J/ApJ/920/L45 Catalog of neutrino emissions (Abbasi+, 2021)
Search for multi-flare neutrino emissions in 10yr of IceCube data from a
catalog of sources.
Abbasi R., Ackermann M., Adams J., Aguilar J.A., Ahlers M., Ahrens M.,
Alispach C., Alves A.A., Amin N.M., An R., Andeen K., Anderson T.,
Anton G., Arguelles C., Ashida Y., Axani S., Bai X., Balagopal V.A.,
Barbano A., Barwick S.W., Bastian B., Basu V., Baur S., Bay R.,
Beatty J.J., Becker K.-H., Becker Tjus J., Bellenghi C., Benzvi S.,
Berley D., Bernardini E., Besson D.Z., Binder G., Bindig D., Blaufuss E.,
Blot S., Boddenberg M., Bontempo F., Borowka J., Boser S., Botner O.,
Bottcher J., Bourbeau E., Bradascio F., Braun J., Bron S.,
Brostean-kaiser J., Browne S., Burgman A., Burley R.T., Busse R.S.,
Campana M.A., Carnie-bronca E.G., Chen C., Chirkin D., Choi K., Clark B.A.,
Clark K., Classen L., Coleman A., Collin G.H., Conrad J.M., Coppin P.,
Correa P., Cowen D.F., Cross R., Dappen C., Dave P., De Clercq C.,
Delaunay J.J., Dembinski H., Deoskar K., De Ridder S., Desai A.,
Desiati P., De Vries K.D., De Wasseige G., De With M., Deyoung T.,
Dharani S., Diaz A., Diaz-velez J.C., Dittmer M., Dujmovic H., Dunkman M.,
Duvernois M.A., Dvorak E., Ehrhardt T., Eller P., Engel R., Erpenbeck H.,
Evans J., Evenson P.A., Fan K.L., Fazely A.R., Fiedlschuster S.,
Fienberg A.T., Filimonov K., Finley C., Fischer L., Fox D., Franckowiak A.,
Friedman E., Fritz A., Furst P., Gaisser T.K., Gallagher J., Ganster E.,
Garcia A., Garrappa S., Gerhardt L., Ghadimi A., Glaser C., Glauch T.,
Glusenkamp T., Goldschmidt A., Gonzalez J.G., Goswami S., Grant D.,
Gregoire T., Griswold S., Gunduz M., Gunther C., Haack C., Hallgren A.,
Halliday R., Halve L., Halzen F., Ha Minh M., Hanson K., Hardin J.,
Harnisch A.A., Haungs A., Hauser S., Hebecker D., Helbing K.,
Henningsen F., Hettinger E.C., Hickford S., Hignight J., Hill C.,
Hill G.C., Hoffman K.D., Hoffmann R., Hoinka T., Hokanson-fasig B.,
Hoshina K., Huang F., Huber M., Huber T., Hultqvist K., Hunnefeld M.,
Hussain R., In S., Iovine N., Ishihara A., Jansson M., Japaridze G.S.,
Jeong M., Jones B.J.P., Kang D., Kang W., Kang X., Kappes A., Kappesser D.,
Karg T., Karl M., Karle A., Katz U., Kauer M., Kellermann M., Kelley J.L.,
Kheirandish A., Kin K., Kintscher T., Kiryluk J., Klein S.R., Koirala R.,
Kolanoski H., Kontrimas T., Kopke L., Kopper C., Kopper S., Koskinen D.J.,
Koundal P., Kovacevich M., Kowalski M., Kozynets T., Kun E., Kurahashi N.,
Lad N., Lagunas Gualda C., Lanfranchi J.L., Larson M.J., Lauber F.,
Lazar J.P., Lee J.W., Leonard K., Leszczynska A., Li Y., Lincetto M.,
Liu Q.R., Liubarska M., Lohfink E., Lozano Mariscal C.J., Lu L.,
Lucarelli F., Ludwig A., Luszczak W., Lyu Y., Ma W.Y., Madsen J.,
Mahn K.B.M., Makino Y., Mancina S., Maris I.C., Maruyama R., Mase K.,
Mcelroy T., Mcnally F., Mead J.V., Meagher K., Medina A., Meier M.,
Meighen-berger S., Micallef J., Mockler D., Montaruli T., Moore R.W.,
Morse R., Moulai M., Naab R., Nagai R., Naumann U., Necker J., Nguyen L.V.,
Niederhausen H., Nisa M.U., Nowicki S.C., Nygren D.R.,
Obertacke Pollmann A., Oehler M., Oeyen B., Olivas A., O'sullivan E.,
Pandya H., Pankova D.V., Park N., Parker G.K., Paudel E.N., Paul L.,
Perez De Los Heros C., Peters L., Peterson J., Philippen S., Pieloth D.,
Pieper S., Pittermann M., Pizzuto A., Plum M., Popovych Y., Porcelli A.,
Prado Rodriguez M., Price P.B., Pries B., Przybylski G.T., Raab C.,
Raissi A., Rameez M., Rawlins K., Rea I.C., Rehman A., Reichherzer P.,
Reimann R., Renzi G., Resconi E., Reusch S., Rhode W., Richman M.,
Riedel B., Roberts E.J., Robertson S., Roellinghoff G., Rongen M., Rott C.,
Ruhe T., Ryckbosch D., Rysewyk Cantu D., Safa I., Saffer J.,
Sanchez Herrera S.E., Sandrock A., Sandroos J., Santander M., Sarkar S.,
Sarkar S., Satalecka K., Scharf M., Schaufel M., Schieler H., Schindler S.,
Schlunder P., Schmidt T., Schneider A., Schneider J., Schroder F.G.,
Schumacher L., Schwefer G., Sclafani S., Seckel D., Seunarine S.,
Sharma A., Shefali S., Silva M., Skrzypek B., Smithers B., Snihur R.,
Soedingrekso J., Soldin D., Spannfellner C., Spiczak G.M., Spiering C.,
Stachurska J., Stamatikos M., Stanev T., Stein R., Stettner J., Steuer A.,
Stezelberger T., Sturwald T., Stuttard T., Sullivan G.W., Taboada I.,
Tenholt F., Ter-antonyan S., Tilav S., Tischbein F., Tollefson K.,
Tomankova L., Tonnis C., Toscano S., Tosi D., Trettin A., Tselengidou M.,
Tung C.F., Turcati A., Turcotte R., Turley C.F., Twagirayezu J.P., Ty B.,
Unland Elorrieta M.A., Valtonen-mattila N., Vandenbroucke J.,
Van Eijndhoven N., Vannerom D., Van Santen J., Verpoest S., Vraeghe M.,
Walck C., Watson T.B., Weaver C., Weigel P., Weindl A., Weiss M.J.,
Weldert J., Wendt C., Werthebach J., Weyrauch M., Whitehorn N.,
Wiebusch C.H., Williams D.R., Wolf M., Woschnagg K., Wrede G., Wulff J.,
Xu X.W., Xu Y., Yanez J.P., Yoshida S., Yu S., Yuan T., Zhang Z.,
(the Icecube Collaboration)
<*Astrophys. J., *920*L45 (2021)>
=2021ApJ...920L..45A 2021ApJ...920L..45A (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Neutrino; Atomic physics; Gamma rays
Keywords: Neutrino astronomy; High energy astrophysics; Particle astrophysics
Abstract:
A recent time-integrated analysis of a catalog of 110 candidate
neutrino sources revealed a cumulative neutrino excess in the data
collected by IceCube between 2008 April 6 and 2018 July 10. This
excess, inconsistent with the background hypothesis in the Northern
Hemisphere at the 3.3σ level, is associated with four sources:
NGC1068, TXS0506+056, PKS1424+240, and GB6J1542+6129. This Letter
presents two time-dependent neutrino emission searches on the same
data sample and catalog: a point-source search that looks for the most
significant time-dependent source of the catalog by combining space,
energy, and time information of the events, and a population test
based on binomial statistics that looks for a cumulative
time-dependent neutrino excess from a subset of sources. Compared to
previous time-dependent searches, these analyses enable a feature to
possibly find multiple flares from a single direction with an unbinned
maximum-likelihood method. M87 is found to be the most significant
time-dependent source of this catalog at the level of 1.7σ
post-trial, and TXS0506+056 is the only source for which two flares
are reconstructed. The binomial test reports a cumulative
time-dependent neutrino excess in the Northern Hemisphere at the level
of 3.0σ associated with four sources: M87, TXS0506+056,
GB6J1542+6129, and NGC1068.
Description:
The IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a 1km3 sized neutrino telescope
optimized for detection of high-energy neutrinos above ∼100GeV. It is
located at the South Pole at a depth from ∼1.5 to 2.5km in the
Antarctic ice. The data set used in this analysis comprises 10yr of
IceCube data from 2008 April 6 to 2018 July 10.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 117 111 *Catalog results
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Note on table2.dat: Under-fluctuating results are shown as blanks.
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See also:
J/ApJ/864/84 : Swift follow-up obs of the TXS 0506+056 blazar (Keivani+, 2018)
J/ApJS/247/33 : The Fermi LAT fourth source catalog (4FGL) (Abdollahi+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- ID Source identifier
18 A1 --- f_ID [b] Flag on ID (1)
20- 25 F6.2 deg RAdeg [5/351] Right Ascension (J2000)
27- 32 F6.2 deg DEdeg [-73/72] Declination (J2000)
34- 37 F4.1 --- ns [2/28]? Total number of signal-like events
in the flare (2)
39- 41 F3.1 --- E_ns [2/10]? Upper uncertainty in ns
43- 45 F3.1 --- e_ns [1/8]? Lower uncertainty in ns
47- 49 F3.1 --- gamma [1.3/4]? Flare spectral index (2)
51- 53 F3.1 --- E_gamma [0.3/0.9]? Upper uncertainty in gamma
55- 57 F3.1 --- e_gamma [0.3/0.9]? Lower uncertainty in gamma
59- 67 F9.3 d t0 [54587/58304]? Modified Julian date of
flare time (2)
69- 74 F6.3 d E_t0 [0.001/90]? Upper uncertainty in t0
76- 81 F6.3 d e_t0 [0.001/80]? Lower uncertainty in t0
83- 91 E9.3 d sigmaT [0.0004/200]? Flare duration (2)
93- 99 E7.1 d E_sigmaT [0.001/110]? Upper uncertainty in sigmaT
101-107 E7.1 d e_sigmaT [0.0004/64]? Lower uncertainty in sigmaT
109-112 F4.2 [-] logploc [0.38/3.35]? log local pre-trail p-value
114-117 F4.1 10+4.TeV/cm2 F90 [0.6/56]? Time-integrated flux (3)
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Note (1): A source that gives rise to the 3.0σ excess of the
binomial test in the Northern hemisphere. Note that flare parameters
of the flare from TXS0506+056 at58020 MJD and related to the neutrino
alert (ns=7.6, gamma=2.6, sigmaT=42days) are different from those
reported in Aartsen+, 2018Sci...361..147A 2018Sci...361..147A, when the data available for
analysis extended up to 40days after the central time of the flare.
This analysis includes 7 additional months and reconstructs a longer,
more significant flare associated with the same alert.
Note (2): A maximum-likelihood flare parameter.
Note (3): The 90% CL upper limits on the time-integrated flux defined in
equation A3 for an E-2 spectrum.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 11-Mar-2024