J/ApJ/964/80 MgII line profiles & refined param. of FGKM stars (Taylor+, 2024)
Correlating intrinsic stellar parameters with MgII self-reversal depths.
Taylor A., Dunn A., Peacock S., Youngblood A., Redfield S.
<Astrophys. J., 964, 80 (2024)>
=2024ApJ...964...80T 2024ApJ...964...80T
ADC_Keywords: Spectra, ultraviolet; Abundances, [Fe/H]; Stars, ages;
Stars, masses; Stars, diameters; References
Keywords: Stellar spectral types
Abstract:
The MgII h&k emission lines (2803, 2796Å) are a useful tool for
understanding stellar chromospheres and transition regions due to
their intrinsic brightness, relatively low interstellar medium (ISM)
absorption interference, and abundance of archival spectra available.
Similar to other optically thick chromospheric emission lines such as
HI Lyα, MgII emissions commonly present with a self-reversed
line core, the depth and shape of which vary from star to star. We
explore the relationship between self-reversal and the stellar
atmosphere by investigating the extent to which fundamental stellar
parameters affect self-reversal. We present a search for correlations
between photospheric parameters such as effective temperature, surface
gravity, and metallicity with the MgII k self-reversal depth for a
group of 135 FGKM main-sequence stars with high-resolution
near-ultraviolet spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope. We modeled
the observed MgII k line profiles to correct for ISM attenuation and
recover the depth of the emission line's self-reversal in relation to
the intensity of the line. We used the PHOENIX atmosphere code to
homogeneously determine the stellar parameters by computing a suite of
stellar atmosphere models that include a chromosphere and transition
region, and using archival photometry to guide the models of each
star. We quantify the sensitivity of the visible and near-infrared
photometry to chromospheric and photospheric parameters. We find weak
trends between MgII k self-reversal depth and age, rotation period,
MgII luminosity, temperature, and mass. All stars in our sample older
than ∼2Gyr or rotating slower than ∼10days exhibit self-reversal.
Description:
Drawing from the list of >150 stars in the HST archive with
high-resolution near-UV spectra (where the self-reversed cores are
resolved), we created a sample of stars (Table 1) limited to spectral
types F, G, K, and M, luminosity classes IV, V, and VI, and detectable
MgII emission as determined by eye.
This limits the sample to 135 stars with chromospheres without
contaminating absorption signals from outflows, cool winds, or disks.
We chose observations taken with the STIS E230H grating. The
pipeline-reduced spectra were downloaded from the Barbara A. Mikulski
Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). The specific observations
analyzed can be accessed via doi:10.17909/YHRQ-T478.
We collected archival photometry in the 4200-21900Å range from the
VizieR Photometry Viewer for each target star. See Section 2.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 158 142 Stellar parameters for the target stars from the
literature
table3.dat 138 135 Refined stellar parameters
refs.dat 43 316 References
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Name Star name
13- 16 I4 K Tmin [2665/6825]? Minimum effective temperature
18- 21 A4 --- r_Tmin Reference bibcode for Tmin
(see refs.dat file)
23- 26 I4 K Tmax [2810/7229]? Maximum effective temperature
28- 31 A4 --- r_Tmax Reference bibcode for Tmax
(see refs.dat file)
33- 36 F4.2 [cm/s2] log(g)min [2.3/5.17]? Minimum log surface gravity
38- 41 A4 --- r_log(g)min Reference bibcode for log(g)min
(see refs.dat file)
43- 46 F4.2 [cm/s2] log(g)max [3.22/5.5]? Maximum log surface gravity
48- 51 A4 --- r_log(g)max Reference bibcode for log(g)max
(see refs.dat file)
53- 57 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H]min [-3.06/0.24]? Minimum metallicity
59- 62 A4 --- r_[Fe/H]min Reference bibcode for [Fe/H]min
(see refs.dat file)
64- 68 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H]max [-1.25/1.05]? Maximum metallicity
70- 73 A4 --- r_[Fe/H]max Reference bibcode for [Fe/H]max
(see refs.dat file)
75- 79 F5.2 Gyr Age [0.01/12.0]? Stellar age
81- 83 I3 --- r_Age [28/287]? Reference bibcode for Age
(see refs.dat file)
85- 88 F4.2 Msun Mass [0.08/1.9]? Stellar mass
90- 95 F6.4 Msun E_Mass [0.003/0.25]? Upper uncertainty in Mass
97- 102 F6.4 Msun e_Mass [0.003/0.25]? Lower uncertainty in Mass
104- 106 I3 --- r_Mass [10/289]? Reference bibcode for Mass
(see refs.dat file)
108- 111 F4.2 Rsun Rad [0.11/7.87]? Stellar radius
113- 118 F6.4 Rsun E_Rad [0.0036/0.1]? Upper uncertainty in Rad
120- 125 F6.4 Rsun e_Rad [0.0036/0.1]? Lower uncertainty in Rad
127- 129 I3 --- r_Rad [21/288]? Reference bibcode for Rad
(see refs.dat file)
131- 135 F5.2 pc Dist [1.35/81.66]? Stellar distance from Gaia
EDR3
137- 142 F6.2 d Per [1.68/145.0]? Stellar rotation period
144- 148 F5.2 d E_Per [0.01/19.4]? Upper uncertainty in Per
150- 154 F5.2 d e_Per [0.01/19.4]? Lower uncertainty in Per
156- 158 I3 --- r_Per [23/316]? Reference bibcode for Per
(see refs.dat file)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 A11 --- Name Star name
13- 16 I4 K Teff [2732/7150] Effective temperature
18- 21 I4 K b_Teff [2700/7100] Upper boundary value in Teff
23- 26 I4 K B_Teff [2830/7200] Lower boundary value in Teff
28- 31 F4.2 [cm/s2] log(g) [3.3/5.4] Log surface gravity
33- 36 F4.2 [cm/s2] b_log(g) [3.2/5.2] Upper boundary value in log(g)
38- 41 F4.2 [cm/s2] B_log(g) [3.5/5.5] Lower boundary value in log(g)
43- 47 F5.2 [Sun] [Fe/H] [-2.1/0.4] Metallicity
49- 53 F5.2 [Sun] b_[Fe/H] [-2.1/0.4] Upper boundary value in [Fe/H]
55- 59 F5.2 [Sun] B_[Fe/H] [-1.5/0.6] Lower boundary value in [Fe/H]
61- 64 F4.2 Gyr Age [0.01/9] Stellar age
66- 69 F4.2 Gyr b_Age [0.01/8.1] Upper boundary value in Age
71- 75 F5.2 Gyr B_Age [0.05/10] Lower boundary value in Age
77- 80 F4.2 Msun Mass [0.03/2.4] Stellar mass
82- 85 F4.2 Msun b_Mass [0.01/1.4] Upper boundary value in Mass
87- 90 F4.2 Msun B_Mass [0.09/4.2] Lower boundary value in Mass
92- 95 F4.2 Rsun Rad [0.08/5] Stellar radius
97- 100 F4.2 Rsun b_Rad [0.08/4] Upper boundary value in Rad
102- 105 F4.2 Rsun B_Rad [0.09/6] Lower boundary value in Rad
107- 110 F4.2 --- SRPar [0/3.43] Self-Reversal parameter
112- 115 F4.2 --- e_SRPar [0/2.5] Uncertainty in SRPar
117- 121 F5.2 km/s SRVel [-3.42/5] Self-Reversal velocity
123- 127 F5.2 km/s e_SRVel [0.03/41]? Uncertainty in SRVel
129- 136 E8.2 cW/m2/nm FMgII [7.8e-15/2.1e-10] Mg II flux;
erg/s/cm2/Angstroms
138 I1 --- Qual [1/3] Quality flag (3=most confident) (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The confidence in the self-reversal value obtained.
1 = least confident;
2 = confident;
3 = most confident.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- Ref Reference code
5- 23 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode of the reference
25- 43 A19 --- Cat VizieR catalog reference
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
License: CC-BY-4.0
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 01-Jul-2026