J/ApJ/943/L15 SN 2021zby optical light curves and spectra (Wang+, 2023)
Revealing the progenitor of SN 2021zby through analysis of the TESS shock-
cooling light curve.
Wang Q., Armstrong P., Zenati Y., Ridden-Harper R., Rest A., Arcavi I.,
Kilpatrick C.D., Foley R.J., Tucker B.E., Lidman C., Killestein T.L.,
Shahbandeh M., Anderson J.P., Angulo R., Ashall C., Burke J., Chen T.-W.,
von Coelln S., Dalrymple K.A., Davis K.W., Fulton M.D., Galbany L.,
Gonzalez E.P., Gao B., Gromadzki M., Howell D.A., Ihanec N., Jencson J.E.,
Jones D.O., Lyman J.D., McCully C., Muller-Bravo T.E., Newsome M.,
Nicholl M., O'Neill D., Pellegrino C., Rest S., Smartt S.J., Smith K.,
Srivastav S., Terreran G., Tinyanont S., Young D.R., Zenteno A.
<Astrophys. J., 943, L15 (2023)>
=2023ApJ...943L..15W 2023ApJ...943L..15W
ADC_Keywords: Supernovae; Photometry; Optical; Spectra, optical;
Spectra, infrared
Keywords: Core-collapse supernovae ; Supernovae
Abstract:
We present early observations and analysis of the double-peaked Type
IIb supernova (SN IIb) SN 2021zby. TESS captured the prominent early
shock-cooling peak of SN 2021zby within the first ∼10 days after
explosion with a 30 minute cadence. We present optical and
near-infrared spectral series of SN 2021zby, including three spectra
during the shock-cooling phase. Using a multiband model fit, we find
that the inferred properties of its progenitor are consistent with a
red supergiant or yellow supergiant, with an envelope mass of
∼0.30-0.65M☉ and an envelope radius of ∼120-300R☉. These
inferred progenitor properties are similar to those of other SNe IIb
with a double-peaked feature, such as SNe 1993J, 2011dh, 2016gkg, and
2017jgh. This study further validates the importance of the high
cadence and early coverage in resolving the shape of the shock-cooling
light curve, while the multiband observations, particularly UV, are
also necessary to fully constrain the progenitor properties.
Description:
ATLAS observed SN 2021zby throughout the preexplosion and
double-peaked stage in the o band, and also in the postpeak stage in
both o and c bands. We also obtained ground-based photometric
follow-up in the postpeak stage with DECam on the Cerro Tololo
Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) 4-m Blanco telescope in the r and i
bands.
TESS observed SN 2021zby in full-frame images (FFIs) for sectors 42,
43, and 44, at a 10 minute cadence.
In addition, we obtained optical spectra from multiple ground-based
observatories including the Wide-Field Spectrograph (WiFeS) on the
2.3m telescope at Siding Spring Observatory (SSO), the IDS long-slit
spectrograph on the 2.5m Isaac Newton Telescope (INT), the Kast
spectrograph on the 3m Shane Telescope at Lick Observatory, the ESO
Faint Object Spectrograph and Camera (EFOSC2) on the ESO New
Technology Telescope (NTT, as part of the ePESSTO+ survey;
Smartt+ 2015, J/A+A/579/A40), the Spectrograph for the Rapid
Acquisition of Transients (SPRAT) on the Liverpool Telescope, and the
Las Cumbres Observatory FLOYDS spectrographs mounted on the 2-meter
Faulkes Telescope North (FTN) and South (FTS) at Haleakala Observatory
and SSO, respectively, through the Global Supernova Project.
We obtained an NIR spectrum of SN 2021zby on 2021 September 25 using
the SpeX spectrograph on the NASA InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF).
We used the low-resolution prism mode with the 0.8" slit, providing a
resolving power of R∼75 with a simultaneous coverage between 0.7 and
2.5um.
Objects:
----------------------------------------------------------
RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
----------------------------------------------------------
03 00 35.62 +11 50 29.7 SN 2021zby = SN 2021zby
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File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 114 13 Log of spectroscopic observations of SN 2021zby
atlas.dat 134 163 ATLAS light curve of SN 2021zby
(data behind Figure 1)
decam.dat 98 42 CTIO/DECam light curve of SN 2021zby
(data behind Figure 1)
tess.dat 109 3396 Unbinned TESS light curve of SN 2021zby
(data behind Figure 1)
tess-bin.dat 97 94 Binned TESS light curve of SN 2021zby
(data behind Figure 1)
fig1/* . 4 TESS (binned and unbinned), ATLAS and CTIO/DECam
light curves in MRT format of SN 2021zby
fig2/* . 13 Individual spectra in MRT format of SN 2021zby
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See also:
IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)
VIII/77 : HI spectral properties of galaxies (Springob+, 2005)
J/ApJ/742/L18 : Follow-up photometry of the SN IIb PTF 11eon (Arcavi+, 2011)
J/ApJ/741/97 : Light curves of Ibc supernovae (Drout+, 2011)
J/other/Sci/337.444 : RV curves of Galactic massive O stars (Sana+, 2012)
J/ApJ/795/44 : PS1 SNe Ia (0.02<z<0.7) griz light curves (Rest+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/438/L101 : First month on SN 2013ej (Valenti+, 2014)
J/A+A/580/A142 : SN 2011dh. The first two years (Ergon+, 2015)
J/A+A/579/A40 : PESSTO catalog (Smartt+, 2015)
J/ApJ/826/56 : HST/WFC3 obs. of Cepheids in SN Ia host gal. (Riess+, 2016)
J/ApJ/870/L1 : K2 obs. of type Ia supernova SN 2018oh (Dimitriadis+, 2019)
J/A+A/656/A61 : SN Ib nebular phase properties (Dessart+, 2021)
J/ApJ/908/51 : TESS early LCs of type Ia Supernovae (Fausnaugh+, 2021)
J/ApJ/913/143 : Opt. light curves of the type Ic SN 2019stc (Gomez+, 2021)
J/ApJ/923/167 : SN 2018agk spectra and NIR-UV light curves (Wang+, 2021)
J/ApJ/938/19 : Opt. phot. and sp. monitoring of SN 2019esa (Andrews+, 2022)
J/ApJ/924/15 : Final moments. I. Type II SN 2020tlf (Jacobson-Galan+, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 F9.3 d MJD [59476.7/59543.3] Modified Julian Date
11- 15 F5.2 d Phase-t0 [2.29/67.1] Phase relative to t0
17- 22 F6.2 d Phase-tpk [-21.7/43.1] Phase relative to tpeak
24- 37 A14 --- Tel Telescope / Instrument
39- 42 I4 --- Range1 [3256/6848] Wavelength lower range
43 A1 --- --- [-]
44- 48 I5 --- Range2 [7994/25378] Wavelength upper range
50- 114 A65 --- FileName Name of the MRT file in subdirectory "fig2";
column added by CDS
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: atlas.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 12 F12.6 d MJD [59461.5/59532.4] Modified Julian date of
observation (JD-2400000.5)
14- 20 F7.3 mag mag [-25.1/23.4] Observed magnitude in Filt
22- 27 F6.3 mag e_mag [0.03/30] Uncertainty in mag
29- 33 I5 uJy Flux [-217/11718] Flux in Filt
35- 39 I5 uJy e_Flux [8/14100] Uncertainty in Flux
41 A1 --- Filt [co] Filter
43 I1 --- err [0] err (always "0")
45- 48 F4.2 --- chi/N [0.49/3.2] chi/N
50- 57 F8.5 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (J2000)
59- 66 F8.5 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
68- 75 F8.2 pix xpixel xpixel
77- 84 F8.2 pix ypixel ypixel
86- 89 F4.2 --- maj [1.74/3.85] maj
91- 94 F4.2 --- min [1.65/3.32] min
96- 100 F5.1 --- phi [-87/88] phi
102- 107 F6.3 --- apfit [-0.55/-0.32] apfit
109- 113 F5.2 mag mag5sig [14.2/19.8] mag5sig
115- 119 F5.2 --- Sky [14.77/21.56] Sky
121- 134 A14 --- Obs Observation identifier
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: decam.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 F11.5 d MJD [59498.2/59603.1] Modified Julian date of
observation (JD-2400000.5)
13- 30 F18.15 mag mag [17/22]? Observed magnitude in Filt
32- 50 F19.17 mag e_mag [0.06/4]? Uncertainty in mag
52 A1 --- Filt [ri] Filter
54- 75 E22.6 uJy Flux [6e-06/0.0006]? Flux in Filt
77- 98 E22.6 uJy e_Flux [3.8e-06/4.6e-05]? Uncertainty in Flux
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tess.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 F18.12 d MJD [59473.6/59498.4] Modified Julian date of
observation (JD-2400000.5)
20- 43 F24.19 --- Flux [-513/1451]? Flux
45- 65 F21.17 --- e_Flux [0.2/154]? Uncertainty in Flux
67- 84 F18.15 mag Tmag [15.99/29.54]? TESS magnitude
86- 109 F24.19 mag e_Tmag [0.0008/9255]? Uncertainty in mag
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tess-bin.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 F18.12 d MJD [59473.7/59498.2] Modified Julian date of
observation (JD-2400000.5)
20- 38 F19.15 --- Flux [-9/608]? Flux
40- 57 F18.14 --- e_Flux [55/378]? Uncertainty in Flux
59- 76 F18.15 mag Tmag [16.94/20.57]? TESS magnitude
78- 97 F20.17 mag e_Tmag [0.14/13]? Uncertainty in mag
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 13-Jan-2025