J/ApJ/938/73 Follow-up phot. and sp. of 4 SNe Icn (Pellegrino+, 2022)
The diverse properties of Type Icn supernovae point to multiple progenitor
channels.
Pellegrino C., Howell D.A., Terreran G., Arcavi I., Bostroem K.A.,
Brown P.J., Burke J., Dong Y., Gilkis A., Hiramatsu D., Hosseinzadeh G.,
McCully C., Modjaz M., Newsome M., Gonzalez E.P., Pritchard T.A.,
Sand D.J., Valenti S., Williamson M.
<Astrophys. J., 938, 73 (2022)>
=2022ApJ...938...73P 2022ApJ...938...73P
ADC_Keywords: Supernovae; Photometry, UBVRI; Spectra, optical
Keywords: Supernovae ; Core-collapse supernovae ; Circumstellar matter
Abstract:
We present a sample of Type Icn supernovae (SNe Icn), a newly
discovered class of transients characterized by their interaction with
H- and He-poor circumstellar material (CSM). This sample is the
largest collection of SNe Icn to date and includes observations of two
published objects (SN 2019hgp and SN 2021csp) and two objects not yet
published in the literature (SN 2019jc and SN 2021ckj). The SNe Icn
display a range of peak luminosities, rise times, and decline rates,
as well as diverse late-time spectral features. To investigate their
explosion and progenitor properties, we fit their bolometric light
curves to a semianalytical model consisting of luminosity inputs from
circumstellar interaction and radioactive decay of 56Ni. We infer
low ejecta masses (≲2M☉) and 56Ni masses (≲0.04M☉)
from the light curves, suggesting that normal stripped-envelope
supernova (SESN) explosions within a dense CSM cannot be the
underlying mechanism powering SNe Icn. Additionally, we find that an
estimate of the star formation rate density at the location of
SN2019jc lies at the lower end of a distribution of SESNe, in conflict
with a massive star progenitor of this object. Based on its estimated
ejecta mass, 56Ni mass, and explosion site properties, we suggest a
low-mass, ultra-stripped star as the progenitor of SN 2019jc. For
other SNe Icn, we suggest that a Wolf-Rayet star progenitor may better
explain their observed properties. This study demonstrates that
multiple progenitor channels may produce SNe Icn and other
interaction-powered transients.
Description:
Two objects in our sample --SN 2019hgp and SN 2021csp-- have been
closely studied in previous works (Fraser+ 2021arXiv210807278F 2021arXiv210807278F;
Gal-Yam+ 2022, J/other/Nat/601.201; Perley+ 2022, J/ApJ/927/180).
We add observations of two other SNe Icn, primarily obtained with Las
Cumbres Observatory (LCO).
LCO UBgVri-band images were obtained using the SBIG and Sinistro
cameras on LCO 0.4m and 1.0m telescopes, respectively.
We also include publicly available Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last
Alert System (ATLAS) and Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) photometry in
our analyses, when possible. ATLAS photometry was obtained from the
forced photometry server for SN 2019jc, and ZTF alert photometry was
obtained for SN 2019hgp, SN 2021ckj, and SN2021csp. See Section 2.2.
LCO spectra were obtained using the FLOYDS spectrographs on the 2.0m
Faulkes Telescope North and Faulkes Telescope South. Spectra cover a
wavelength range of 3500-10000Å at a resolution R∼300-600.
A spectrum of SN 2019jc around maximum light was obtained using the
the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (LRIS) on the Keck I 10m
telescope in the wavelength range 3200-10000Å.
Additionally, spectra of SN 2021ckj and SN 2021csp were obtained using
the Goodman High Throughput Spectrograph on the Southern Astrophysical
Research (SOAR) 4.1m telescope in the wavelength range 5000-9000Å.
See Section 2.4.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table12.dat 101 4 SN Icn discovery information (Table 1) and
SN Icn light-curve properties (Table 2)
tablea1.dat 111 120 Optical photometry
tablea2.dat 64 29 Blackbody parameters
tablea3.dat 126 14 Log of spectroscopic observations
fits/* . 10 Individual spectra in FITS format; as downloaded
from WISeREP (2012PASP..124..668Y 2012PASP..124..668Y) -
http://www.wiserep.org/
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
II/183 : UBVRI Photometric Standards (Landolt 1992)
J/other/Sci/337.444 : RV curves of Galactic massive O stars (Sana+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/436/774 : Core collapse supernovae (type Ibc) (Eldridge+, 2013)
J/ApJ/769/39 : SNIbn PS1-12sk optical and NIR light curves (Sanders+, 2013)
J/ApJ/794/23 : Pan-STARRS1 transients optical photometry (Drout+, 2014)
J/A+A/574/A60 : Light curve templates of SNe Ib/c from SDSS (Taddia+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/459/3939 : Type II supernova light curves (Valenti+, 2016)
J/ApJ/851/107 : iPTF 16asu photometry follow-up (Whitesides+, 2017)
J/other/Sci/362.201 : iPTF 14gqr (SN 2014ft) photometry (De+, 2018)
J/ApJ/855/107 : PMAS SN hosts COmpilation (PISCO) (Galbany+, 2018)
J/ApJ/887/169 : UV-Opt light curves of the type Ic SN 2018gep (Ho+, 2019)
J/A+A/624/A66 : Massive runaway and walkaway stars models (Renzo+, 2019)
J/ApJ/903/43 : Kinematics of OB stars (Dorigo Jones+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/271 : Galaxies with ALFALFA-SDSS (Durbala+, 2020)
J/ApJ/900/46 : UV, opt. & IR LCs of supernova SN2019dge (Yao+, 2020)
J/ApJ/915/121 : Type Ic SN2018gep phot. & sp. follow-up (Pritchard+, 2021)
J/ApJS/255/29 : PTF core-collapse SN host-galaxy sample. I. (Schulze+, 2021)
J/ApJ/910/42 : LCs & spectroscopic observations of AT2018cow (Xiang+, 2021)
J/other/Nat/601.201 : Photometry of SN 2019hgp (Gal-Yam+, 2022)
J/ApJ/927/10 : Photometry follow-up of 3 core-collapse SNe (Irani+, 2022)
J/ApJ/926/125 : Fast-evolving SNIbn with LCO LCs & sp. (Pellegrino+, 2022)
J/ApJ/927/180 : Type Icn SN2021csp photometry & spectra (Perley+, 2022)
http://www.wiserep.org/ : WISeREP homepage
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table12.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 A2 --- --- [SN]
4- 10 A7 --- SN SN identifier (YYYYaaa)
12- 18 F7.5 --- z [0.019/0.15] Redshift
20- 29 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
30- 39 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
41- 48 F8.2 d MJD-last [58489.27/59254.53] Last date of
non-detection, MJD
50- 57 F8.2 d MJD-first [58491.2/59256.5] First date of detection,
MJD
59- 63 A5 --- Inst Discovery group ("ATLAS" or "ZTF")
65- 67 F3.1 d t1/2r Time to rise from half the peak
luminosity to peak; t1/2,rise (1)
69- 71 F3.1 d e_t1/2r t1/2r uncertainty
73- 79 F7.1 d tmax Time of g-band peak brightness; tmax,g (1)
81- 83 F3.1 d e_tmax tmax uncertainty
85- 89 F5.1 mag gMagPk g-band peak absolute magnitude; Mpeak,g;
K-corrected
91- 93 F3.1 mag e_gMagPk gMagPk uncertainty
95- 97 F3.1 d t1/2d Time to decline from peak to half the peak
brightness; t1/2,decline (1)
99- 101 F3.1 d e_t1/2d t1/2d uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Observer frame.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 A2 --- --- [SN]
4- 10 A7 --- SN SN identifier (YYYYaaa)
12- 18 F7.1 d MJD [58491.2/59311] Modified Julian date of
observation (JD-2400000.5)
20- 24 F5.2 mag Umag [16.6/19.5]? U-band Vega magnitude
26- 29 F4.2 mag e_Umag [0.04/0.4]? Uncertainty in Umag
31- 35 F5.2 mag Bmag [17.5/23.7]? B-band Vega magnitude
37- 40 F4.2 mag e_Bmag [0.03/0.5]? Uncertainty in Bmag
42- 46 F5.2 mag gmag [17.4/22.4]? g-band AB magnitude
48- 51 F4.2 mag e_gmag [0.01/0.4]? Uncertainty in gmag
53- 56 F4.1 mag cmag [18.0]? c-band AB magnitude
58- 61 F4.2 mag e_cmag [0.15]? Uncertainty in cmag
63- 67 F5.2 mag Vmag [17.5/22.6]? V-band Vega magnitude
69- 72 F4.2 mag e_Vmag [0.03/0.6]? Uncertainty in Vmag
74- 78 F5.2 mag rmag [17.5/21.9]? r-band AB magnitude
80- 83 F4.2 mag e_rmag [0.02/0.4]? Uncertainty in rmag
85- 89 F5.2 mag omag [17.7/18.4]? o-band AB magnitude
91- 94 F4.2 mag e_omag [0.08/0.3]? Uncertainty in omag
96-100 F5.2 mag imag [17.7/22.9]? i-band AB magnitude
102-105 F4.2 mag e_imag [0.04/0.5]? Uncertainty in imag
107-111 A5 --- Tel Telescope ("LCO", "ZTF" or "ATLAS")
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 A2 --- --- [SN]
4- 10 A7 --- SN SN identifier (YYYYaaa)
12- 16 F5.2 d Phase [-5.01/30.3] Phase relative to g-band
maximum light
18- 22 F5.2 [10-7W] logLbol [42/44.2] log, bolometric luminosity, erg/s
24- 27 F4.2 [10-7W] E_logLbol [0.04/0.6] Upper uncertainty, logLbol
29- 32 F4.2 [10-7W] e_logLbol [0.04/0.3] Lower uncertainty, logLbol
34- 38 I5 K Teff [6000/28700] Effective temperature
40- 43 I4 K E_Teff [200/6900] Upper uncertainty, Teff
45- 48 I4 K e_Teff [100/6900] Lower uncertainty, Teff
50- 54 F5.2 cm logRbb [14.2/15.3] log, black-body radius
56- 59 F4.2 cm E_logRbb [0.01/0.3] Upper uncertainty, logRbb
61- 64 F4.2 cm e_logRbb [0.01/0.5] Lower uncertainty, logRbb
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 A2 --- --- [SN]
4- 10 A7 --- SN SN identifier (YYYYaaa)
12- 30 A19 "datime" Date Date of observation (UT)
32- 35 F4.1 d Phase [-2.4/22.4] Phase relative to g-band maximum
light
37- 55 A19 --- Inst Facility/Instrument
57- 60 I4 s Exp [1200/3600] Exposure time
62- 71 A10 0.1nm Range Wavelength range in Å
73-126 A54 --- File Name of the FITS file in subdirectory "fits";
as downloaded from
WISeREP (2012PASP..124..668Y 2012PASP..124..668Y)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Pellegrino, Craig Michael [cmp5cr at virginia.edu]
History:
From electronic version of the journal for tables;
Spectra downloaded from WISeREP: http://www.wiserep.org/
* 08-Oct-2024: Insert into VizieR
* 25-Oct-2024: 4 FITS spectra added; sent by the author
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 23-Aug-2024