J/ApJ/902/107 Spectroscopic binary multiplicity with Robo-AO (Laos+, 2020)
Assessing spectroscopic binary multiplicity properties using Robo-AO imaging.
Laos S., Stassun K.G., Mathieu R.D.
<Astrophys. J., 902, 107 (2020)>
=2020ApJ...902..107L 2020ApJ...902..107L
ADC_Keywords: Binaries, spectroscopic; Binaries, eclipsing; Photometry, UBV;
Stars, masses; Stars, double and multiple
Keywords: Binary stars ; Trinary stars ; Dynamical evolution
Abstract:
We present higher-order multiplicity results for 60 solar-type
spectroscopic binaries based on 0.75µm imaging data taken by the
robotic adaptive optics (Robo-AO) system at the Kitt Peak 2.1m
telescope. Our contrast curves show sensitivity up to ∼5mag at ∼1"
separation; at very small separations, we identify candidate
companions from image deviations relative to the point spread
function. We find candidate tertiary companions for 62% of our
binaries overall, but we find that this fraction is a strong function
of the inner binary orbital period; it ranges from ∼47% for Pbin>30d
to as high as ∼90% for Pbin≲5d. We similarly find an increasing
tertiary companion frequency for shorter-period binaries in a
secondary sample of Kepler eclipsing binaries observed by Robo-AO.
Using Gaia distances, we estimate an upper limit orbital period for
each tertiary candidate and compare the tertiary-to-binary period
ratios for systems in the field versus those in star-forming regions.
Taken all together, these results provide further evidence for angular
momentum transfer from three-body interactions, resulting in tight
binaries with tertiaries that widen from pre-main-sequence to field
ages.
Description:
Robo-AO is an autonomous laser adaptive optics system stationed at the
Kitt Peak 2.1m telescope. High spatial resolution images of the target
stars were taken between 2017 November and 2018 June. We observed 76
unique targets in the i' bandpass (6731-8726Å) with 90s exposures.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 63 16 Any companions that we identified in our
Robo-AO imaging (non-SB sample observations)
table2.dat 71 55 Robo-AO spectroscopic binary (SB) sample
table3.dat 41 22 Robo-AO KOI eclipsing binary (EB) sample
table4.dat 79 32 Robo-AO and Gaia identified tertiaries
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See also:
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam+, 2015)
V/152 : The DEBCat detached eclipsing binary catalogue (Southworth, 2015)
III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)
J/A+A/450/681 : Companions to close sp. binaries (Tokovinin+, 2006)
J/AJ/134/2353 : Observations of contact binaries (Rucinski+, 2007)
J/ApJS/190/1 : A survey of stellar families (Raghavan+, 2010)
J/other/A+ARV/18.67 : Accurate masses and radii of normal stars (Torres+, 2010)
J/ApJ/792/119 : Companions to nearby stars from Pan-STARRS 1 (Deacon+, 2014)
J/ApJ/791/35 : Detection of 715 Kepler planet cand. host stars (Law+, 2014)
J/ApJS/215/15 : SMaSH+: observations and companion detection (Sana+, 2014)
J/AJ/147/86 : From binaries to multiples. I. (Tokovinin, 2014)
J/AJ/147/87 : From binaries to multiples. II. Stat. (Tokovinin, 2014)
J/AJ/150/16 : Speckle-interferometry in Melotte 111 (Guerrero+, 2015)
J/AJ/150/151 : DSSI observations of binaries. VI. 2014 obs. (Horch+, 2015)
J/ApJ/799/4 : Robo-AO observations of binary stars (Riddle+, 2015)
J/AJ/152/18 : Robo-AO Kepler planetary cand. survey. II. (Baranec+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/180 : Bolometric fluxes of EBs in Tycho-2 (Stassun+, 2016)
J/AJ/151/85 : Companions to APOGEE stars. I. (Troup+, 2016)
J/ApJ/851/132 : ∼30yr of opt. sp. & Vmag obs. of GW Ori (Czekala+, 2017)
J/AJ/153/66 : Robo-AO Kepler Planetary Cand. Survey. III. (Ziegler+, 2017)
J/AJ/155/51 : Robo-AO binary star syst. in 3 open cl. (Hillenbrand+, 2018)
J/A+A/619/A180 : Gaia DR2 phot. sensitivity curves (Maiz Apellaniz+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/473/4497 : Binary stars astrom. and phot. measurements (Roberts+, 2018)
J/ApJS/235/6 : Updated Multiple Star Catalog: Sept 2021 (Tokovinin, 2018)
J/AJ/155/161 : Stars nearby Robo-AO Kepler planetary cand. (Ziegler+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/83 : Stellar companions & planetary systems (Ziegler+, 2018)
J/A+A/623/A23 : Differential photometry of MML 53 (Gomez Maqueo Chew+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/78 : Double & mult. star syst. from Gaia (Jimenez-Esteban+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/196 : Close companions around young stars (Kounkel+, 2019)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 23 A23 --- Name Identifier
25 A1 --- f_Name [b] Flag on Name (1)
27- 37 F11.7 deg RAdeg [78.26/293.7] Right Ascension (J2000)
39- 49 F11.8 deg DEdeg [22.27/68.5] Declination (J2000)
51- 56 F6.3 mag Vmag [6.707/12.44] Apparent V band magnitude
58 A1 --- Flag Multiplicity flag (G1)
60- 63 F4.2 % Strehl [1.26/6.72] Strehl ratio (2)
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
b = Faint systems that were not reduced properly (see Section 2.1)
(no companion information could be deduced from RoboAO imaging.)
Note (2): The expected Robo-AO error budget and performance is summarized in
Table 2 of Jensen-Clem+ (2018AJ....155...32J 2018AJ....155...32J). At our observed Strehl
ratios of a few percent, we expect a delivered FWHM of ∼0.15"
(see Section 2.2).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 23 A23 --- Name Identifier
25- 37 F13.9 deg RAdeg [84.38/357.4] Right Ascension (J2000)
39- 50 F12.9 deg DEdeg [-1.7/67.4] Declination (J2000)
52- 59 F8.3 d Pbin [0.63/1317] Binary period
61- 66 F6.3 mag Vmag [5.68/12.21] Apparent V band magnitude
68 A1 --- Flag Multiplicity flag (G1)
70- 71 A2 --- Ref Sample identifier (1)
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Note (1): Sample identifier as follows:
EB = eclipsing binaries (EBs) from Stassun & Torres (2016, J/AJ/152/180 ;
33 occurrences)
SB = spectroscopic binaries (SBs) from Troup et al. (2016, J/AJ/151/85 ;
22 occurrences).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 I4 --- KOI [4/6109] Kepler Object of Interest identifier
6- 14 F9.5 deg RAdeg [283.86/300.95] Right Ascension (J2000)
16- 23 F8.5 deg DEdeg [36.7/50.8] Declination (J2000)
25- 32 F8.4 d Pbin [0.53/253.4] Binary period
34- 39 F6.3 mag Vmag [7.64/13] Apparent V band magnitude
41 A1 --- Flag Multiplicity flag (G1)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 23 A23 --- Name Identifier
25- 25 A1 --- f_Name [ef] Flag on Name (1)
27- 34 F8.3 d Pbin [0.63/1317] Binary orbital period
36- 42 F7.3 arcsec Sep [0.12/119.2] Separation upper limit
44- 49 F6.1 pc Dist [49.3/2223] Distance
51- 57 F7.1 AU PSep [6/33258] Projected physical separation
upper limit
59- 62 F4.1 Msun Mass [0.8/35.5] Mass (2)
64- 66 F3.1 [yr] logP3 [0.5/6.2] log tertiary orbital period
upper limit
68- 72 F5.2 --- GOF-AL [5.45/67] Gaia Astrometric Goodness of Fit
in the Along-Scan direction
74- 79 F6.2 --- D [0/223.5] Gaia significance of the Astrometric
Excess Noise
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
e = Wide tertiary companion identified by Gaia CPM analysis (Section 3.1).
f = Multiple status astrometrically confirmed by Gaia (Section 3.2).
Note (2): For Stassun & Torres SBs (2016, J/AJ/152/180), masses are sourced
from the detached eclipsing binary catalogue (DEBCat,
Southworth 2015, V/152).
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Global notes
Note (G1): Multiplicity flag as follows:
B = binary;
T = triple;
U = undetermined (Section 2.2).
N = no companion detected.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 20-Apr-2022