J/ApJS/212/10 WISE IR excesses for stars within 75pc (Patel+, 2014)
A sensitive identification of warm debris disks in the solar neighborhood
through precise calibration of saturated WISE photometry.
Patel R.I., Metchev S.A., Heinze A.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 212, 10 (2014)>
=2014ApJS..212...10P 2014ApJS..212...10P
ADC_Keywords: Stars, nearby ; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: infrared: planetary systems; planetary systems; protoplanetary disks;
stars: statistics; zodiacal dust
Abstract:
We present a sensitive search for WISE W3 (12µm) and W4 (22µm)
excesses from warm optically thin dust around Hipparcos main sequence
stars within 75pc from the Sun. We use contemporaneously measured
photometry from WISE, remove sources of contamination, and derive and
apply corrections to saturated fluxes to attain optimal sensitivity to
>10µm excesses. We use data from the WISE All-Sky Survey Catalog
rather than the AllWISE release because we find that its saturated
photometry is better behaved, allowing us to detect small excesses
even around saturated stars in WISE. Our new discoveries increase by
45% the number of stars with warm dusty excesses and expand the number
of known debris disks (with excess at any wavelength) within 75pc by
29%. We identify 220 Hipparcos debris disk host stars, 108 of which
are new detections at any wavelength. We present the first measurement
of a 12µm and/or 22µm excess for 10 stars with previously known
cold (50-100K) disks. We also find five new stars with small but
significant W3 excesses, adding to the small population of known
exozodi, and we detect evidence for a W2 excess around HIP 96562
(F2V), indicative of tenuous hot (780K) dust. As a result of our WISE
study, the number of debris disks with known 10-30µm excesses
within 75pc (379) has now surpassed the number of disks with known
>30µm excesses (289, with 171 in common), even if the latter have
been found to have a higher occurrence rate in unbiased samples.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table5.dat 135 225 Stellar parameters of stars with IR excesses
table6.dat 52 225 IR excess information
table7.dat 75 220 Debris disk parameters from single-temperature
blackbody fits
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See also:
II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)
III/231 : The Tycho-2 Spectral Type Catalog (Wright+, 2003)
I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)
J/ApJS/211/25 : Spitzer/IRS debris disk catalog. I. (Chen+, 2014)
J/ApJS/208/29 : HIP stars with 22µm excess (Wu+, 2013)
J/A+A/555/A11 : DUNES survey observational results (Eiroa+, 2013)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors & temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/429/903 : New brown dwarf discs in Upper Scorpius (Dawson+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/426/91 : Kepler stars with infrared excess (Kennedy+, 2012)
J/AJ/144/135 : Spitzer 24µm phot. of Hipparcos F stars (Mizusawa+, 2012)
J/ApJS/188/242 : Variations on debris disks. II. (Kenyon+, 2010)
J/ApJ/700/L73 : Photospheric fluxes at 24 and 70µm (Kospal+, 2009)
J/ApJ/705/89 : IRS spectra of solar-type stars (Lawler+, 2009)
J/ApJS/179/451 : IR excesses for protoplanetary disks (Kenyon+, 2008)
J/ApJ/688/597 : Debris disks in NGC 2232 (Currie+, 2008)
J/ApJ/672/558 : MIPS observations of h and χ Persei (Currie+, 2008)
J/ApJ/660/1556 : Characterization of dusty debris disks (Rhee+, 2007)
J/ApJ/653/675 : Spitzer 24µm photometry of A dwarfs (Su+, 2006)
J/ApJ/636/1098 : Debris disks around solar-type stars (Bryden+, 2006)
J/ApJ/620/1010 : Spitzer 24µm photometry of A dwarfs (Rieke+, 2005)
J/ApJ/555/932 : IR fluxes of solar-type stars (Spangler+, 2001)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP [544/118008] Hipparcos identifier (1)
8- 8 A1 --- f_HIP [c] Photometric T* and R* (2)
10- 28 A19 --- WISE WISE identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
30- 38 A9 --- SpType MK spectral type (3)
40- 43 F4.1 pc Dist [4.5/75] Hipparcos parallactic distance
45- 49 I5 K T* [3970/12500]? Stellar temperature (see f_HIP)
51- 54 F4.2 Rsun R* [0.4/3.3]? Stellar radius (see f_HIP)
56- 61 F6.3 --- chi2* [0.06/51]? The χ2 photospheric fit
63- 68 F6.1 mJy F12 [15/1300] WISE 12 micron band flux density
70- 73 F4.1 mJy e_F12 [0.3/10] Uncertainty in F12
75- 79 F5.1 mJy F12* [14/960] WISE 12um band stellar flux density
81- 86 F6.2 mJy F22 WISE 22 micron band flux density
88- 90 F3.1 mJy e_F22 Uncertainty in F22
92- 97 F6.2 mJy F22* WISE 22 micron band stellar flux density
99-104 F6.3 --- Exc12 [-0.1/0.4] Fractional excess in W3 (12um) (4)
106-111 F6.3 --- Exc22 [-0.1/0.9] Fractional excess in W4 (22um) (4)
113-117 F5.3 mag [3.4] Corrected WISE 3.4um band magnitude (5)
119-123 F5.3 mag e_[3.4] Uncertainty in [3.4]
125-129 F5.3 mag [4.6] Corrected WISE 4.6 micron band magnitude (5)
131-135 F5.3 mag e_[4.6] Uncertainty in [4.6]
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Note (1): Hipparcos stars with detected mid-IR excesses at either W2, W3
and/or W4.
Note (2): The spectral type, stellar temperature and radius were obtained
from photometric fits as described in Section 3.
Note (3): Spectral types for stars downloaded from Hipparcos database.
Stars marked with a "c" flag had their spectral types estimated from
their BT-VT colors using empirical color relations from Pecaut &
Mamajek (2013, Cat. J/ApJS/208/9).
Note (4): The quoted fractional excesses represent the ratios of the
measured excess and the estimated stellar photospheric flux in these
bands. They have not been color-corrected for the filter response,
although such corrections have been applied to the estimates of the
fractional bolometric luminosities fd of the dust (Section 3, Table 7).
Note (5): Saturation corrected photometry (See Section 2.4).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP [544/118008] Hipparcos identifier
8- 13 A6 --- Flag [NUY] WISE excess Flag (6)
15- 16 A2 --- New? [ NY-] New IR excess information (7)
18- 22 F5.2 --- W1-W4 ? Excess significance for W1-W4 color (22/3.4um)
24- 28 F5.2 --- W2-W4 ? Excess significance for W2-W4 color (22/4.6um)
30- 34 F5.2 --- W3-W4 ? Excess significance for W3-W4 color (22/12um)
36- 40 F5.2 --- W1-W3 ? Excess significance for W1-W3 color (12/3.4um)
42- 46 F5.2 --- W2-W3 ? Excess significance for W2-W3 color (12/4.6um)
48- 52 F5.2 --- W1-W2 ? Excess significance for W1-W2 color (4.6/3.4um)
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Note (6): The WISE Excess Flag indicates the combination of detections from
the various colors. Each flag is a six character string that identifies
whether the star has a statistically probable (Y), insignificant (N),
or unknown (U) excess based on the order of the color analyses: W1-W4,
W2-W4, W3-W4, W1-W3, W2-W3 and W1-W2. Any stars can have unlisted (U)
values, indicating that the star was rejected by the selection
criteria for that particular color (Section 2.2).
Note (7): A new detection at the W3 and/or W4 bands (12 or 22 microns)?
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 6 I6 --- HIP [544/118008] Hipparcos identifier
10- 14 F5.1 K Tbb [78.9/522]? Blackbody temperature
16 A1 --- l_Tlim [<>] Limit flag on Tlim
18- 23 F6.1 K Tlim [86/1000]? Limit blackbody temperature
25- 30 F6.2 AU Rbb [0.1/140]? Blackbody radius
32 A1 --- l_Rlim [<>] Limit flag on Rlim
34- 39 F6.3 AU Rlim [0.05/65]? Limit blackbody radius
41 A1 --- l_theta Limit flag on theta
43- 48 F6.4 arcsec theta [0.001/1] Lower projected angular extent of
dust θ (8)
50- 54 F5.3 arcsec B_theta ? Upper projected angular extent of dust (8)
56- 61 F6.2 10-5 fd [0.1/430]? Bolometric luminosity ratio (9)
63 A1 --- l_flim Limit flag on flim
65- 69 F5.3 10-5 flim [0.02/4]? Limit dust luminosity ratio (9)
71- 75 A5 --- Notes Additional note(s) (10)
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Note (8): A null value for thetau indicates that thetal is just the projected
angular extent of dust.
Note (9): the bolometric luminosity ratio fd is defined as:
fd = (∫Fd(λ)dλ/(∫F*(λ)dλ),
ratio of dust to
stellar bolometric luminosities.
Note (10): Note as follows:
a = W4-only excess: The W3 excess flux in this case was either saturated or
>3σ below the photosphere. A limiting temperature and radius for
the dust cannot be determined.
b = W4-only excess: The W3 excess flux is formally negative and an upper
limit to the excess flux is used to place a 3σ limit to the dust
temperature and radius.
c = W4-only excess: The W3 positive excess flux in this case was used to
calculate a dust temperature and radius. An upper limit to the W3
excess flux was used to calculate a 3σ limit to the dust
temperature and radius.
d = W3-only excess: The W4 positive excess flux in this case was used to
calculate a dust temperature and radius. An upper limit to the W4
excess flux was used to calculate a 3σ limit to the dust
temperature and radius.
e = Lower limit to the fractional luminosity was calculated for a blackbody
with peak emission at λ=22µm as described in Section 3.
f = Lower limit to the fractional luminosity was calculated for a blackbody
with peak emission at λ=12µm as described in Section 3.
g = Significant W3 and W4 excess found in these stars. Dust parameters are
exact calculations.
h = W3-only excess: The W4 excess significance in this case was undetermined
as the measurement was ignored in all W4 analyses as its ASC measurement
was >2σ discrepant from the mean Single Frame measurement.
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Acknowledgments:
We acknowledge Rahul I. Patel [California Institute of Technology]; for
the correction of explanations in table 5 and the correction of inversion
in note (10) of table 7 (see the History section below).
History:
From electronic version of the journal
* 18-Jul-2014 : Insert into VizieR
* 17-Dec-2015 : Labels Exc3 and Exc4 and their explanations corrected
for table 5 (W3 (12um) and W4 (22um) and not 3.4 or 4.6um as in
the published MRT format).
* 18-Dec-2015 : Explanations of "e" and "f" in Note (1) of table 7 inverted
at the author's request (inverted in the published paper).
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 06-Jun-2014