J/ApJ/905/76 3rd HAWC cat. of VHE gamma-ray sources (3HWC) (Albert+, 2020)
3HWC: The third HAWC catalog of very-high-energy gamma-ray sources.
Albert A., Alfaro R., Alvarez C., Angeles Camacho J.R.,
Arteaga-Velazquez J.C., Arunbabu K.P., Avila Rojas D., Ayala Solares H.A.,
Baghmanyan V., Belmont-Moreno E., BenZvi S.Y., Brisbois C.,
Caballero-Mora K.S., Capistran T., Carraminana A., Casanova S., Cotti U.,
Coutino de Leon S., De la Fuente E., Diaz Hernandez R., Diaz-Cruz L.,
Dingus B.L., DuVernois M.A., Durocher M., Diaz-Velez J.C.,
Ellsworth R.W., Engel K., Espinoza C., Fan K.L., Fang K.,
Fernandez Alonso M., Fleischhack H., Fraija N., Galvan-Gamez A., Garcia D.,
Garcia-Gonzalez J.A., Garfias F., Giacinti G., Gonzalez M.M., Goodman J.A.,
Harding J.P., Hernandez S., Hinton J., Hona B., Huang D.,
Hueyotl-Zahuantitla F., Huntemeyer P., Iriarte A., Jardin-Blicq A.,
Joshi V., Kieda D., Lara A., Lee W.H., Leon Vargas H., Linnemann J.T.,
Longinotti A.L., Luis-Raya G., Lundeen J., Lopez-Coto R., Malone K.,
Marandon V., Martinez O., Martinez-Castellanos I., Martinez-Castro J.,
Matthews J.A., Miranda-Romagnoli P., Morales-Soto J.A., Moreno E.,
Mostafa M., Nayerhoda A., Nellen L., Newbold M., Nisa M.U.,
Noriega-Papaqui R., Olivera-Nieto L., Omodei N., Peisker A.,
Perez Araujo Y., Perez-Perez E.G., Ren Z., Rho C.D., Riviere C.,
Rosa-Gonzalez D., Ruiz-Velasco E., Salazar H., Salesa Greus F.S.,
Sandoval A., Schneider M., Schoorlemmer H., Serna F., Sinnis G., Smith A.J.,
Springer R.W., Surajbali P., Tollefson K., Torres I., Torres-Escobedo R.,
Ukwatta T.N., Urena-Mena F., Weisgarber T., Werner F., Willox E., Zepeda A.,
Zhou H., de Leon C., Alvarez J.D., The HAWC Collaboration
<Astrophys. J., 905, 76 (2020)>
=2020ApJ...905...76A 2020ApJ...905...76A
ADC_Keywords: Gamma rays
Keywords: Gamma-ray astronomy ; Gamma-ray observatories ;
High energy astrophysics ; Cosmic ray sources
Abstract:
We present a new catalog of TeV gamma-ray sources using 1523 days of
data from the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory. The
catalog represents the most sensitive survey of the northern gamma-ray
sky at energies above several TeV, with three times the exposure
compared to the previous HAWC catalog, 2HWC. We report 65 sources
detected at ≥5σ significance, along with the positions and
spectral fits for each source. The catalog contains eight sources that
have no counterpart in the 2HWC catalog, but are within 1° of
previously detected TeV emitters, and 20 sources that are more than
1° away from any previously detected TeV source. Of these 20 new
sources, 14 have a potential counterpart in the fourth Fermi Large
Area Telescope catalog of gamma-ray sources. We also explore potential
associations of 3HWC sources with pulsars in the Australia Telescope
National Facility (ATNF) pulsar catalog and supernova remnants in the
Galactic supernova remnant catalog.
Description:
The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) consists of 300 water tanks,
each filled with ∼200,000 liters of purified water and instrumented
with four photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). The HAWC observatory is
sensitive to gamma rays in an energy range from hundreds of GeV to
hundreds of TeV.
The 3HWC catalog is based on data collected by the HAWC observatory
between 2014 November and 2019 June, corresponding to a livetime of
1523 days --about 3 times the livetime of the 2HWC catalog data set.
For the most part, the construction of the catalog follows the same
method as the previous 2HWC catalog, which is described in
Abeysekara+ (2017, J/ApJ/843/40).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 153 65 Source list and nearest TeVCat sources
table2.dat 191 65 Source radius, best-fit spectrum, and energy range
table3.dat 101 20 New HAWC sources with no TeV counterpart
table4.dat 78 12 HAWC sources with the corresponding TeV halo
candidate pulsars within 1deg
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See also:
B/psr : ATNF Pulsar Catalogue (Manchester+, 2005)
IX/67 : Incremental Fermi LAT 4th source cat. (4FGL-DR3) (Fermi-LAT col., 2022)
J/ApJ/843/40 : The 2HWC HAWC Observatory gamma-ray cat. (Abeysekara+, 2017)
J/ApJS/247/33 : The Fermi LAT fourth source catalog (4FGL) (Abdollahi+, 2020)
http://www.atnf.csiro.au/research/pulsar/psrcat/ : ATNF pulsar online catalog
http://tevcat.uchicago.edu/ : Very High Energy Gamma-Ray online catalog
http://snrcat.physics.umanitoba.ca/ : SNRcat - High Energy Observations of
Galactic Supernova Remnants online catalog
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Seq [0/64] Sequential running number
4- 7 A4 --- --- [3HWC]
9- 17 A9 --- 3HWC HAWC Name
19- 19 A1 --- f_3HWC Source flags (1)
21- 28 F8.4 deg RAdeg [83.6/337] Right Ascension (J2000)
30- 39 F10.6 deg DEdeg [-24.1/61.1] Declination (J2000)
41- 59 F19.15 deg GLON [5.48/205.03] Galactic Longitude
61- 81 F21.18 deg GLAT [-5.8/65.05] Galactic latitude
83-102 F20.18 deg ePos [0.057/0.74] Positional uncertainty (2)
104-106 F3.1 deg rs [0/1] Search radius
108-128 F21.15 --- TS [25/35737] Test statistic
130-134 F5.2 deg Sep [0/14.6] Nearest TeVCat source distance (3)
136-136 A1 --- f_TeVCat b=TeVCat source name within 0.5deg of
a 3HWC source
138-152 A15 --- TeVCat Nearest TeVCat
(Wakely & Horan 2008ICRC....3.1341W 2008ICRC....3.1341W) source
153 A1 --- n_TeVCat [*] Flag on TeVCat
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
d = a secondary source, i.e., sources that are not separated from
their neighbor(s) by a large TS gap.
Note (2): The position uncertainty reported here is statistical only. The
systematic uncertainty on the position is discussed in Section 4.3.
Note (3): For sources without a TeVCat counterpart within 1 degree, the
angular distance to the nearest TeVCat source is printed for reference.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Seq [0/64] Sequential running number
4- 7 A4 --- --- [3HWC]
9- 17 A9 --- 3HWC HAWC Name (1)
19- 21 F3.1 deg rs [0/1]? Search radius
23- 33 E11 TeV-1/cm2/s F7 [3e-15/2.4e-13]? Differential flux
at 7TeV
35- 45 E11 TeV-1/cm2/s E_F7 [6.6e-16/1.1e-14]? Upper statistical
uncertainty on F7
47- 58 E12 TeV-1/cm2/s e_F7 [-1.2e-14/-6.5e-16]? Lower statistical
uncertainty on F7
60- 67 F8.5 --- Ind [-3.15/-1.9]? Spectral fit index
69- 78 F10.8 --- E_Ind [0.0046/0.3]? Upper statistical
uncertainty on Index
80- 90 F11.8 --- e_Ind [-0.31/-0.004]? Lower statistical
uncertainty on Index
92-113 E22 --- F7sys-u [1.1e-15/5.6e-14]? Upper systematic
uncertainty on F7
115-137 E23 --- F7sys-l [-3.5e-14/-5e-16]? Lower systematic
uncertainty on F7
139-158 F20.18 --- Indsys-u [0.057/0.2]? Upper systematic
uncertainty on Index
160-180 F21.18 --- Indsys-l [-0.11/-0.007]? Lower systematic
uncertainty on Index
182-185 F4.1 TeV ER-min [0.4/14.8]? Energy Range, lower bound (2)
187-191 F5.1 TeV ER-max [7.9/293]? Energy Range, upper bound (2)
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Note (1): The spectral fit for 3HWC J0659+147 did not converge
Note (2): The energy range quoted here is the true energy interval from which
we expect to get 75% of a given source's significance.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- --- [3HWC]
6- 14 A9 --- 3HWC HAWC Name
16- 21 F6.2 deg GLON [31.95/201.08] Galactic Longitude
23- 27 F5.2 deg GLAT [-2.77/21.68] Galactic latitude
29- 32 A4 --- --- [4FGL]
34- 45 A12 --- 4FGL Nearest GeV source in 4FGL,
Abdollahi+ (2020, J/ApJS/247/33)
47- 50 F4.2 deg Sep4FGL [0.15/1]? Separation distance from 4GL source
52- 54 A3 --- Class Class
56- 65 A10 --- ATNF ATNF Pulsar identifier, Manchester+ (2005, B/psr)
67- 70 F4.2 deg SepATNF [0.13/0.94]? Separation distance from pulsar
72- 82 A11 --- SNRCat Nearest SNR
84- 87 F4.2 --- SepSNR [0.13/0.81]? Separation distance from nearest SNR
89-101 A13 --- Type SNR Type from the SNRCat,
Ferrand & Safi-Harb (2012AdSpR..49.1313F 2012AdSpR..49.1313F)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- --- [3HWC]
6- 14 A9 --- 3HWC HAWC Name
16- 21 F6.2 deg GLON [22.13/200.91] Galactic Longitude
23- 27 F5.2 deg GLAT [-4.13/20.34] Galactic latitude
29- 38 A10 --- ATNF ATNF pulsar, Manchester+ (2005, B/psr)
40- 44 F5.1 kyr Age [111/342] Age
46- 53 E8.2 10-7W Edot [3.25e+34/2.87e+36] Spin-down luminosity, erg/s
55- 58 F4.2 kpc Dist [0.19/5.06] Distance
60- 63 F4.2 deg Sep [0.11/0.95] Separation
65- 78 A14 --- TeVCat Previously detected TeV counterpart of each source
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 22-Jul-2022