J/ApJS/212/21 A deep Chandra ACIS survey of M83 (Long+, 2014)
A deep Chandra ACIS survey of M83.
Long K.S., Kuntz K.D., Blair W.P., Godfrey L., Plucinsky P.P., Soria R.,
Stockdale C., Winkler P.F.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 212, 21 (2014)>
=2014ApJS..212...21L 2014ApJS..212...21L
ADC_Keywords: Radio sources ; X-ray sources ; Galaxies, nearby ;
Cross identifications
Keywords: galaxies: individual: M83; galaxies: ISM; ISM: supernova remnants;
supernovae: individual: SN1923A; X-rays: binaries; X-rays: general;
X-rays: individual: M83
Abstract:
We have obtained a series of deep X-ray images of the nearby galaxy
M83 using Chandra, with a total exposure of 729ks. Combining the new
data with earlier archival observations totaling 61ks, we find 378
point sources within the D25 contour of the galaxy. We find 80 more
sources, mostly background active galactic nuclei (AGNs), outside of
the D25contour. Of the X-ray sources, 47 have been detected in a new
radio survey of M83 obtained using the Australia Telescope Compact
Array. Of the X-ray sources, at least 87 seem likely to be supernova
remnants (SNRs), based on a combination of their properties in X-rays
and at other wavelengths. We attempt to classify the point source
population of M83 through a combination of spectral and temporal
analysis. As part of this effort, we carry out an initial spectral
analysis of the 29 brightest X-ray sources. The soft X-ray sources in
the disk, many of which are SNRs, are associated with the spiral arms,
while the harder X-ray sources, mostly X-ray binaries (XRBs), do not
appear to be. After eliminating AGNs, foreground stars, and identified
SNRs from the sample, we construct the cumulative luminosity function
(CLF) of XRBs brighter than 8x1035erg/s. Despite M83's relatively
high star formation rate, the CLF indicates that most of the XRBs in
the disk are low mass XRBs.
Description:
X-ray observations of M83 were all carried out with Chandra/ACIS-S in
the "very faint" mode and spaced over a period of one year from 2010
December to 2011 December.
We included in our analysis earlier Chandra observations of M83 in
2000 and 2001 totaling 61ks obtained by G. Rieke (Prop ID. 1600489;
ObsID 73) and by A. Prestwich (Prop ID. 267005758; ObsID 2064).
To support and extend our X-ray study of M83, we have been carrying
out a number of other studies of M83, including optical broadband and
narrowband imaging with the IMACS camera on Magellan (Blair et al.
2012, Cat. J/ApJS/203/8), optical imaging with the Wide Field Camera 3
(WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST; W. P. Blair PI, Prop. ID.
12513, Blair et al. 2014ApJ...788...55B 2014ApJ...788...55B), and radio imaging with the
Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA; C. Stockdale PI, Prog. ID. 12A-335).
Here we describe new 6 and 3cm radio imaging we have obtained from
ATCA (Australia Telescope Compact Array) on 2011 April 28, 29, and 30
(table 2).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 104 109 ATCA radio sources
table3.dat 75 458 M83 X-ray point sources
table4.dat 99 458 M83 X-ray point source fluxes & luminosities
table5.dat 162 291 M83 X-ray point source IDs and comments
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See also:
B/chandra : The Chandra Archive Log (CXC, 1999-2014)
V/134 : Atlas of Radio/X-ray associations (ARXA) (Flesch, 2010)
VII/259 : 6dF galaxy survey final redshift release (Jones+, 2009)
VII/237 : HYPERLEDA. I. Catalog of galaxies (Paturel+, 2003)
J/A+A/553/A7 : XMM sources in M83 (NGC5236) (Ducci+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/419/2095 : HMXBs in nearby galaxies (Mineo+, 2012)
J/ApJS/203/8 : Optical SNR candidates in M83 (Blair+, 2012)
J/ApJS/192/10 : Chandra ACIS survey in 383 nearby galaxies. I. (Liu, 2011)
J/MNRAS/414/3084 : Multi-waveband analysis of 12um galaxies (Brightman+, 2011)
J/ApJS/187/495 : SNRs in M33 from optical and X-ray (Long+, 2010)
J/ApJ/602/231 : Chandra point sources in nearby galaxies (Colbert+, 2004)
J/A+A/410/53 : M83 X-ray sources (Soria+, 2003)
J/AJ/122/3046 : HST photometry of star clusters in NGC 5236 (Harris+, 2001)
J/ApJS/80/531 : An X-ray catalog and atlas of galaxies. (Fabbiano+, 1992)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- ID Object identifier (A001 to A109)
6- 7 I2 h RAh [13] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
9- 10 I2 min RAm [36/37] Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
12- 16 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
18- 18 A1 --- DE- [-] Sign of the Declination (J2000)
19- 20 I2 deg DEd [29] Degree of Declination (J2000)
22- 23 I2 arcmin DEm [48/55] Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
25- 28 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
30- 33 F4.2 mJy S5 [0.03/2.13] The 5 GHz flux density
35- 38 F4.2 mJy e_S5 [0.01/0.1] Uncertainty in S5 GHz
40- 40 A1 --- l_S9 Limit flag on S9
42- 45 F4.2 mJy S9 [0.01/1.3]? The 9 GHz flux density
47- 50 F4.2 mJy e_S9 [0.02/0.07]? Uncertainty in S9 GHz
52-104 A53 --- Notes Spatially coincident with radio source note (1)
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Note (1): If the offset between objects is larger than 1 arcsec, the name
of the coincident object is followed by a ":". Other comments provide
additional information about the radio source.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- ID Object identifier (X001 to X458)
6- 7 I2 h RAh [13] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
9- 10 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
12- 16 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
18 A1 --- DE- [-] Sign of the Declination (J2000)
19- 20 I2 deg DEd [29/30] Degree of Declination (J2000)
22- 23 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
25- 28 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
30- 33 F4.2 arcsec ePos [0/1.5] The 1σ positional error
35- 39 F5.1 ks Texp [51/791] Exposure time
41- 47 F7.3 ct/ks CRate [0.01/108.4] The 0.35-8.0keV band count rate
49- 53 F5.3 ct/ks e_CRate [0.008/0.4] Uncertainty in CRate
55- 59 F5.2 --- (M-S)/T [-1.2/1.2] Hardness ratio (G1)
61- 64 F4.2 --- e_(M-S)/T [0/0.7] Uncertainty in (M-S)/T
66- 70 F5.2 --- (H-M)/T [-0.6/1.1] Hardness ratio (G1)
72- 75 F4.2 --- e_(H-M)/T [0/0.8] Uncertainty in (H-M)/T
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- ID Object identifier (X001 to X458)
6- 12 F7.3 10-6/cm2/s FT [0.08/396] Total (0.35-8keV) band flux (G1)
14- 18 F5.3 10-6/cm2/s e_FT [0.02/3] Statistical uncertainty in FT
20- 26 F7.3 10-6/cm2/s FS Soft (0.35-1.1keV) band flux (G1)
28- 32 F5.3 10-6/cm2/s e_FS Statistical uncertainty in FS
34- 39 F6.3 10-6/cm2/s FM Medium (1.1-2.6keV) band flux (G1)
41- 45 F5.3 10-6/cm2/s e_FM Statistical uncertainty in FM
47- 52 F6.3 10-6/cm2/s FH Hard (2.6-8keV) band flux (G1)
54- 58 F5.3 10-6/cm2/s e_FH Statistical uncertainty in FH
60- 66 F7.3 10-6/cm2/s FMS Medium-soft (0.5-2keV) band flux (G1)
68- 72 F5.3 10-6/cm2/s e_FMS Statistical uncertainty in F0.5-2
74- 79 F6.3 10-6/cm2/s FMH Medium-hard (2-8keV) band flux (G1)
81- 85 F5.3 10-6/cm2/s e_FMH Statistical uncertainty in FMH
87- 93 F7.2 10+29W Lx [0.4/2249.8] X-ray (0.35-8keV) luminosity
(in 1036erg/s)
95- 99 F5.2 10+29W e_Lx [0.1/16.3] Statistical uncertainty in Lx
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- ID Object identifier (X001 to X458) (1)
6- 22 A17 --- OXray Other X-ray identifier (2)
24- 44 A21 --- Radio Radio identifier (3)
46- 62 A17 --- SN SNR or SNe identifier (4)
64- 66 A3 --- P/T Spectral flag (5)
68- 69 A2 --- Var Variability flag (6)
71- 78 A8 --- Type Source type (7)
80-162 A83 --- Notes Additional notes (8)
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Note (1): A source in a pre-existing catalog is assumed to be coincident if
it is within 2arcsec of an X-ray source. If the difference in position
of the X-ray source and the catalogued source is between 1 and
2arcsec, the previous identifier is followed by a ":"
Note (2): Coincidences with the earlier X-ray survey of Soria & Wu 2003
(J/A+A/410/53; <[SW2003] NNN> in Simbad>) and Ducci et al. 2013
(J/A+A/553/A7).
Note (3): Coincidences with the radio survey of Maddox et al.
(2006AJ....132..310M 2006AJ....132..310M; <[MCK2006] NN> in Simbad) and our new radio
survey conducted with ATCA.
Note (4): Coincidencs with optical SNRs identified by Blair et al. 2012
(J/ApJS/203/8; <[BWL2012] NNN> in Simbad) and Dopita et al.
(2010ApJ...710..964D 2010ApJ...710..964D; <[DBL2010] M83-SNR-N-NN> in Simbad). Only
nebulae with high [SII]/Hα ratios are included.
Note (5): For sources brighter than 500 counts, the source spectra are
characterized as having non-thermal (P) or thermal (T) profiles.
There are a few sources, labelled "P/T" for which no clear
distinction could be made. "D" = disk-blackbody. See section 6.
Note (6): Variability flag as follows:
C = Classical X-ray transient;
B = source with large variations from observation to observation;
N = source is seen above the background all of the time;
A = designation for sources that were either "on" in the archival
observations and "off" in the new data, or vice versa;
V = source that is simply variable;
V* = object was variable, but the variability was not detected in the
T band. See text.
Note (7): Our attempt to classify X-ray sources in M83. Sources
classifications we regard as more tentative are followed by a "?".
Classes among AGN, GAL, NUC (nuclear region), SNR, Star, XRB (X-ray binary)
Note (8): Brief comments on the sources. More extensive commentary on
a number of the sources can be found in the text and for the X-ray
bright sources in the Appendix.
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Golbal Notes:
Note (G1): Calculated from photon fluxes for the bands:
S=0.35-1.1kev, M=1.1-2.6keV, H=2.6-8.0keV, T=0.35-8.0keV,
MS=0.5-2keV, MH=2-8keV
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Greg Schwarz [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 23-Jul-2014