J/ApJS/224/22 The YSO population of LDN 1340 in infrared (Kun+, 2016)
The young stellar population of LYNDS 1340. An infrared view.
Kun M., Wolf-Chase G., Moor A., Apai D., Balog Z., O'Linger-Luscusk J.,
Moriarty-Schieven G.H.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 224, 22-22 (2016)>
=2016ApJS..224...22K 2016ApJS..224...22K (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: YSOs ; Molecular clouds ; Photometry, infrared
Keywords: ISM: clouds; ISM: individual objects (L1340);
stars: formation; stars: pre-main sequence; stars: protostars
Abstract:
We present results of an infrared study of the molecular cloud
Lynds 1340, forming three groups of low- and intermediate-mass stars.
Our goals are to identify and characterize the young stellar
population of the cloud, study the relationships between the
properties of the cloud and the emergent stellar groups, and integrate
L1340 into the picture of the star-forming activity of our Galactic
environment. We selected candidate young stellar objects (YSOs) from
the Spitzer and WISE databases using various published color criteria
and classified them based on the slope of the spectral energy
distribution (SED). We identified 170 Class II, 27 flat SED, and 45
Class 0/I sources. High angular resolution near-infrared observations
of the RNO 7 cluster, embedded in L1340, revealed eight new young
stars of near-infrared excess. The surface density distribution of
YSOs shows three groups, associated with the three major molecular
clumps of L1340, each consisting of ≲100 members, including both
pre-main-sequence stars and embedded protostars. New Herbig-Haro
objects were identified in the Spitzer images. Our results demonstrate
that L1340 is a prolific star-forming region of our Galactic
environment in which several specific properties of the
intermediate-mass mode of star formation can be studied in detail.
Description:
L1340 was observed by the Spitzer Space Telescope using Spitzer's
Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on 2009 March 16 and the Multiband
Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS) on 2008 November 26 (Prog. ID:
50691, PI: G. Fazio). The IRAC observations covered ∼1deg2 in all
four bands. Moreover, a small part of the cloud, centered on RNO 7,
was observed in the four IRAC bands on 2006 September 24 (Prog. ID:
30734, PI: D. Figer).
We selected candidate YSOs from the Spitzer Enhanced Imaging Products
(SEIP) Source List, containing 19745 point sources in the target field.
High angular resolution near-infrared images of two small regions of
L1340 were obtained on 2002 October 24 in the JHK bands, using the
near-infrared camera Omega-Cass, mounted on the 3.5m telescope at the
Calar Alto Observatory, Spain. The results for IRAS 02224+7227 have
been shown in Kun et al. (2014, J/ApJ/795/L26). Here we present the
results for RNO 7.
To classify the evolutionary status of the color-selected candidate
YSOs and obtain as complete a picture of the SFR and its YSO
population as possible, we supplemented the Spitzer data with
photometric data available in public databases. See section 2.3 for
further details.
Objects:
----------------------------------------------
RA (ICRS) DE Designation(s)
----------------------------------------------
02 30 40 +72 57.3 L1340 = LDN 1340
----------------------------------------------
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 126 45 SEIP SSTSL2 Fluxes and uncertainties of Class 0/I
sources in L1340
table2.dat 126 27 SEIP SSTSL2 fluxes and uncertainties of Flat
SED sources in L1340
table3.dat 126 155 SEIP SSTSL2 Fluxes and uncertainties of Class II
sources
table4.dat 74 20 Herschel PACS point sources associated with
candidate Spitzer YSOs in L1340 C
table5.dat 131 45 Spitzer sources of Class 0/I SED: associated objects
table6.dat 139 25 Spitzer sources of Flat SED: associated objects
table7.dat 59 45 Properties of Class 0/I objects
table8.dat 59 26 Properties of flat SED sources
table9.dat 82 155 Properties of Class II objects derived from the SEDs
table10.dat 87 20 NIR-excess stars identified in the Omega-Cass images
table11.dat 73 9 AllWISE point sources selected as candidate YSOs
table12.dat 48 7 Properties of Class II AllWISE sources, derived
from the SEDs
tablea1.dat 126 90 *UBVRcIcJHK magnitudes of the Class II candidate YSOs
of L1340, not detected as Hα emission stars
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note on tablea1.dat: We list UBVRcIc magnitudes, transformed from the SDSS data,
and 2MASS JHKs magnitudes of the color-selected candidate Class II young stars
associated with L1340, excluding the Hα emission stars, whose data are
given in Paper III (Kun et al. 2016, J/ApJ/822/79).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
II/327 : AKARI Far-Infrared Surveyor YSO catalog (Toth+, 2014)
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
VI/139 : Herschel Observation Log (Herschel Science Centre, 2013)
V/139 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 9 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2012)
II/298 : AKARI/FIS All-Sky Survey Point Source Catalogues (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)
II/297 : AKARI/IRC mid-IR all-sky Survey (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
II/125 : IRAS catalogue of Point Sources, Version 2.0 (IPAC 1986)
J/MNRAS/458/3479 : SVM selection of WISE YSO Candidates (Marton+, 2016)
J/ApJ/822/79 : YSOs search in LDN 1340 in optical (Kun+, 2016)
J/ApJS/220/11 : SEDs of Spitzer YSOs in the Gould Belt (Dunham+, 2015)
J/ApJ/795/L26 : Candidate eruptive young stars in Lynds 1340 (Kun+, 2014)
J/ApJS/208/9 : Intrinsic colors and temperatures of PMS stars (Pecaut+, 2013)
J/ApJ/756/76 : Planck cold dust clumps CO survey (Wu+, 2012)
J/AJ/144/31 : Spitzer+2MASS photom. of protostar cand. (Kryukova+, 2012)
J/ApJ/733/L8 : Optical and IR photometry of [KOS94] HA11 (Kun+, 2011)
J/AJ/140/462 : Intermediate-mass star-forming regions (Arvidsson+, 2010)
J/ApJS/184/18 : Spitzer survey of young stellar clusters (Gutermuth+, 2009)
J/ApJ/692/973 : Protostars in Perseus, Serpens and Ophiuchus (Enoch+, 2009)
J/ApJS/175/277 : Submillimeter-Continuum SCUBA detections (Di Francesco+, 2008)
http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/SPITZER/Enhanced/SEIP/ : NASA SEIP access
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[123].dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Seq ? Running sequence number (only for
tables 1 and 2)
4- 21 A18 --- SSTSL2 SSTSL2 identifier (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
23 A1 --- f_SSTSL2 [*bc] Flag on SSTSL2 (1)
25- 31 F7.3 mJy F3.6 [0.02/220]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um band flux density
33- 38 F6.3 mJy e_F3.6 [0.001/29]? Uncertainty in F3.6
40 A1 --- f_F3.6 [a] Flag on F3.6 (2)
42- 48 F7.3 mJy F4.5 [0.03/269]? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um band flux density
50- 54 F5.3 mJy e_F4.5 [0.001/8]? Uncertainty in F4.5
56 A1 --- f_F4.5 [a] Flag on F4.5 (2)
58- 64 F7.3 mJy F5.8 [0.03/362]? Spitzer/IRAC 5.8um band flux density
66- 70 F5.3 mJy e_F5.8 [0.001/8]? Uncertainty in F5.8
72 A1 --- f_F5.8 [a] Flag on F5.8 (2)
74 A1 --- l_F8.0 Limit flag on F8.0
75- 81 F7.3 mJy F8.0 [0.02/529]? Spitzer/IRAC 8.0um band flux density
83- 88 F6.3 mJy e_F8.0 [0.001/19]? Uncertainty in F8.0
90 A1 --- f_F8.0 [a] Flag on F8.0 (2)
92 A1 --- l_F24 Limit flag on F24
93-100 F8.3 mJy F24 [0.2/2070]? Spitzer/MIPS 24um band flux density
102-107 F6.3 mJy e_F24 [0.1/83]? Uncertainty in F24
109 A1 --- f_F24 [a] Flag on F24 (2)
111-118 F8.3 mJy F70 [36/2497]? Spitzer/MIPS 70um band flux density
from our measurement
120-126 F7.3 mJy e_F70 [2/176]? Uncertainty in F70
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flag as follows:
* = Hα emission star;
presented in Paper III (Kun+, 2016, J/ApJ/822/79).
b = This source is not listed in the SEIP Source List. The identifier is
based on the position in the MIPS 70-micron image, and the fluxes were
measured as described in Section 2.1.
c = This source is not listed in the SEIP Source List. The identifier is
based on the position in the SEIP Super Mosaic images of the region.
Note (2):
a = This flux results from our measurement.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Seq [1/20] Running sequence number
4- 21 A18 --- SSTSL2 SSTSL2 identifier (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
23- 30 F8.5 deg RAdeg Right ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
32- 39 F8.5 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
41- 48 F8.3 mJy F100 [0.4/9900] Herschel/PACS 100um flux
50- 56 F7.3 mJy e_F100 [47/354]? F100 uncertainty
58- 66 F9.3 mJy F160 [101/12000]? Herschel/PACS 160um flux
68- 74 F7.3 mJy e_F160 [38/380]? F160 uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[56].dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 A18 --- SSTSL2 SSTSL2 identifier (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
20- 37 A18 --- SDSS SDSS-DR9 identifier (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
38 A1 --- f_SDSS [g*] Flag on SDSS (not explained in the paper)
40- 55 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS identifier (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
57- 74 A18 --- WISEA AllWISE identifier (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
76- 86 A11 --- IRAS IRAS identifier (HHMMm+DDMM; B1950)
88-101 A14 --- Akari Akari FIS (II/298) identifier
(HHMMSSs+DDMMSS; J2000) (only for table 5)
103-117 A15 --- JCMTSF JCMTSF identifier (HHMMSS.s+DDMMSS; J2000) (4)
119-139 A21 --- OName Other identifier(s)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (4): JCMT Survey, SCUBA Fundamental. See Di Francesco et al.,
2008, J/ApJS/175/277)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table[78].dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 A18 --- SSTSL2 SST SL2 identifier
20- 22 F3.1 mag Av [0.9/6] Extinction in V band
24- 28 F5.2 --- alpha1 [-0.4/1.6]? The (K band to 24um) spectral index
29 A1 --- f_alpha1 [a] Flag on alpha1 (3)
31- 35 F5.2 --- alpha2 [-1.1/2.4]? The (3.6um to 24um) spectral index
36 A1 --- f_alpha2 [b] Flag on alpha2 (3)
38- 42 F5.2 --- alpha3 [-1.2/3.8]? The (3.6um to 8um) spectral index
44- 48 F5.2 --- alpha4 [-1.2/4.3]? The (24um to 70um) spectral index
(only for table 7)
50- 53 I4 K Tbol [31/3472]? Bolometric temperature
55- 59 F5.2 Lsun Lbol [0.01/28.5]? Bolometric luminosity
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (3): Flag as follows:
a = α(K-22), since this source is outside of the MIPS images.
b = α(3.6-22), since this source is outside of the MIPS images.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 A18 --- SSTSL2 SST SL2 identifier (3)
20 A1 --- f_SSTSL2 [*] * = Hα emission star
22- 23 A2 --- SpT MK spectral type
25- 28 F4.1 mag Av [0.2/12]? Extinction in V band
30- 33 I4 K Teff [2880/6050]? Effective temperature
35- 39 F5.2 Lsun Lum [0.02/32]? Stellar luminosity
41- 44 I4 K Tbol [1119/4577]? Bolometric temperature
46- 50 F5.2 Lsun Lbol [0.02/32]? Bolometric luminosity
52- 56 F5.2 --- alpha1 [-3.4/-0.1]? The (K band to 24um) spectral index
58 A1 --- f_alpha1 [ac] Flag on alpha1 (4)
60- 64 F5.2 --- alpha2 [-2.8/1.4]? The (3.6um to 8.0um) spectral index
66 A1 --- f_alpha2 [abc] Flag on alpha2 (4)
68- 72 F5.2 --- alpha3 [-3.5/1.8]? The (8.0um to 24um) spectral index
74- 82 A9 --- SED SED subtype (5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (3): Note added by CDS: source "023219.74+723845.2" corrected with the
SSTSL2 identifier "023219.76+723844.9" for consitancy with table 3 and
with the SEIP SSTSL2 source list (http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/
workspace/TMPcelLU91649/Gator/irsa/5753/tbview.html).
Note (4): Flag as follows:
a = α(K-22), since this source is outside of the MIPS images.
b = α(3.6-5.8).
c = α(3.6-24).
Note (5): SED subtype as follows:
IIP = primordial,
IIA = weak
IIT = transitional.
See section 4.5.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table10.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 --- Seq [1/20] Running sequence number
4 A1 --- f_Seq [a] a: new candidate YSO
6- 11 F6.3 mag Jmag [11.4/17.6] Omega-Cass J-band magnitude
13- 17 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.01/0.03] Jmag uncertainty
19- 24 F6.3 mag Hmag [10.2/16.4] Omega-Cass H-band magnitude
26- 30 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.004/0.03] Hmag uncertainty
32- 37 F6.3 mag Kmag [9.1/15.9] Omega-Cass K-band magnitude
39- 43 F5.3 mag e_Kmag [0.001/0.06] Kmag uncertainty
45- 60 A16 --- 2MASS 2MASS name if any (HHMMSSss+DDMMSSs; J2000)
62- 87 A26 --- OName Other name or coordinates
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table11.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 A18 --- WISEA AllWISE name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
20- 22 A3 --- f_WISEA [ab, ] Flag(s) on WISEA (1)
24- 29 F6.3 mag W1mag [10.5/14.3] AllWISE W1 magnitude (3.35um)
31- 35 F5.3 mag e_W1mag [0.02/0.03] W1mag uncertainty
37- 42 F6.3 mag W2mag [10.1/12.7] AllWISE W2 magnitude (4.6um)
44- 48 F5.3 mag e_W2mag [0.02/0.03] W2mag uncertainty
50- 55 F6.3 mag W3mag [8.2/12.3] AllWISE W3 magnitude (11.6um)
57- 61 F5.3 mag e_W3mag [0.02/0.4] W3mag uncertainty
63- 67 F5.3 mag W4mag [6.2/8.5] AllWISE W4 magnitude (22.1um)
69- 73 F5.3 mag e_W4mag [0.05/0.4] W4mag uncertainty
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flag as follows:
a = Hα emission star (Paper III; Kuhn et al. 2016, J/ApJ/822/79).
b = This source is located within the field of view of the Spitzer
observations, but missing from the SEIP Source List.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table12.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 A18 --- WISEA AllWISE name (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
20- 21 A2 --- SpT MK spectral type
23- 25 F3.1 mag Av [1/3.8] V-band extinction
27- 30 I4 K Teff [3770/4920] Effective temperature
32- 36 F5.3 Lsun L* [0.222/2.07] Luminosity
38- 43 F6.3 --- alpha [-1.2/-0.7] K-band to 22um spectral index
45- 48 A4 --- Class SED subtype
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 18 A18 --- SSTSL2 SST SL2 identifier (HHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s; J2000)
20- 22 A3 --- f_SSTSL2 [ab, ] Flag(s) on SSTSL2 (1)
24- 29 F6.3 mag Umag [16.2/27.9]? U-band magnitude (2)
31- 35 F5.3 mag e_Umag [0.01/3.1]? Umag uncertainty
37- 42 F6.3 mag Bmag [15.2/26.9]? B-band magnitude (2)
44- 48 F5.3 mag e_Bmag [0.007/1.2]? Bmag uncertainty
50- 55 F6.3 mag Vmag [13.5/26.7]? V-band magnitude (2)
57- 61 F5.3 mag e_Vmag [0.007/1.2]? Vmag uncertainty
63- 68 F6.3 mag Rcmag [13.4/26]? Rc-band magnitude (2)
70- 74 F5.3 mag e_Rcmag [0.007/2]? Rcmag uncertainty
76- 81 F6.3 mag Icmag [13.7/22.1]? Ic-band magnitude (2)
83- 87 F5.3 mag e_Icmag [0.008/2.6]? Icmag uncertainty
89- 94 F6.3 mag Jmag [9.9/18.7]? 2MASS J-band magnitude
96-100 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.02/0.3]? Jmag uncertainty
102-107 F6.3 mag Hmag [9/16.2]? 2MASS H-band magnitude
109-113 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.02/0.3]? Hmag uncertainty
115-120 F6.3 mag Ksmag [8.5/15.7]? 2MASS Ks-band magnitude
122-126 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag [0.01/0.3]? Ksmag uncertainty
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Note (1): Flag as follows:
a = UBVRI magnitudes of this star is transformed from the SDSS DR7 data.
b = SDSS classifies this object as a galaxy.
Note (2): UBVRcIc magnitudes were transformed from the SDSS data, using the
equations published by Ivezic et al. (2007ASPC..364..165I 2007ASPC..364..165I)
(for BVRcIc) and Jordi et al. (2006A&A...460..339J 2006A&A...460..339J) (for U).
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
References:
Kun et al. Paper I. 1994A&A...292..249K 1994A&A...292..249K
Kun et al. Paper II. 2003A&A...398..169K 2003A&A...398..169K
Kun et al. Paper III. 2016ApJ...822...79K 2016ApJ...822...79K J/ApJ/822/79
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 13-Jul-2016