J/ApJ/964/42 Li-rich stars with GALAH, Gaia and GALEX data (Sayeed+, 2024)
Many roads lead to lithium: formation pathways for lithium-rich red giants.
Sayeed M., Ness M.K., Montet B.T., Cantiello M., Casey A.R., Buder S.,
Bedell M., Breivik K., Metzger B.D., Martell S.L., McGee-Gold L.
<Astrophys. J., 964, 42 (2024)>
=2024ApJ...964...42S 2024ApJ...964...42S
ADC_Keywords: Stars, giant; Surveys; Spectra, optical; Infrared; Ultraviolet
Keywords: Chemical abundances ; Red giant stars ; Lithium stars ; Binary stars ;
Asymptotic giant branch stars ; Stellar evolution
Abstract:
Stellar models predict that lithium (Li) inside a star is destroyed
during the first dredge-up phase, yet 1.2% of red giant stars are
Li-rich. We aim to uncover possible origins of this population, by
analyzing 1099 Li-rich giants (A(Li)≥1.5) in GALAH DR3. To expose
peculiar traits of Li-rich stars, we construct a reference sample of
Li-normal (doppelganger) stars with matched evolutionary state and
fiducial iron-peak and alpha-process abundances ([Fe/H] and [Mg/Fe]).
Comparing Li-rich and doppelganger spectra reveals systematic
differences in the Hα and Ca-triplet line profiles associated
with the velocity broadening measurement. We also find twice as many
Li-rich stars appear to be fast rotators (2% with vbroad ≳20km/s)
compared to doppelgangers. On average, Li-rich stars have higher
abundances than their doppelgangers, for a subset of elements, and
Li-rich stars at the base of RGB have higher mean s-process abundances
(≥0.05dex for Ba, Y, Zr), relative to their doppelgangers. External
mass-transfer from intermediate-mass AGB companions could explain this
signature. Additional companion analysis excludes binaries with mass
ratios ≳0.5 at ≳7au. Finally, we confirm a prevalence of Li-rich
stars on the red clump that increases with lithium, which supports an
evolutionary state mechanism for Li-enhancement. Multiple culprits,
including binary spin-up and mass-transfer, are therefore likely
mechanisms of Li-enrichment.
Description:
Galactic Archaeology with HERMES (GALAH; De Silva+ 2015MNRAS.449.2604D 2015MNRAS.449.2604D)
is a high-resolution spectroscopic survey of the southern sky on the
Anglo-Australian Telescope. GALAH employs the High Efficiency and
Resolution Multi-Element Spectrograph (HERMES) that provides
high-resolution (R∼28,000) spectra in four wavelength bands
(4713-4903, 5648-5873, 6478-6737, and 7585-7887Å). For our
analysis, we use the latest data release Buder+ (2021, J/MNRAS/506/150).
We also use Gaia data for our sample of GALAH stars to analyze regions
of the stellar spectra not covered by GALAH. Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3)
provides near-infrared (845-872nm) spectra at medium-resolution
(R∼11500), measured with the Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS).
We use NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), and its associated
All-Sky Imaging Survey (AIS), to examine the UV emission in our stars
(see II/335).
We assembled a sample of 1099 Li-rich stars in GALAH, and compared it
to a sample of otherwise identical Li-normal star.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 31 1099 GALAH ID for Li-rich stars and their doppelgangers
table2.dat 39 667 Gaia DR3 ID for 667 Li-rich stars and their
doppelgangers with Gaia RVS spectra
table3.dat 78 1099 Survey identification information for 1099 Li-rich
stars in our sample
table4.dat 78 1099 Survey identification information for doppelgangers
in our sample
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
II/335 : Revised catalog of GALEX UV sources (GUVcat_AIS GR6+7) (Bianchi+ 2017)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
I/357 : Gaia DR3 Part 3. Non-single stars (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
V/154 : Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), Release 16 (DR16) (Ahumada+, 2020)
J/ApJS/85/315 : F, G and K dwarf stars of the Pleiades (Soderblom+ 1993)
J/A+AS/124/359 : Ca II triplet lines in cool stars (Mallik 1997)
J/A+A/508/L17 : Abundances in solar analogs (Ramirez+, 2009)
J/AJ/139/1338 : UV-selected stars in Tau and Upper Sco (Findeisen+, 2010)
J/ApJ/732/55 : Abundances of stars with planets (Schuler+, 2011)
J/A+A/538/A36 : Lithium abundances of bulge RGB stars (Lebzelter+, 2012)
J/A+A/569/A55 : Abundances and vsini for 348 red giants (Adamow+, 2014)
J/A+A/562/A92 : Li abundance in solar analogues (Delgado Mena+, 2014)
J/A+A/580/A24 : Abundances in dwarfs, subgiants, & giants (da Silva+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/449/4038 : Li abund. of giants in 3 globular clusters (D'Orazi+, 2015)
J/AJ/150/123 : Catalog of 316 K giant candidates (Rebull+, 2015)
J/ApJ/815/5 : Abundances of KOI stars with planets. I. (Schuler+, 2015)
J/ApJ/819/135 : Lithium-rich giants in globular clusters (Kirby+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/463/1844 : M dwarfs rotation-activity relation (Stelzer+, 2016)
J/ApJ/819/19 : Equivalent widths of WASP-94A and WASP-94B (Teske+, 2016)
J/ApJ/865/68 : Abund. for 79 Sun-like stars within 100pc (Bedell+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/473/2004 : TESS-HERMES Survey Data Release 1 catalog (Sharma+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/484/2000 : Study of Lithium-rich giants with GALAH (Deepak+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/490/2219 : s-process enhanced stars in LAMOST (Norfolk+, 2019)
J/ApJ/877/104 : High-res. spectrosc. of LAMOST Li-rich giants (Zhou+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/280 : Gaia-Kepler stellar properties cat. I. KIC (Berger+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/12 : J, Ks, NUV emission of 133 red giant stars (Dixon+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/495/3961 : Planet-hosting stars chemical compositions (Liu+, 2020)
J/A+A/640/A81 : Abundances of 72 solar-type stars (Nissen+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/506/150 : The GALAH+ Survey DR3 (Buder+, 2021)
J/A+A/651/A84 : Li abundance and mixing in giant stars (Magrini+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/505/5340 : Lithium-rich stars in the GALAH survey DR3 (Martell+, 2021)
J/other/NatAs/5.1163S : Sun-like stars abundances (Spina+, 2021)
J/other/NatAs/5.1163 : Sun-like stars abundances (Spina+, 2021)
J/A+A/657/A33 : Lithium in the LRGB of 5 GCs (Aguilera-Gomez+, 2022)
J/MNRAS/511/231 : Lithium study with GC NGC 6752 (Schiappacasse-Ulloa+, 2022)
J/ApJ/940/12 : HeI10830 in red giant stars with HET/HPF (Sneden+, 2022)
J/ApJ/944/L5 : Lithium abundances in Kepler giants (Mallick+, 2023)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 I15 --- Rich [131118002901313/190225005301326]
GALAH rich identifier
17- 31 I15 --- DopGg [131118002401169/190225005301327]
GALAH Doppelganger identifier
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 I19 --- Rich [50376534706000768/6908353122071976576]
Gaia DR3 rich identifier
21- 39 I19 --- DopGg [17501068313867008/6913587244096921344]
Gaia DR3 doppelganger identifier
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 I15 --- GALAH [131118002901313/190225005301326]
GALAH identifier, as in Table 1 (G1)
17- 35 I19 --- GaiaDR2 [50072038704132096/6908353122071976576]
Gaia DR2 identifier
37- 55 I19 --- GaiaDR3 [50072038704132096/6908353122071976576]
Gaia DR3 identifier
57- 78 A22 --- GALEX GALEX identifier (G1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 I15 --- GALAH [131118002401169/190225005301327]
GALAH identifier, as in Table 1 (G1)
17- 35 I19 --- GaiaDR2 [50014726660626432/6908285540762351872]
Gaia DR2 identifier
37- 55 I19 --- GaiaDR3 [50014726660626432/6908285540762351872]
Gaia DR3 identifier
57- 78 A22 --- GALEX GALEX identifier (G1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (G1): GALAH IDs are "sobject_id" in Buder+ (2021, J/MNRAS/506/150), and
GALEX IDs in Bianchi+ (2017, II/335).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
License: CC-BY-4.0
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 01-Jun-2026