J/ApJ/935/170 Pierre Auger Observatory cosmic rays above 32 EeV (Abreu+, 2022)
Arrival Directions of Cosmic Rays above 32 EeV from Phase One of the Pierre
Auger Observatory.
Abreu P., Aglietta M., Albury J.M., Allekotte I., Almeida Cheminant K.,
Almela A., Alvarez-Muniz J., Alves Batista R., Ammerman Yebra J.,
Anastasi G.A., Anchordoqui L., Andrada B., Andringa S., Aramo C.,
Araujo Ferreira P.R., Arnone E., Arteaga Velazquez J.C., Asorey H.,
Assis P., Avila G., Avocone E., Badescu A.M., Bakalova A., Balaceanu A.,
Barbato F., Bellido J.A., Berat C., Bertaina M.E., Bhatta G.,
Biermann P.L., Binet V., Bismark K., Bister T., Biteau J., Blazek J.,
Bleve C., Blumer J., Bohacova M., Boncioli D., Bonifazi C.,
Bonneau Arbeletche L., Borodai N., Botti A.M., Brack J., Bretz T.,
Brichetto Orchera P.G., Briechle F.L., Buchholz P., Bueno A., Buitink S.,
Buscemi M., Busken M., Caballero-Mora K.S., Caccianiga L., Canfora F.,
Caracas I., Caruso R., Castellina A., Catalani F., Cataldi G., Cazon L.,
Cerda M., Chinellato J.A., Chudoba J., Chytka L., Clay R.W.,
Cobos Cerutti A.C., Colalillo R., Coleman A., Coluccia M.R., Conceicao R.,
Condorelli A., Consolati G., Contreras F., Convenga F.,
Correia dos Santos D., Covault C.E., Dasso S., Daumiller K., Dawson B.R.,
Day J.A., de Almeida R.M., de Jesus J., de Jong S.J.,
de Mello Neto J.R.T., De Mitri I., de Oliveira J., de Oliveira Franco D.,
de Palma F., de Souza V., De Vito E., Del Popolo A., del Rio M.,
Deligny O., Deval L., di Matteo A., Dobre M., Dobrigkeit C., D'Olivo J.C.,
Domingues Mendes L.M., dos Anjos R.C., Dova M.T., Ebr J., Engel R.,
Epicoco I., Erdmann M., Escobar C.O., Etchegoyen A., Falcke H., Farmer J.,
Farrar G., Fauth A.C., Fazzini N., Feldbusch F., Fenu F., Fick B.,
Figueira J.M., Filipcic A., Fitoussi T., Fodran T., Fujii T., Fuster A.,
Galea C., Galelli C., Garcia B., Gemmeke H., Gesualdi F.,
Gherghel-Lascu A., Ghia P.L., Giaccari U., Giammarchi M., Glombitza J.,
Gobbi F., Gollan F., Golup G., Gomez Berisso M., Gomez Vitale P.F.,
Gongora J.P., Gonzalez J.M., Gonzalez N., Goos I., Gora D., Gorgi A.,
Gottowik M., Grubb T.D., Guarino F., Guedes G.P., Guido E., Hahn S.,
Hamal P., Hampel M.R., Hansen P., Harari D., Harvey V.M., Haungs A.,
Hebbeker T., Heck D., Hill G.C., Hojvat C., Horandel J.R., Horvath P.,
Hrabovsky M., Huege T., Insolia A., Isar P.G., Janecek P., Johnsen J.A.,
Jurysek J., Kaapa A., Kampert K.H., Keilhauer B., Khakurdikar A.,
Kizakke Covilakam V.V., Klages H.O., Kleifges M., Kleinfeller J.,
Knapp F., Kunka N., Lago B.L., Langner N., Leigui de Oliveira M.A.,
Lenok V., Letessier-Selvon A., Lhenry-Yvon I., Lo Presti D., Lopes L.,
Lopez R., Lu L., Luce Q., Lundquist J.P., Machado Payeras A.,
Mancarella G., Mandat D., Manning B.C., Manshanden J., Mantsch P.,
Marafico S., Mariani F.M., Mariazzi A.G., Maris I.C., Marsella G.,
Martello D., Martinelli S., Martinez Bravo O., Mastrodicasa M.,
Mathes H.J., Matthews J., Matthiae G., Mayotte E., Mayotte S., Mazur P.O.,
Medina-Tanco G., Melo D., Menshikov A., Michal S., Micheletti M.I.,
Miramonti L., Mollerach S., Montanet F., Morejon L., Morello C.,
Mostafa M., Muller A.L., Muller M.A., Mulrey K., Mussa R., Muzio M.,
Namasaka W.M., Nasr-Esfahani A., Nellen L., Nicora G.,
Niculescu-Oglinzanu M., Niechciol M., Nitz D., Norwood I., Nosek D.,
Novotny V., Nozka L., Nucita A., Nunez L.A., Oliveira C., Palatka M.,
Pallotta J., Papenbreer P., Parente G., Parra A., Pawlowsky J., Pech M.,
Pekala J., Pelayo R., Pena-Rodriguez J., Pereira Martins E.E.,
Perez Armand J., Perez Bertolli C., Perrone L., Petrera S., Petrucci C.,
Pierog T., Pimenta M., Pirronello V., Platino M., Pont B., Pothast M.,
Privitera P., Prouza M., Puyleart A., Querchfeld S., Rautenberg J.,
Ravignani D., Reininghaus M., Ridky J., Riehn F., Risse M., Rizi V.,
Rodrigues de Carvalho W., Rodriguez Rojo J., Roncoroni M.J., Rossoni S.,
Roth M., Roulet E., Rovero A.C., Ruehl P., Saftoiu A., Saharan M.,
Salamida F., Salazar H., Salina G., Sanabria Gomez J.D., Sanchez F.,
Santos E.M., Santos E., Sarazin F., Sarmento R., Sato R., Savina P.,
Schafer C.M., Scherini V., Schieler H., Schimassek M., Schimp M.,
Schluter F., Schmidt D., Scholten O., Schoorlemmer H., Schovanek P.,
Schroder F.G., Schulte J., Schulz T., Sciutto S.J., Scornavacche M.,
Segreto A., Sehgal S., Shellard R.C., Sigl G., Silli G., Sima O., Smau R.,
Smida R., Sommers P., Soriano J.F., Squartini R., Stadelmaier M.,
Stanca D., Stanic S., Stasielak J., Stassi P., Straub M., Streich A.,
Suarez-Duran M., Sudholz T., Suomijarvi T., Supanitsky A.D.,
Szadkowski Z., Tapia A., Taricco C., Timmermans C., Tkachenko O.,
Tobiska P., Todero Peixoto C.J., Tome B., Torres Z., Travaini A.,
Travnicek P., Trimarelli C., Tueros M., Ulrich R., Unger M., Vaclavek L.,
Vacula M., Valdes Galicia J.F., Valore L., Varela E., Vasquez-Ramirez A.,
Veberic D., Ventura C., Vergara Quispe I.D., Verzi V., Vicha J., Vink J.,
Vorobiov S., Wahlberg H., Watanabe C., Watson A.A., Weindl A., Wiencke L.,
Wilczynski H., Wittkowski D., Wundheiler B., Yushkov A., Zapparrata O.,
Zas E., Zavrtanik D., Zavrtanik M., Zehrer L.,
The Pierre Auger Collaboration
<Astrophys. J., 935, 170 (2022)>
=2022ApJ...935..170A 2022ApJ...935..170A
ADC_Keywords: Galaxies; Clusters, galaxy
Keywords: Ultra-high-energy cosmic radiation ; Cosmic ray astronomy ;
Clustering ; Active galaxies ; Starburst galaxies
Abstract:
A promising energy range to look for angular correlations between
cosmic rays of extragalactic origin and their sources is at the
highest energies, above a few tens of EeV (1EeV∼1018eV). Despite the
flux of these particles being extremely low, the area of ∼3000km2
covered at the Pierre Auger Observatory, and the 17yr data-taking
period of the Phase1 of its operations, have enabled us to measure the
arrival directions of more than 2600 ultra- high-energy cosmic rays
above 32EeV. We publish this data set, the largest available at such
energies from an integrated exposure of 122000km2.sr.yr, and search
it for anisotropies over the 3.4π steradians covered with the
Observatory. Evidence for a deviation in excess of isotropy at
intermediate angular scales, with ∼15° Gaussian spread or ∼25°
top-hat radius, is obtained at the 4σ significance level for
cosmic-ray energies above ∼40EeV.
Description:
The Pierre Auger Observatory is located in Argentina near the town of
Malargue. Stable data acquisition began on 2004 January 1. The
Observatory is composed of a surface detector (SD) made of 1660
water-Cherenkov stations distributed on a triangular grid overlooked
by a fluorescence detector (FD). The FD consists of 27 telescopes at
four locations on the perimeter of the SD array.
Here, we analyse the events with reconstructed energies larger than
32EeV recorded with the SD array from 2004 January 1 to
2020 December 31.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 58 2635 The 2635 events above 32EeV collected at the
Pierre Auger Observatory between 1 January 2004
and 31 December 2020
table4.dat 117 44113 Galaxies (2MASS(K<11.75)xHyperLEDA)
table5.dat 93 44 *Starburst galaxies (Lunardini+ 2019)
table6.dat 125 523 Jetted and non-jetted AGNs (Swift-BAT 105 months)
table7.dat 112 26 Jetted AGNs (Fermi-LAT 3FHL)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on table5.dat: Lunardini+, 2019JCAP...10..073L 2019JCAP...10..073L.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
VIII/65 : 1.4GHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) (Condon+ 1998)
VII/233 : The 2MASS Extended sources (IPAC/UMass, 2003-2006)
J/AJ/126/1607 : IRAS Revised Bright Galaxy Sample (Sanders+, 2003)
J/ApJS/199/26 : The 2MASS Redshift Survey (2MRS) (Huchra+, 2012)
J/A+A/544/A18 : Radio galaxies of the local universe (van Velzen+, 2012)
J/ApJS/207/19 : Hard Xray survey from SwiftBAT 2004-2010 (Baumgartner+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/440/405 : Brightest galaxies in Local Volume (McCall, 2014)
J/ApJS/232/18 : The third Fermi-LAT >10GeV catalog (3FHL) (Ajello+, 2017)
J/ApJS/235/4 : The 105-month Swift-BAT all-sky hard X-ray survey (Oh+, 2018)
J/ApJS/256/15 : Revised GLADE & MANGROVE sample with HyperLEDA (Biteau, 2021)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 I4 yr Obs.Y [2004/2020] Observation year
6- 8 I3 d JD [1/365] Julian day of the year
10- 19 I10 s Time [1074514681/1609318675] Time of detection in
UTC seconds
21- 24 F4.1 deg theta [0.9/79.9] Zenith angle
26- 31 F6.1 deg phi [-179.9/180.0] Azimuth angle (1)
33- 37 F5.1 deg RAdeg [0/360] Right Ascension (J2000)
39- 43 F5.1 deg DEdeg [-90/44] Declination (J2000)
45- 49 F5.1 EeV E [32.0/165.5] Reconstructed energy
51- 58 F8.1 km2.sr.yr Exp [30.9/121420.0] Integrated exposure (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Measured counterclockwise from the east.
Note (2): Up to the time of detection.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 7 I7 --- PGC [2/6775350] PGC catalog identifier
9- 36 A28 --- Hyper HyperLEDA identifier
38- 65 A28 --- Counter Counterpart identifier
67- 68 A2 --- Type Object type
70- 75 F6.2 deg RAdeg [0/360] Right Ascension (J2000)
77- 82 F6.2 deg DEdeg [-90/90] Declination (J2000)
84- 88 F5.2 mag (m-M) [25.56/36.99] Distance modulus
90- 93 F4.2 mag e(m-M) [0.01/2.52] Uncertainty in (m-M)
95-100 F6.2 Mpc DLum [1.29/249.7] Luminosity distance
102-106 F5.3 Mpc e_DLum [0.002/1.161] Uncertainty in DLum
108-112 F5.2 mag Kmag [3.78/11.75] Apparent total K-band magnitude
114-117 F4.2 mag e_Kmag [0.0/1.46] Uncertainty in Kmag
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- Name Lunardini+, 2019JCAP...10..073L 2019JCAP...10..073L identifier
18- 27 A10 --- Hyper HyperLEDA identifier
29- 39 A11 --- Counter Counterpart identifier
41- 44 A4 --- Type Host type
46- 51 F6.2 deg RAdeg [3/350] Right Ascension (J2000)
53- 58 F6.2 deg DEdeg [-66/79] Declination (J2000)
60- 64 F5.2 mag (m-M) [26.62/35.18] Distance modulus
66- 69 F4.2 mag e(m-M) [0.01/1.72] Uncertainty in (m-M)
71- 76 F6.2 Mpc DLum [2.11/108.6] Luminosity distance
78- 82 F5.3 Mpc e_DLum [0.005/0.792] Uncertainty in DLum
84- 87 F4.2 Jy Flux [0.31/7.29] The 1.4GHz flux
89- 91 A3 Jy e_Flux Uncertainty in Flux (1)
93 A1 --- Flag In Pierre Auger +, 2018ApJ...853L..29A 2018ApJ...853L..29A (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): In this table there are no Flux uncertainties so these are left blank.
Note (2): Flags as follows:
Y = Yes, in the main sample;
X = Yes, in one of the cross-check samples (see Section 3.1);
N = No.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- BAT Swift-BAT 105 month catalog identifier
15- 37 A23 --- Hyper HyperLEDA identifier
39- 61 A23 --- Counter Counterpart identifier
63- 74 A12 --- Type AGN type
76- 81 F6.2 deg RAdeg [0/357] Right Ascension (J2000)
83- 88 F6.2 deg DEdeg [-87/82] Declination (J2000)
90- 94 F5.2 mag (m-M) [27.7/36.98] Distance modulus
96- 99 F4.2 mag e(m-M) [0.01/1.65] Uncertainty in (m-M)
101-106 F6.2 Mpc DLum [3.47/248.9] Luminosity distance
108-112 F5.3 Mpc e_DLum [0.005/0.76] Uncertainty in DLum
114-119 F6.1 10-12mW/m2 Flux [8.4/1346.3] The 14-195keV flux;
1e-12erg/s/cm2
121-123 A3 10-12mW/m2 e_Flux Uncertainty in Flux (1)
125 A1 --- r_(m-M) Reference flag for (m-M) (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): In this table there are no Flux uncertainties so these are left blank.
Note (2): Referenvces as follows:
H = HyperLEDA;
N = NED.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 13 A13 --- 3FHL Fermi-LAT 3FHL catalog identifier
15- 36 A22 --- Hyper HyperLEDA identifier
38- 57 A20 --- Counter Counterpart identifier
59- 61 A3 --- Type Jetted AGN type
63- 68 F6.2 deg RAdeg [22/357] Right Ascension (J2000)
70- 75 F6.2 deg DEdeg [-61/72] Declination (J2000)
77- 81 F5.2 mag (m-M) [27.83/36.91] Distance modulus
83- 86 F4.2 mag e(m-M) [0.03/0.29] Uncertainty in (m-M)
88- 93 F6.2 Mpc DLum [3.68/241.0] Luminosity distance
95- 99 F5.3 Mpc e_DLum [0.014/0.134] Uncertainty in DLum
101-105 F5.2 10-10/cm/s Flux [0.33/59.35] The 0.01-1 TeV flux
107-110 F4.2 10-10/cm/s e_Flux [0.12/1.38] Uncertainty in Flux
112 A1 --- Flag In Pierre Auger +, 2018ApJ...853L..29A 2018ApJ...853L..29A (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flags as follows:
Y = Yes;
N = No.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Coralie Fix [CDS], 10-Jun-2024