J/ApJ/912/31 M83 X-ray binary classifications from HST (Hunt+, 2021)
Calibrating X-ray binary luminosity functions via optical reconnaissance.
I. The case of M83.
Hunt Q., Gallo E., Chandar R., Johns Mulia P., Mok A., Prestwich A., Liu S.
<Astrophys. J., 912, 31 (2021)>
=2021ApJ...912...31H 2021ApJ...912...31H
ADC_Keywords: Binaries, X-ray; Photometry, HST; Cross identifications;
Magnitudes, absolute; Colors; X-ray sources; Optical
Keywords: X-ray binary stars ; Luminosity function ; HST photometry ;
Late-type galaxies
Abstract:
Building on recent work by Chandar+ (2020, J/ApJ/890/150), we
construct X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) for different classes of
X-ray binary (XRB) donors in the nearby star-forming galaxy M83
through a novel methodology. Rather than classifying low-versus
high-mass XRBs based on the scaling of the number of X-ray sources
with stellar mass and star formation rate, respectively, we utilize
multiband Hubble Space Telescope imaging data to classify each
Chandra-detected compact X-ray source as a low-mass (i.e., donor mass
≲3M☉), high-mass (donor mass ≳8M☉), or intermediate-mass
XRB based on either the location of its candidate counterpart on
optical color-magnitude diagrams or the age of its host star cluster.
In addition to the standard (single and/or truncated) power-law
functional shape, we approximate the resulting XLFs with a Schechter
function. We identify a marginally significant (at the
1σ-to-2σ level) exponential downturn for the high-mass XRB
XLF, at l∼38.48-0.33+0.52 (in log CGS units). In contrast, the
low- and intermediate-mass XRB XLFs, as well as the total XLF of M83,
are formally consistent with sampling statistics from a single power
law. Our method suggests a non-negligible contribution from low- and
possibly intermediate-mass XRBs to the total XRB XLF of M83, i.e.,
between 20% and 50%, in broad agreement with X-ray-based XLFs. More
generally, we caution against considerable contamination from X-ray
emitting supernova remnants to the published, X-ray-based XLFs of M83,
and possibly all actively star-forming galaxies.
Description:
In this work, we present a fully classified catalog of X-ray sources
in M83 that builds upon the deep Chandra ACIS imaging data published
in Lehmer+ 2019 (J/ApJS/243/3). Out of a total of 456 pointlike
sources brighter than 1035erg/s, we restrict our analysis to the
325 objects that fall within the M83 HST footprint.
HST observations of M83 were taken with the WFC3/UVIS instrument,
spanning seven fields that each cover approximately 162"x162" for a
total mosaic area of ∼43arcmin2. All observations were obtained
between 2009 August and 2012 September by R. O'Connell
(Prop ID. 11360) and W. Blair (Prop ID. 12513), with exposure times
ranging from ∼1.2 to 2.7ks for each image. Images were downloaded
from the Hubble Legacy Archive (HLA).
In general, BVI images are created using the F438W, F547M, and F814W
filters. The central field, which includes the galaxy nucleus, uses
the broader F555W V-band filter, rather than F547M. We also use U-band
images (F336W) to help calculate cluster ages (see Section 2).
Objects:
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RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
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13 37 00.92 -29 51 56.7 M83 = NGC 5236
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea2.dat 111 325 Properties and classifications of M83 X-ray sources
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See also:
B/hst : HST Archived Exposures Catalog (STScI, 2007)
B/chandra : The Chandra Archive Log (CXC, 1999-2014)
VIII/76 : Leiden/Argentine/Bonn (LAB) Survey of Galactic HI (Kalberla+ 2005)
IX/57 : The Chandra Source Catalog (CSC), Release 2.0 (Evans+, 2019)
J/A+A/410/53 : M83 X-ray sources (Soria+, 2003)
J/ApJ/602/231 : Chandra X-ray point sources in nearby gal. (Colbert+, 2004)
J/ApJ/613/279 : ACS Virgo Cluster Survey. III. M87 (Jordan+, 2004)
J/ApJ/617/262 : X-ray sources in NGC 1600 (Sivakoff+, 2004)
J/A+A/455/1165 : Catalogue of Galactic high-mass X-ray binaries (Liu+, 2006)
J/ApJS/169/401 : ChaMP X-ray point source catalog (Kim+, 2007)
J/ApJ/662/525 : LMXBs in globular clusters of 5 galaxies (Kundu+, 2007)
J/A+A/469/807 : Catalogue of Galactic low-mass X-ray binaries (Liu+, 2007)
J/ApJ/689/983 : LMXBs in early-type galaxies. I. Chandra (Humphrey+, 2008)
J/ApJ/741/86 : XRBs and star clusters in NGC 4449 (Rangelov+, 2011)
J/A+A/533/A33 : LMXBs detected in nearby galaxies (Zhang+, 2011)
J/ApJS/203/8 : Optical SNR candidates in M83 (Blair+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/419/2095 : HMXBs in nearby galaxies (Mineo+, 2012)
J/A+A/553/A7 : XMM sources in M83 (NGC5236) (Ducci+, 2013)
J/ApJ/776/L31 : Energy feedback from XRB from z=0 to z=19.92 (Fragos+, 2013)
J/ApJ/788/55 : HST/WFC3 SNR discoveries in M83 (NGC5236) (Blair+, 2014)
J/ApJS/212/21 : A deep Chandra ACIS survey of M83 (Long+, 2014)
J/ApJ/825/7 : Evolution of ∼6Ms CDF-S galaxies (Lehmer+, 2016)
J/ApJ/817/95 : X-ray observations of HCG galaxies (Tzanavaris+, 2016)
J/ApJ/829/20 : Chandra ACIS survey in nearby galaxies. II (Wang+, 2016)
J/ApJS/228/2 : Chandra Deep Field-South survey: 7Ms sources (Luo+, 2017)
J/ApJ/862/73 : Deep Chandra obs. of X-ray point sources in M87 (Luan+, 2018)
J/ApJS/243/3 : Chandra observations of SINGS galaxies (Lehmer+, 2019)
J/ApJ/890/150 : X-ray binaries in M101 with HST optical data (Chandar+, 2020)
http://hla.stsci.edu/ : The Hubble Legacy Archive home page
http://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/m83mos/ : M83 mosaics on MAST
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 7 A7 --- ID Lehmer identifier (1)
9- 12 A4 --- CSC "2CXO" if in CSC 2.0 (Cat. IX/57) or "None"
14- 29 A16 --- CXO Chandra Source Catalog identifier; release 2
(JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS;
<2CXO JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS> in Simbad)
31- 34 A4 --- [LKB2014] Long+ 2014, J/ApJS/212/21 identifier;
or "None"
36- 45 F10.6 deg RAdeg [204.2/204.4] Right Ascension (J2000)
47- 56 F10.6 deg DEdeg [-29.93/-29.8] Declination (J2000)
58- 61 F4.1 [10-7W] logLX [34.8/39.5] log X-ray luminosity; erg/s
63- 72 F10.6 mag VMag [-11.65/-0.67]? Absolute V band magnitude
estimated at a distance of 4.61Mpc
74- 82 F9.6 mag B-V [-1.25/5.06]? The (B-V) color index
84- 92 F9.6 mag V-I [-1.05/3.62]? The (V-I) color index
94-100 A7 --- Class X-ray classification (2)
102 A1 --- f_Class [i] Flag on Class (3)
104-107 F4.1 [yr] logAge [6.7/10.3]? log cluster age
109-111 F3.1 --- CF [1/3] Confidence flag (1=most certain
classification) (4)
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Note (1): All Lehmer et al. (2019, J/ApJS/243/3) M83 X-ray sources
that fall within the footprint of the HST image.
Note (2): Classifications in parentheses are objects with uncertain "candidate"
classifications, as reported in Long+ 2014, J/ApJS/212/21 or
as found by our methods. Classification as follows:
HMXB = XRB with high-mass donor (120 occurrences)
SNR = supernova remnant (101 occurrences)
(SNR) = SNR candidate (2 occurrences)
IMXB = intermediate-mass XRB (63 occurrences)
LMXB = XRB with low-mass donor (31 occurrences)
AGN = background AGN (4 occurrences)
Gal = background quasar candidate (3 occurrences)
Nucleus = galaxy nucleus (1 occurrence)
Note (3): Flag as follows:
i = a SNR identified using our HR-LX criterion or a XRB associated
with a cluster.
Note (4): Assigned to each source based on the "strength" of the
identification of the X-ray emitter: a CF of 1 represents the most
certain classifications (those determined in other studies, or XRBs
with a clear donor, with multiple candidates of similar mass, or a
clear absence of a donor); CF ratings of 2 or 3 may indicate that a
source is in a dust-obscured region, such as near the nucleus or
along a dust lane (since the presence of heavy dust could potentially
mask high-mass stars, background galaxies, and clusters, leading to
possible mis-identifications), or that there are multiple sources
of different masses within the 2-σ radius.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 25-Oct-2022