogue 3XMM-DR8 (XMM-SSC, 2018)
II/357 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 1 (Abbott+, 2018)
J/ApJS/99/391 : The CfA redshift survey: NGP +36 zone. (Huchra+ 1995)
J/ApJS/112/315 : Spectroscopic parameters of Seyfert nuclei (Ho+ 1997)
J/ApJS/121/287 : The CfA2S catalog (Huchra+, 1999)
J/ApJS/121/473 : A diagnostic diagram for Seyfert 2 Galaxies (Bassani+, 1999)
J/PASP/111/438 : Updated Zwicky catalog (UZC) (Falco+, 1999)
J/A+A/418/465 : Mid-infrared and hard X-ray emission in AGN (Lutz+, 2004)
J/ApJS/164/81 : Spectrophotometry of nearby galaxies (Moustakas+, 2006)
J/ApJS/166/470 : SDSS-Spitzer type I QSOs IR photometry (Richards+, 2006)
J/ApJ/663/81 : SED of hard X-ray selected AGN in XMDS (Polletta+, 2007)
J/ApJ/693/1713 : Spectroscopy of X-ray sources in ECDF-S (Treister+, 2009)
J/ApJ/705/1336 : X-ray measurements of ChaMP-SDSS galaxies (Constantin+, 2009)
J/ApJ/727/20 : The Megamaser Cosmology Project (MCP). III. (Kuo+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/414/3084 : Multi-waveband analysis of 12um galaxies (Brightman+, 2011)
J/ApJS/199/26 : The 2MASS Redshift Survey (2MRS) (Huchra+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/426/1750 : INTEGRAL/IBIS AGN catalogue (Malizia+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/435/2835 : Morphological types from Galaxy Zoo 2 (Willett+, 2013)
J/A+A/561/A67 : Spectra of 75 Swift/BAT optical counterparts (Parisi, 2014)
J/MNRAS/439/1648 : Subarcsecond mid-infrared atlas of local AGN (Asmus+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/449/1422 : 2XMM AGN X-ray and mid-IR luminosities (Mateos+, 2015)
J/ApJ/806/110 : ALESS survey: SMGs in the ECDF-S data (da Cunha+, 2015)
J/ApJS/219/8 : SFR for WISE + SDSS spectroscopic galaxies (Chang+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/454/766 : Mid-infrared-X-ray correlation for local AGNs (Asmus+, 2015)
J/ApJ/817/128 : Megamaser Cosmology Project. VIII. NGC5765B (Gao+, 2016)
J/ApJ/822/109 : MIR view of polar dust emission in local AGNs (Asmus+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/460/19 : Update of INTEGRAL/IBIS AGN catalogue (Malizia+, 2016)
J/ApJ/826/L32 : Black hole masses in megamaser disk galaxies (Greene+, 2016)
J/ApJ/834/52 : The Megamaser Cosmology Project (MCP). IX. (Gao+, 2017)
J/ApJ/835/223 : A catalog of nearby galaxies with Chandra obs. (She+, 2017)
J/ApJ/836/99 : NuSTAR serendipitous survey: 40-month cat. (Lansbury+, 2017)
J/ApJ/850/74 : Swift/BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey. I. (Koss+, 2017)
J/ApJS/233/17 : Swift/BAT AGN spectroscopic survey. V. X-ray (Ricci+, 2017)
J/ApJ/854/124 : The Megamaser Cosmology Project. X. (Zhao+, 2018)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 26 A26 --- Name Galaxy name
28- 36 F9.5 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (J2000)
38- 46 F9.5 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
48- 55 F8.5 --- z [-0.001/0.16] Redshift
57- 62 F6.2 Mpc Dist [0.39/718] Luminosity distance
64- 64 I1 --- Type [0/3]? Maser type (1)
66- 70 F5.2 [10-7W] logL12um [37/45.4] Log of best-fit 12um AGN
luminosity, in erg/s units
72- 77 F6.3 --- chi2 [0.002/39] Reduced χ2 of the fit
79- 83 F5.2 [10-7W] logL[OIII] [35.4/44.2]? Log of [OIII]5007Å
luminosity, in erg/s units (2)
86- 87 I2 --- r_logL[OIII] [1/12]? Reference for logL[OIII] (3)
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Note (1): Maser types as follows:
0 = non-maser (574 occurrences);
1 = kilomaser (15 occurrences);
2 = non-disk megamaser (29 occurrences);
3 = disk megamaser (24 occurrences).
Note (2): In all sources with L[OIII] available from literature, we applied
the internal reddening corrections using the Balmer decrement, assuming
an intrinsic ratio of (Hα/Hβ)0 of 3.0 and a Hβ/Hα
color index for extinction of 2.94 (Bassani+ 1999, J/ApJS/121/473).
Note (3): Literature references for L[OIII] as follows:
1 = The MPA-JHU DR8 release of spectrum measurements,
http://www.sdss3.org/dr10/spectro/galaxy_mpajhu.php;
2 = Ho et al. (1997, J/ApJS/112/315);
3 = Shu et al. (2007ApJ...657..167S 2007ApJ...657..167S);
4 = Ueda et al. (2015ApJ...815....1U 2015ApJ...815....1U);
5 = Malkan et al. (2017ApJ...846..102M 2017ApJ...846..102M);
6 = Moustakas et al. (2006, J/ApJS/164/81);
7 = Parisi et al. (2014, J/A+A/561/A67);
8 = Zhu et al. (2011ApJ...742...73Z 2011ApJ...742...73Z);
9 = Dahari et al. (1988ApJS...67..249D 1988ApJS...67..249D);
10 = Masetti et al. (2008A&A...482..113M 2008A&A...482..113M);
11 = Robitaille et al. (2007A&A...464..541R 2007A&A...464..541R);
12 = Panessa et al. (2006A&A...455..173P 2006A&A...455..173P).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 26 A26 --- Name Galaxy name
28 A1 --- l_logLobs Limit flag on logLobs
30- 34 F5.2 [10-7W] logLobs [34.97/45.42] Log of observed AGN
luminosity in 2-10keV energy band
36 A1 --- l_logLint Limit flag on logLint
38- 42 F5.2 [10-7W] logLint [34.97/45.42] Log of absorption-corrected
intrinsic AGN luminosity in 2-10keV
energy band (1)
44- 48 F5.2 [cm-2] logNH [19.9/25]? Log of neutral hydrogen
absorption column density (2)
50- 53 F4.2 [cm-2] E_logNH [0/4]? Upper error on logNH
55- 58 F4.2 [cm-2] e_logNH [0/1.1]? Lower error on logNH
60 A1 --- f_logNH [*] * = Uncertainties of column densities
are not available
62- 65 F4.2 --- Gamma1 [0.01/3.8]? Photon index obtained from the
X-ray spectral-fitting
67- 70 F4.2 --- E_Gamma1 [0/4]? Upper error on Gamma1
72- 75 F4.2 --- e_Gamma1 [0/3.4]? Lower error on Gamma1
78- 81 F4.2 --- Gamma2 [0.8/3.7]? Photon index for the second
power-law fit to the data (3)
83- 86 F4.2 --- E_Gamma2 [0.02/0.7]? Upper error on Gamma2
88- 91 F4.2 --- e_Gamma2 [0.01/0.7]? Lower error on Gamma2
93- 100 F8.3 --- Xchi2 [0.6/4307]? Reduced χ2 of the X-ray
spectral-fitting
102- 103 I2 --- XRefs [1/16] Reference for the X-ray properties (4)
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Note (1): Except for sources from the Swift/BAT catalog,
Shu+ (2007ApJ...657..167S 2007ApJ...657..167S) and LaMassa+ (2011ApJ...729...52L 2011ApJ...729...52L),
the absorption correction was calculated purely based on the best-fit
NH value without considering whether the source is Compton-thick.
Therefore, L2-10int for Compton-thick sources in non-Swift/BAT
catalogs may be underestimated.
Note (2): For sources from the XMM-Newton catalog, the NH value without
uncertainty provided indicates that the column density was fixed to the
value shown in the table in the spectral fitting. For sources from
non-XMM-Newton catalogs, the lack of uncertainty means that the
measurement error is not available from the corresponding reference.
These latter entries without measurement errors are marked with f_logNH=*.
Note (3): This column have values only for XMM-Newton sources which are
best-fit by the double powerlaw model.
Note (4): Reference for the X-ray properties as follows::
1 = Ricci et al. (2017, J/ApJS/233/17);
2 = Corral et al. (2015A&A...576A..61C 2015A&A...576A..61C);
3 = She, Ho, & Feng (2017, J/ApJ/835/223);
4 = Malizia et al. (2012, J/MNRAS/426/1750);
5 = Malizia et al. (2016, J/MNRAS/460/19);
6 = Akylas et al. (2009A&A...500..999A 2009A&A...500..999A);
7 = Brightman et al. (2011, J/MNRAS/414/3084);
8 = Chitnis et al. (2009ApJ...698.1207C 2009ApJ...698.1207C);
9 = Gliozzi et al. (2008A&A...478..723G 2008A&A...478..723G);
10 = Guainazzi et al. (2005A&A...444..119G 2005A&A...444..119G);
11 = Gonzalez-Martin et al. (2006A&A...460...45G 2006A&A...460...45G);
12 = Noguchi et al. (2009ApJ...705..454N 2009ApJ...705..454N);
13 = Turner et al. (1989ESASP.296..769T 1989ESASP.296..769T);
14 = LaMassa et al. (2011ApJ...729...52L 2011ApJ...729...52L);
15 = Shu et al. (2007ApJ...657..167S 2007ApJ...657..167S);
16 = Castangia et al. (2013MNRAS.436.3388C 2013MNRAS.436.3388C).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 11-Aug-2021