J/ApJ/937/46 Chandra obs. of the Trifid region & ARCoIRIS sp. (Kuhn+, 2022)
The effect of molecular cloud properties on the kinematics of stars formed in
the Trifid region
Kuhn M.A., Hillenbrand L.A., Feigelson E.D., Fowler I., Getman K.V.,
Broos P.S., Povich M.S., Gromadzki M.
<Astrophys. J., 937, 46 (2022)>
=2022ApJ...937...46K 2022ApJ...937...46K (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: X-ray sources; Molecular clouds; Photometry, infrared; Optical;
Proper motions; Parallaxes, trigonometric; Cross identifications;
Spectra, infrared; Stars, OB; YSOs; Clusters, open
Keywords: Astrometry; Giant molecular clouds; Star formation;
Stellar kinematics; X-ray astronomy
Abstract:
The dynamical states of molecular clouds may affect the properties of
the stars they form. In the vicinity of the Trifid Nebula
(d=1180±25pc), the main star cluster (Trifid Main) lies within an
expanding section of the molecular cloud; however, ∼0.3° to the
north (Trifid North), the cloud's velocity structure is more tranquil.
We acquired a Chandra X-ray observation to identify pre-main-sequence
stars in Trifid North, complementing a previous observation of Trifid
Main. In Trifid North, we identified 51 candidate pre-main-sequence
stars, of which 13 are high-confidence Trifid members based on Gaia
EDR3 parallaxes and proper motions. We also reanalyzed the membership
of Trifid Main and separated out multiple background stellar
associations. Trifid North represents a stellar population ∼10% as
rich as Trifid Main that formed in a separate part of the cloud. The
1D stellar velocity dispersion in Trifid North (0.6±0.2km/s) is
3 times lower than that in Trifid Main (1.9±0.2km/s). Furthermore,
in Trifid Main, proper motions indicate that the portion of the star
cluster superimposed on the optical nebula is expanding. Expansion of
the HII region around the O-star HD 164492A, and the resulting gas
expulsion, can explain both the motions of the stars and gas in Trifid
Main. Contrary to previous studies, we find no evidence that a
cloud-cloud collision triggered star formation in the region.
Description:
The Trifid North field was observed for ∼53.8ks (ObsID 21153;
PI M. Kuhn) by Chandra on 2019 July 29 using the Advanced CCD Imaging
Spectrometer (ACIS-I) in very faint mode. The aim point of the
observation was 18:02:20.20-22:40:02.00 with a roll angle of 269°.
All four ACIS-I chips were active during the observation, providing a
17'x17' field of view. See Section 2.1.
We crossmatched the Trifid North X-ray catalog to several optical and
infrared catalogs, including Gaia's early third data release (EDR3;
Cat. I/350), the Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS; Cat II/246),
the United Kingdom Infra-Red Telescope (UKIRT) Infrared Deep
Sky Survey (UKIDSS; Cat. II/319) with photometry from
King+ 2013 (Cat. J/ApJS/209/28), and Spitzer's Galactic Legacy
Infrared Mid-Plane Survey Extraordinaire (GLIMPSE; Cat. II/293).
Crossmatching is performed by STILTS using a 1.2" match radius.
See Section 2.2.
Our Chandra/ACIS-I X-ray observation of the Trifid North field covers
a ∼34pc2 region 0.3° to north of Trifid Main. Out of 148 X-ray
sources, 51 can be considered possible members, of which 13 sources
with high-precision Gaia astrometry can be considered high-confidence
members of the Trifid complex.
The membership of young stars in the Trifid region is confused by the
presence of two other stellar associations located behind Trifid. A
loose grouping of stars (G7.4-0.2), identifiable due to their
clustering in proper-motion space, spans the eastern edge of our
Chandra Trifid North field, and a few of these stars are also detected
in the X-ray. However, the estimated distance of 1310pc places
G7.4-0.2 behind Trifid. The second group is made up of the
infrared-excess SPICY stars that are projected in the Trifid North
field. These stars have parallaxes indicating that they are far behind
the Trifid Nebula (≳2.7pc).
Several candidate massive stars are projected in the vicinity of
Trifid North. We have spectroscopically confirmed the massive nature
of several of these objects, but we argue, they are most likely
located in the background of the Trifid Complex.
Spectroscopic observations were made using the ARCoIRIS spectrograph
on the Blanco Telescope at CTIO on 2016 March 21-22, which provided
spectral coverage from 9500-24700Å at R∼3500 resolution.
We also obtained an ARCoIRIS spectrum of [GKF2010] MN68
(18:02.22R.340-22:38:00.24; J=13.6mag, H=11.1mag, Ks=9.6mag) with a
total integration time of 22 minutes at an airmass of 1.28.
See Appendix B.
Objects:
-------------------------------------------------------------------
RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
-------------------------------------------------------------------
18 02 42.0 -22 58 18 Trifid Main = M20
18 02 20.2 -22 40 02 Trifid North = M20
18 03 02.52 -22 39 19.1 G7.4-0.2 = GAL 007.4-00.2
18 02 41.21 -22 49 04.6 2MASS J18024119-2249048 = TIC 111079045
18 02 47.59 -22 48 20.6 2MASS J18024758-2248205 = TIC 111078805
18 02 50.44 -22 48 50.1 2MASS J18025044-2248501 = TIC 111352165
18 02 22.34 -22 38 00.2 [GKF2010] MN68 = 2MASS J18022233-2238002
-------------------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 124 143 X-ray source properties (Trifid North)
table2.dat 334 51 X-ray-selected Trifid North member candidates
table3.dat 362 515 *Revised members of Trifid Main
table4.dat 116 232 Gaia members of G7.4-0.2
sp/* . 3 *Individual rectified ARCoIRIS spectra of the
three OB stars (2MASS J18024119-2249048,
J18024758-2248205 and J18025044-2248501)
in ASCII format (data behind Figure 17)
fig18.dat 39 6988 *Rectified near-infrared spectrum of the evolved
massive star [GKF2010] MN68
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on table3.dat: Candidate members of Trifid Main with reevaluated membership
classifications and revised X-ray properties using the updated
distance estimate of 1180pc. Out of the 532 candidate from
Broos+ 2013, J/ApJS/209/32, 17 are rejected as nonmembers (not
included in this table), and 515 are retained as possible members
(listed here), 149 of which are deemed high-confidence members (i.e.,
labeled "A" in Column "Mm").
Note on sp/*: Observations were made on 2016-03-21 with the ARCoIRIS
spectrograph on the Blanco Telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American
Observatory. Spectra are reported with vacuum wavelengths. Data were
reduced using a modified version of Spextool v4.1, using the A0 star
HD 159415 for telluric correction and flux calibration.
Note on fig18.dat: Observations were made on 2016-03-22 with the ARCoIRIS
spectrograph on the Blanco Telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American
Observatory. Spectra are reported with vacuum wavelengths. Data were
reduced using a modified version of Spextool v4.1, using the A0 star
HD 159415 for telluric correction and flux calibration.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
B/chandra : The Chandra Archive Log (CXC, 1999-2014)
VIII/58 : A Survey of Radio H II Regions in the Northern Sky (Lockman+ 1989)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
II/293 : GLIMPSE Source Catalog (I + II + 3D) (IPAC 2008)
II/319 : UKIDSS-DR9 LAS, GCS and DXS Surveys (Lawrence+ 2012)
I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
J/ApJ/607/904 : Chandra obs. of Trifid nebula (Rho+, 2004)
J/ApJS/160/319 : COUP: observations and source lists (Getman+, 2005)
J/ApJS/161/154 : Near-IR spectral atlas of OB stars (Hanson+, 2005)
J/ApJ/643/965 : Spitzer photometry of the Trifid nebula (M20) (Rho+, 2006)
J/A+A/492/277 : Analysis of Collinder 69 stars with VOSA (Bayo+, 2008)
J/ApJ/708/1760 : Flux estimations of faint X-ray sources (Getman+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/405/1047 : MIPS 24um nebulae (Gvaramadze+, 2010)
J/ApJS/209/27 : MYStIX: the Chandra X-ray sources (Kuhn+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/28 : MYStIX Wide-Field NIR data: crowded fields (King+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/29 : MYStIX: Mid-IR observations and catalogs (Kuhn+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/30 : MYStIX project: Bayesian matching (Naylor+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/31 : The MYStIX IR-Excess Source catalog (MIRES) (Povich+, 2013)
J/ApJS/209/32 : Probable young stars in the MYStIX project (Broos+, 2013)
J/ApJ/787/107 : Spatial structure of young stellar clusters. I. (Kuhn+, 2014)
J/ApJS/213/1 : The MSFRs Omnibus X-ray Catalog (MOXC) (Townsley+, 2014)
J/ApJ/802/60 : Structure of young stellar clusters. II. (Kuhn+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/452/2858 : NIR spectroscopy of Galactic WR stars. III (Kanarek+, 2015)
J/ApJ/838/61 : Candidate X-ray OB stars in MYStIX regions (Povich+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/87 : Stellar pop. of the young star cluster NGC 6231 (Kuhn+, 2017)
J/AJ/156/18 : APOGEE DR14: companions of evolved stars (Price-Whelan+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/477/5191 : Galactic young stellar cluster lifetimes (Richert+, 2018)
J/A+A/620/A172 : Solar neighbourhood young stars 3D mapping (Zari+, 2018)
J/ApJ/870/32 : Kinematics in young star clusters & associations (Kuhn+, 2019)
J/A+A/625/A135 : Gal. interstellar dust Gaia-2MASS 3D maps (Lallement+, 2019)
J/A+A/626/A17 : Young population in Vela-Puppis region (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/486/2477 : Catalogue of members of NGC 6530 (Wright+, 2019)
J/ApJS/244/28 : The 3rd MSFRs Omnibus X-ray Catalog (MOXC3) (Townsley+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/489/5669 : MiMeS Magnetic properties of O-type stars (Petit+, 2019)
J/A+A/633/A51 : Distances to molecular clouds in SFR (Zucker+, 2020)
J/ApJ/899/128 : Members of NGC 7000/IC 5070 Complex (Kuhn+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/500/3064 : The SEDIGISM survey: First Data Release (Schuller+, 2021)
J/ApJ/912/162 : Open clusters in solar neighborhood (Pang+, 2021)
J/ApJS/254/33 : Gal. midplane Spitzer/IRAC cand. YSOs (SPICY) (Kuhn+, 2021)
J/ApJ/917/21 : Stellar kinematics in Orion Complex with Gaia (Swiggum+, 2021)
J/ApJ/917/23 : SPYGLASS. I. Mapping young stellar structures (Kerr+, 2021)
J/ApJ/921/81 : M20 young stellar population (Kalari, 2021)
J/AJ/162/282 : Untangling Gal. III. Pre-main-sequence stars (Mcbride+, 2021)
J/A+A/661/A147 : Gal. interstellar dust Gaia-2MASS 3D maps (Lallement+, 2022)
J/ApJ/935/43 : X-ray Sources Towards 10 Open Clusters (Getman+, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- CXOU Source name (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS) (CXOU)
18- 28 F11.7 deg RAdeg [270.4/270.8] Right ascension (J2000) (ra)
30- 40 F11.7 deg DEdeg [-23/-22.5] Declination (J2000) (dec)
42- 46 F5.3 arcsec errPos [0.06/1.02] Positional uncertainty (pos_error)
48- 50 I3 ct SCt [3/448]? Number of counts in the extraction
aperture for the total (0.5-8.0keV) band (sc_t)
52- 54 I3 ct SCh [1/227]? Number of counts in the extraction
aperture for the hard (2-8keV) band (sc_h)
56- 61 F6.2 ct NCt [2.6/437] Background-subtracted net counts in
the total (0.5-8.0keV) band (nc_t)
63- 68 F6.2 ct NCh [-1.1/219] Background-subtracted net counts in
the hard (2-8keV) band (nc_h)
70- 73 F4.1 arcmin theta [0.7/11.1] Off-axis angle (theta)
75- 82 E8.3 --- PB [0/0.008] Probability of producing the
observed source counts as a fluctuation of the
background level (probNoSrc)
84- 90 E7.2 --- Pks [0/1]? Probability of producing the observed
Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic from a
nonvariable source (∼0:light-curve variability)
(pks)
92- 95 F4.2 keV ME2019 [0.9/6.8] Median energy (total band) as
observed in 2019 (me_2019)
97- 100 F4.2 keV MEcorr [0.8/6.8] Median energy (total band) with the
correction from Appendix C (me_corr)
102- 107 F6.2 mW/m2 logFt [-14.8/-12.6]? X-ray flux in the total
(0.5-8.0keV) band (logFt) (1)
109- 112 F4.2 mW/m2 e_logFt [0.02/0.5] logFt uncertainty (e_logFt)
114- 119 F6.2 mW/m2 logFh [-15.2/-12.7]? X-ray flux in the hard (2-8keV)
band (logFh) (1)
121- 124 F4.2 mW/m2 e_logFh [0.03/0.6] logFh uncertainty (e_logFh)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): X-ray flux in the total and hard bands calculated using
Equations (8)-(9) in Broos+ 2010ApJ...714.1582B 2010ApJ...714.1582B
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- CXOU Source name (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS) (CXOU)
18- 22 F5.2 cm-2 logNH [20/23.2]? X-ray absorption as log of
hydrogen column density (lognh)
24- 27 F4.2 cm-2 e_logNH [0.1/1.4]? logNH uncertainty (e_lognh)
29- 33 F5.2 [10-7W] logLx [29.5/32]? Absorption-corrected log of X-ray
luminosity in the 0.5-8.0keV band in erg/s
35- 38 F4.2 [10-7W] e_logLx [0.06/0.6]? logLx uncertainty (e_loglx)
40 A1 --- Mm [A-C] Flag indicating kinematic membership
(f_mem) (1)
42- 50 A9 --- --- [Gaia EDR3]
52- 70 I19 --- GaiaEDR3 Gaia EDR3 identifier (GaiaEDR3)
72- 86 F15.11 deg RAdeg [270.47/270.73] Right ascension (ICRS)
at Ep=2016.0 of the Gaia EDR3 counterpart
(ra_GaiaEDR3)
88- 102 F15.11 deg DEdeg [-22.8/-22.5] Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0
of the Gaia EDR3 counterpart (dec_GaiaEDR3)
104- 110 F7.4 mas plx [-1.7/4]? Gaia EDR3 parallax
(parallax_GaiaEDR3)
112- 119 F8.6 mas e_plx [0.019/2]? plx uncertainty
(eparallaxGaiaEDR3)
121- 129 F9.6 mas ZP [-0.07/0.01]? Gaia DR3 parallax zero-point
estimate
131- 137 F7.4 mas plxCorr [-1.62/4]? Zero-point-corrected parallax
(parallax_corr)
139- 144 F6.3 mas/yr pmRA [-6.6/1.3]? Gaia EDR3 proper motion in RA
(pmRA*cosDE) (pmra_GaiaEDR3)
146- 150 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.02/1.6]? pmRA uncertainty
(epmraGaiaEDR3)
152- 157 F6.3 mas/yr pmDE [-8/2.6]? Gaia EDR3 proper motion in DEC
(pmdec_GaiaEDR3)
159- 163 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.01/1.2]? pmDE uncertainty
(epmdecGaiaEDR3)
165- 171 F7.4 mag Gmag [11.34/20.72]? Gaia EDR3 G-band magnitude (G)
173- 179 F7.4 mag BPmag [11.4/22.2]? Gaia EDR3 BP-band magnitude (BP)
181- 187 F7.4 mag RPmag [11.2/19.5]? Gaia EDR3 RP-band magnitude (RP)
189- 197 F9.6 --- RUWE [0.89/10.41]? Gaia EDR3 renormalized unit
weight error (RUWE)
199- 206 F8.6 mas epsi [0/4.2] Gaia EDR3 astrometric excess
noise (aen)
208- 215 F8.6 mas amax [0.029/5.5] The longest semi-major axis of
the Gaia EDR3 astrometric error ellipse
(sigma5d_max)
217- 225 F9.5 deg RAUdeg ? Right ascension (ICRS) of the UKIDSS
counterpart (ra_UKIDSS) (2)
227- 236 F10.6 deg DEUdeg ? Declination (ICRS) of the UKIDSS
counterpart (dec_UKIDSS) (2)
238- 243 F6.3 mag Jmag [11.41/17.23]? UKIDSS J-band magnitude (J)
245- 249 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.006/0.03]? Uncertainty on Jmag (e_J)
251- 252 A2 --- f_Jmag [OV] Flag on Jmag (f_J) (3)
254- 259 F6.3 mag Hmag [12.19/16.6]? UKIDSS H-band magnitude (H)
261- 265 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.005/0.06]? Uncertainty on Hmag (e_H)
267- 268 A2 --- f_Hmag [O] Flag on Hmag (f_H) (3)
270- 275 F6.3 mag Ksmag [10.66/16.02]? UKIDSS Ks-band magnitude (K)
277- 281 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag [0.006/0.04]? Uncertainty on Ksmag (e_K)
283- 284 A2 --- f_Ksmag [OV] Flag on Ksmag (f_K) (3)
286- 290 A5 --- --- [2MASS]
292- 308 A17 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
310- 316 A7 --- --- [SSTGLMC]
318- 334 A17 --- SSTGLMC Spitzer identifier (GLLL.llll+BB.bbbb)
(Spitzer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Kinematic member classes include the following:
A = source is a high-confidence member of the Trifid Nebula region
(13 occurrences)
B = source is a member of the group likely associated with G7.4-0.2
(5 occurrences)
C = source is likely to be an unrelated field star (8 occurrences)
Objects without flags lack Gaia astrometry of sufficient precision to
determine kinematic group.
Note (2): UKIDSS sources in King+ (2013, J/ApJS/209/28) are not given
designations, so coordinates are used to identify them instead.
Note (3): Only photometry with "OO" (good) or "OV" (variable) flags is included.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 A4 --- --- [MPCM]
6- 24 A19 --- MPCM MPCM identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s) (MPCM)
26- 34 F9.5 deg RAdeg [270.46/270.8] Right ascension (J2000) from
Broos+ 2013, J/ApJS/209/32 (ra_MPCM)
36- 44 F9.5 deg DEdeg [-23.12/-22.78] Declination (J2000) from
Broos+ 2013, J/ApJS/209/32 (dec_MPCM)
46- 50 F5.2 cm-2 logNH [20/24]? X-ray absorption as log of
hydrogen column density (logNH)
52- 55 F4.2 cm-2 e_logNH [0.09/1.3]? logNH uncertainty (e_logNH)
57- 61 F5.2 [10-7W] logLx [29.3/32]? Absorption-corrected log of
X-ray luminosity in the 0.5-8.0keV band
63- 66 F4.2 [10-7W] e_logLx [0.02/0.9]? logLx uncertainty (e_logLx)
68 A1 --- Mm [A] "A"=flag indicating high-confidence
kinematic membership (149 occurrences)
(f_kin)
70- 78 A9 --- --- [GaiaEDR3 ]
80- 98 I19 --- GaiaEDR3 ? Gaia EDR3 identifier (GaiaEDR3)
100- 114 F15.11 deg RAGdeg ? Right ascension (ICRS) of the Gaia EDR3
counterpart (ra_GaiaEDR3)
116- 130 F15.11 deg DEGdeg ? Declination (ICRS) of the Gaia EDR3
counterpart (dec_GaiaEDR3)
132- 138 F7.4 mas plx [-5/5.1]? Gaia EDR3 parallax
(parallax_GaiaEDR3)
140- 145 F6.4 mas e_plx [0.019/1.7]? plx uncertainty
(eparallaxGaiaEDR3)
147- 155 F9.6 mas ZP [-0.07/0.02]? Gaia DR3 parallax zero-point
estimate (zp)
157- 163 F7.4 mas plxCorr [-5/5.1]? Zero-point-corrected parallax
(parallax_corr)
165- 170 F6.3 mas/yr pmRA [-6.2/7.7]? Gaia EDR3 proper motion in RA
(pmRA*cosDE) (pmra_GaiaEDR3)
172- 176 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.02/1.7]? pmRA uncertainty
(epmraGaiaEDR3)
178- 183 F6.3 mas/yr pmDE [-9.3/5]? Gaia DR3 proper motion in DEC
(pmdec_GaiaEDR3)
185- 189 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.01/1.2]? pmDE uncertainty
(epmdecGaiaEDR3)
191- 197 F7.4 mag Gmag [7.5/21]? Gaia EDR3 G-band magnitude (G)
199- 205 F7.4 mag BPmag [7.5/22.4]? Gaia EDR3 BP-band magnitude (BP)
207- 213 F7.4 mag RPmag [7.4/20.7]? Gaia EDR3 RP-band magnitude (RP)
215- 223 F9.6 --- RUWE [0.73/32]? Gaia EDR3 renormalized unit
weight error (ruwe)
225- 232 F8.6 mas epsi [0/9]? Gaia EDR3 astrometric excess noise
(aen)
234- 244 F11.4 mas amax [0.028/230753]? The longest semi-major axis
of the Gaia EDR3 astrometric error ellipse
(sigma5d_max)
246- 254 F9.5 deg RAUdeg ? Right ascension (ICRS) of the UKIDSS
counterpart (ra_ukidss)
256- 264 F9.5 deg DEUdeg ? Declination (ICRS) of the UKIDSS
counterpart (dec_ukidss)
266- 271 F6.3 mag Jmag [11.74/24.27]? UKIDSS J-band magnitude
(J_ukidss)
273- 277 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.005/2.6]? Uncertainty on Jmag
(eJukidss)
279- 280 A2 --- f_Jmag [OV] Flag on Jmag (fJukidss)
282- 287 F6.3 mag Hmag [11.48/22.73]? UKIDSS H-band magnitude
(H_ukidss)
289- 293 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.005/2.1]? Uncertainty on Hmag
(eHukidss)
295- 296 A2 --- f_Hmag [OV] Flag on Hmag (fHukidss)
298- 303 F6.3 mag Ksmag [10.2/17.4]? UKIDSS Ks-band magnitude
(K_ukidss)
305- 309 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag [0.005/0.1]? Uncertainty on Ksmag
(eKukidss)
311- 312 A2 --- f_Ksmag [OV] Flag on Ksmag (fKukidss)
314- 318 A5 --- --- [2MASS]
320- 336 A17 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (JHHMMSSss+DDMMSSs)
338- 344 A7 --- --- [SSTGLMC]
346- 362 A17 --- SSTGLMC Spitzer identifier (GLLL.llll+BB.bbbb)
(Spitzer)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 A9 --- --- [GaiaEDR3 ]
11- 29 I19 --- GaiaEDR3 Gaia EDR3 identifier (GaiaEDR3)
31- 41 F11.7 deg RAdeg [270.34/271.22] Gaia EDR3 right ascension
(ICRS) (ra)
43- 53 F11.7 deg DEdeg [-23.2/-22.3] Gaia EDR3 declination (ICRS)
(dec)
55- 60 F6.4 mas plxCorr [0.64/0.91] Zero-point-corrected parallax
(parallax_corr)
62- 67 F6.4 mas e_plxCorr [0.01/0.4] plxCorr uncertainty
(parallax_error)
69- 73 F5.3 mas/yr pmRA [0.4/0.9] Gaia EDR3 proper motion in RA
(pmRA*cosDE) (pmra)
75- 79 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.01/0.4] pmRA uncertainty (pmra_error)
81- 86 F6.3 mas/yr pmDE [-3/-2.3] Gaia EDR3 proper motion in DEC
(pmdec)
88- 92 F5.3 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.01/0.3] pmDE uncertainty (pmdec_error)
94- 100 F7.4 mag Gmag [9.96/19.3] Gaia EDR3 G-band magnitude
(photgmean_mag)
102- 108 F7.4 mag BPmag [10.3/20.7]? Gaia EDR3 BP magnitude
(photbpmean_mag)
110- 116 F7.4 mag RPmag [9.4/18.2]? Gaia EDR3 RP magnitude
(photrpmean_mag)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: sp/*
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 F10.8 um lambda [0.8/2.5] Wavelength
12- 25 E14.7 cW/m2/nm S [-8.2e-13/1.5e-12]? Flux density,
in erg/s/cm2/Å units
27- 39 E13.7 cW/m2/nm e_S [1.4e-17/5.1e-11]? Error in S
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: fig18.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 10 F10.8 um lambda [0.94/2.5] Wavelength
12- 25 E14.7 cW/m2/nm S [-1.1e-13/1.6e-12]? Flux density,
in erg/s/cm2/Å units
27- 39 E13.7 cW/m2/nm e_S [6.6e-18/1.2e-10]? Error in S
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 09-Aug-2024