J/ApJ/908/75 Radio flux measurements of type Ib/c & II SNe (Bietenholz+, 2021)
The radio luminosity-risetime function of core-collapse supernovae.
Bietenholz M.F., Bartel N., Argo M., Dua R., Ryder S., Soderberg A.
<Astrophys. J., 908, 75 (2021)>
=2021ApJ...908...75B 2021ApJ...908...75B
ADC_Keywords: Supernovae; Spectra, radio
Keywords: Core-collapse supernovae ; Radio transient sources
Abstract:
We assemble a large set of 2-10GHz radio flux density measurements and
upper limits of 294 different supernovae (SNe), from the literature
and our own and archival data. Only 31% of SNe were detected. We
characterize the SN radio lightcurves near the peak using a
two-parameter model, with tpk being the time to rise to a peak and Lpk
the spectral luminosity at that peak. Over all SNe in our sample at
D<100Mpc, we find that tpk=101.7±0.9days and that
Lpk=1025.5±1.6erg/s/Hz, and therefore that generally 50% of SNe
will have Lpk<1025.5erg/s/Hz. These Lpk values are ∼30 times lower
than those for only detected SNe. Types Ib/c and II (excluding IIn's)
have similar mean values of Lpk but the former have a wider range,
whereas Type IIn SNe have ∼10 times higher values with
Lpk=1026.5±1.1erg/s/Hz. As for tpk, Type Ib/c have tpk of only
101.1±0.5days while Type II have tpk=101.6±1.0 and Type IIn
the longest timescales with tpk=103.1±0.7days. We also estimate
the distribution of progenitor mass-loss rates, M, and find that the
mean and standard deviation of log(dM/dt/M☉yr-1) are
-5.4±1.2 (assuming vwind=1000km/s) for Type Ib/c SNe, and
-6.9±1.4 (assuming vwind=10km/s) for Type II SNe excluding Type IIn.
Description:
We re-reduced a number of archival observations of SNe from the Karl
G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA). See Section 2.
All observations with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA)
used the 2GHz bandwidth CABB system. The primary flux density
calibrator was PKSB1934-638, and no self-calibration was applied.
Observations with the Multi-Element Radio-Linked Interferometer
Network (MERLIN) used the e-Merlin pipeline using 512MHz bandwidth.
The primary flux density calibrator was 3C286, and no self-calibration
was done.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 64 330 Flux densities or limits from radio observations
for 108 SNe
table2.dat 95 294 Supernovae observed in radio
refs.dat 148 154 References
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See also:
J/MNRAS/412/1441 : SNe luminosity functions (Li+, 2011)
J/ApJ/747/L5 : R-band observations of PTF 10vgv (Corsi+, 2012)
J/ApJ/821/57 : Photometry of the Type Ib/c SN2013ge (Drout+, 2016)
J/A+A/593/A18 : SN 2008iz 4.8 and 8.4GHz images (Kimani+, 2016)
J/ApJ/863/163 : Type IIP supernova SN 2004dj radio obs (Nayana+, 2018)
J/ApJ/887/169 : UV-Opt light curves of the type Ic SN 2018gep (Ho+, 2019)
J/ApJ/883/147 : UV-NIR LC of energetic Hstripped SN2016coi (Terreran+, 2019)
J/ApJ/893/132 : Optical follow-up of SNIc ZTF18aaqjovh (Ho+, 2020)
J/ApJ/902/86 : Type Ic SN 2020bvc UV to NIR LCs & opt. spectra (Ho+, 2020)
J/ApJ/903/132 : Radio & optical obs of supernova SN2020oi (Horesh+, 2020)
J/ApJ/898/166 : UV to NIR obs. of SN 2019ehk (Jacobson-Galan+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 A10 --- Name SN identifier (1)
12 A1 --- l_Flux [L] L: 3-sigma upper limit flag on Flux
14- 17 I4 yr Obs.Y [1984/2018] UT Year of observation midpoint
19- 20 I2 "month" Obs.M UT Month of observation midpoint
22- 26 F5.2 d Obs.D UT Day of observation midpoint
28- 34 A7 --- Tel Telescope identifier (2)
37- 41 F5.2 GHz Freq [1.4/45] Observed frequency
44- 50 F7.4 mJy Flux [0.029/10] Measured flux density at Freq
52- 57 F6.4 mJy e_Flux [0.009/4] Uncertainty in Flux
59- 64 A6 --- Comm Additional comment (3)
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Note (1): SN 1008in is very likely a misprint for 2008in and
2012a have been corrected to 2012A at CDS.
SN 1988S is very likely a misprint for 1988I but this has not been
confirmed by the author, so no correction has been made.
Note (2): Telescopes as follows:
VLA = Very Large Array, USA; if known, the VLA configuration
is appended, e.g. VLA-A (295 occurrences)
MERLIN = the Multi-Element Radio-Linked Interferometer Network, UK
(1 occurrence)
ATCA = Australia Telescope Compact Array, Australia (34 occurrences)
Note (3): "Weiler" indicates that this value was retrieved from the
website of the late Kurt Weiler.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 21 A21 --- Name Name of the supernova
23- 30 A8 --- Type SN type (1)
32 A1 --- f_Type [f] Flag on type (2)
34- 57 A24 --- Galaxy Host galaxy name
59- 65 F7.3 Mpc Dist [0.051/314] The (luminosity) distance (3)
67- 76 A10 "Y/M/D" Date Explosion date (UT), t0 taken from
the literature (4)
78- 79 I2 --- Nm [1/69] Number of measurements used in this
work (5)
81 A1 --- Det Detected?
83- 95 A13 --- Ref Reference(s) (see refs.dat file)
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Note (1): The type of the SN. "BL" stands for "broad-lined,"
"Pec" for "peculiar," a ":" means the type is somewhat uncertain, and
"?" means the SN type is unknown, because no optical spectrum was
available. We do not include SNe of unknown type in either our Ib/c or
II groups.
Note (2): Flag as follows:
f = SN 2001em and SN 2014C were initially classified as Types Ic and Ib,
respectively, but both developed the spectral characteristics of a
Type IIn later in their evolution. Since the bright radio emission
occurred at later times corresponding to the IIn spectra, we classify
both as IIn.
Note (3): The (luminosity) distance to the SN, derived from the NED database
(see text for details).
Note (4): The explosion date, t0, is taken from the literature. If the time
of maximum light is known, but there is no other estimate of the
explosion date, we take t0 to be two weeks prior to maximum light. If
the time of maximum light is also not known we use the discovery date
for t0. In most of these cases, the radio observations occur only
several months later and the exact value of t0 will have relatively
little effect.
Note (5): For each SN we picked one of 4-8GHz (C-band) or 8-12GHz (X-band),
whichever had more or better measurements, with the exception of
SN1987A where we picked 2.3GHz.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Code Reference code
5- 27 A23 --- Auth First author's name(s)
29- 47 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode of the reference
49-148 A100 --- Comm Comment
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 13-Feb-2024