J/ApJS/224/8 The first Fermi LAT SNR catalog (1SC) (Acero+, 2016)
The first Fermi LAT supernova remnant catalog.
Acero F., Ackermann M., Ajello M., Baldini L., Ballet J., Barbiellini G.,
Bastieri D., Bellazzini R., Bissaldi E., Blandford R.D., Bloom E.D.,
Bonino R., Bottacini E., Brandt T.J., Bregeon J., Bruel P., Buehler R.,
Buson S., Caliandro G.A., Cameron R.A., Caputo R., Caragiulo M.,
Caraveo P.A., Casandjian J.M., Cavazzuti E., Cecchi C., Chekhtman A.,
Chiang J., Chiaro G., Ciprini S., Claus R., Cohen J.M., Cohen-Tanugi J.,
Cominsky L.R., Condon B., Conrad J., Cutini S., D'Ammando F.,
de Angelis A., de Palma F., Desiante R., Digel S.W., Di Venere L.,
Drell P.S., Drlica-Wagner A., Favuzzi C., Ferrara E.C., Franckowiak A.,
Fukazawa Y., Funk S., Fusco P., Gargano F., Gasparrini D., Giglietto N.,
Giommi P., Giordano F., Giroletti M., Glanzman T., Godfrey G.,
Gomez-Vargas G.A., Grenier I.A., Grondin M.-H., Guillemot L., Guiriec S.,
Gustafsson M., Hadasch D., Harding A.K., Hayashida M., Hays E.,
Hewitt J.W., Hill A.B., Horan D., Hou X., Iafrate G., Jogler T.,
Johannesson G., Johnson A.S., Kamae T., Katagiri H., Kataoka J.,
Katsuta J., Kerr M., Knodlseder J., Kocevski D., Kuss M., Laffon H.,
Lande J., Larsson S., Latronico L., Lemoine-Goumard M., Li J., Li L.,
Longo F., Loparco F., Lovellette M.N., Lubrano P., Magill J., Maldera S.,
Marelli M., Mayer M., Mazziotta M.N., Michelson P.F., Mitthumsiri W.,
Mizuno T., Moiseev A.A., Monzani M.E., Moretti E., Morselli A.,
Moskalenko I.V., Murgia S., Nemmen R., Nuss E., Ohsugi T., Omodei N.,
Orienti M., Orlando E., Ormes J.F., Paneque D., Perkins J.S.,
Pesce-Rollins M., Petrosian V., Piron F., Pivato G., Porter T.A., Raino S.,
Rando R., Razzano M., Razzaque S., Reimer A., Reimer O., Renaud M.,
Reposeur T., Rousseau R., Saz Parkinson P.M., Schmid J., Schulz A.,
Sgro C., Siskind E.J., Spada F., Spandre G., Spinelli P., Strong A.W.,
Suson D.J., Tajima H., Takahashi H., Tanaka T., Thayer J.B., Thompson D.J.,
Tibaldo L., Tibolla O., Torres D.F., Tosti G., Troja E., Uchiyama Y.,
Vianello G., Wells B., Wood K.S., Wood M., Yassine M., den Hartog P.R.,
Zimmer S.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 224, 8 (2016)>
=2016ApJS..224....8A 2016ApJS..224....8A (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Supernova remnants ; Gamma rays ; Surveys ; Stars, distances
Keywords: acceleration of particles; catalogs; cosmic rays; gamma-rays: ISM;
ISM: supernova remnants; radiation mechanisms: nonthermal
Abstract:
To uniformly determine the properties of supernova remnants (SNRs) at
high energies, we have developed the first systematic survey at
energies from 1 to 100GeV using data from the Fermi Large Area
Telescope (LAT). Based on the spatial overlap of sources detected at
GeV energies with SNRs known from radio surveys, we classify 30
sources as likely GeV SNRs. We also report 14 marginal associations
and 245 flux upper limits. A mock catalog in which the positions of
known remnants are scrambled in Galactic longitude allows us to
determine an upper limit of 22% on the number of GeV candidates
falsely identified as SNRs. We have also developed a method to
estimate spectral and spatial systematic errors arising from the
diffuse interstellar emission model, a key component of all Galactic
Fermi LAT analyses. By studying remnants uniformly in aggregate, we
measure the GeV properties common to these objects and provide a
crucial context for the detailed modeling of individual SNRs.
Combining our GeV results with multiwavelength (MW) data, including
radio, X-ray, and TeV, we demonstrate the need for improvements to
previously sufficient, simple models describing the GeV and radio
emission from these objects. We model the GeV and MW emission from
SNRs in aggregate to constrain their maximal contribution to observed
Galactic cosmic rays.
Description:
We have systematically characterized the Fermi/LAT 1-100GeV emission
from 36 months (from 2008 August 4 to 2011 August 4) in 279 regions
containing known radio SNRs, identifying sources emitting in the
regions and then determining the likelihood that the source nearest
the SNR is associated with it. We found 102 candidates, 30 of which
have sufficient spatial overlap and significance with the alternative
IEMs to suggest they are the GeV counterparts to their corresponding
radio SNRs and an additional 14 candidates which may also be related
to the SNRs.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 272 102 First Fermi LAT catalog of SNRs (SNR_CATALOG);
spatial and spectral results (tables 1 and 2)
limits.dat 57 245 SNR upper limits (SNRUPPERLIMITS) (table 3)
mwinfo.dat 429 279 Multiwavelength data (MW_INFO) (tables 4-7)
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Description of file: Also available on FTP, the fixed FITS file for the catalog:
1SCcatalogv02fixed.fits (sent by the author) containing the three bintable
SNR_CATALOG, SNRUPPERLIMITS and MW_INFO -- this file should also be updated
on http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/1st_SNR_catalog/
See also:
VII/272 : A catalogue of Galactic supernova remnants (Green, 2014)
J/ApJS/218/23 : Fermi LAT third source catalog (3FGL) (Acero+, 2015)
J/ApJS/217/4 : 2FGL sources observed between 5-9GHz (Schinzel+, 2015)
J/ApJS/208/17 : 2nd Fermi LAT cat. of gamma-ray pulsars (2PC) (Abdo+, 2013)
J/ApJ/771/57 : FAVA/Fermi-LAT flaring gamma-ray sources (Ackermann+, 2013)
J/other/Sci/340.45 : Fast shocks around SN 1006 (Nikolic+, 2013)
J/ApJ/753/83 : Associations to 1FGL sources (Ackermann+, 2012)
J/ApJS/199/31 : Fermi LAT second source catalog (2FGL) (Nolan+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/372/777 : Parkes Multibeam Pulsar Survey. VI. (Lorimer+, 2006)
J/ApJS/73/781 : X-ray observations of galactic SNRs (Seward, 1990)
http://tevcat.uchicago.edu/ : TeVCat online gamma-ray catalog
http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/1st_SNR_catalog/ : Fermi LAT
SNR catalog home page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [SNR]
4- 13 A10 --- SNR SNR identifier (LLL.l+BB.B)
15- 35 A21 --- Class Classification ("Classified" (30 sources),
"Marginally classified" or "Not an SNR")
37- 44 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
46- 53 F8.4 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
55- 60 F6.4 deg e_RAdeg [0.002/0.2] 1σ statistical error
in best fit on RAdeg
62- 67 F6.4 deg e_DEdeg [0.002/0.3] 1σ statistical error
in best fit on DEdeg
69- 74 F6.4 deg s_RAdeg [0/2.2] 1σ systematic error from
alternative IEMs in best fit on RAdeg
76- 81 F6.4 deg s_DEdeg [0/1.9] 1σ systematic error from
alternative IEMs in best fit on DEdeg
83- 89 F7.3 deg GLON Candidate SNR position in Galactic longitude
91- 96 F6.3 deg GLAT Candidate SNR position in Galactic latitude
98-102 F5.3 deg amaj [0/0.2]? Long radius of error ellipse
at 68% confidence
104-108 F5.3 deg bmin [0/0.07]? Short radius of error ellipse
at 68% confidence
110-115 F6.2 deg PA [-82.1/86.1]? Position angle of the 68% long
axis from celestial North, positive toward
increasing R.A. (eastward)
117-123 F7.2 --- TS [25.3/5806.8] Source test statistic (TS)
125-131 F7.2 --- TSe [-17.7/5806.6] TSext of the best fit
extended hypothesis over a point source
133-137 F5.3 deg Rad [0.1/3]? Best fit radius of extended disk
139-143 F5.3 deg e_Rad [0.009/0.2]? 1σ statistical error on Rad
145-149 F5.3 deg S_Rad [0/2.1]? 1σ positive systematic error
on Rad from the alternative IEMs
151-155 F5.3 deg s_Rad [0/1.1]? 1σ negative systematic error
on Rad from the alternative IEMs
157 I1 --- F1 [0/8] Number of alternate IEMs for which
a candidates TS became less than 9
159 I1 --- F2 [0/8] Number of alternate IEMs for which the
best extension hypothesis changed, between
extended and point
161 I1 --- F3 [0/9] Number of alternate IEMs which had
problems with during fitting
163-168 F6.4 --- Loc [0/1] Fractional overlap in the GeV candidates
position with respect to Greens catalog
radio SNR
170-175 F6.4 --- Ext [0/1] Fractional overlap in the GeV candidates
extension with respect to Greens catalog
radio SNR
177-180 A4 --- Sp Spectral form: PL (power law) or logP
182-189 E8.3 ph/cm2/s F1000 Photon flux for 1GeV-100GeV
191-198 E8.3 ph/cm2/s e_F1000 1σ statistical uncertainty on F1000
200-207 E8.3 ph/cm2/s S_F1000 1σ positive systematic uncertainty
for F1000
209-216 E8.3 ph/cm2/s s_F1000 1σ negative systematic uncertainty
for F1000
218-221 F4.2 --- Index [0/5] Photon index for PL model;
alpha for logP model
223-226 F4.2 --- e_Index [0/0.8] 1σ statistical uncertainty
on Index
228-231 F4.2 --- S_Index [0/1.6] 1σ positive systematic
uncertainty on Index
233-236 F4.2 --- s_Index [0/1.6] 1σ negative systematic
uncertainty on Index
238-243 F6.2 --- TSc [-13.4/548.1] TS of logP model over simple PL
245-248 F4.2 --- beta [0/1.8] logP beta
250-253 F4.2 --- e_beta [0/0.7] 1σ statistical uncertainty
on beta
255-258 F4.2 --- S_beta [0/0.6] 1σ positive systematic
uncertainty on beta
260-263 F4.2 --- s_beta [0/0.6] 1σ negative systematic
uncertainty on
265-272 A8 --- Best Best hypothesis from the final gtlike fit:
"Disk", "Neardisk" or "Point"
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: limits.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [SNR]
4- 13 A10 --- SNR Supernova remnant name (LLL.l+BB.B)
15- 24 E10.5 ph/cm2/s UL95_I20 95% confidence level upper limit assuming
an index of 2.0
26- 35 E10.5 ph/cm2/s UL99_I20 99% confidence level upper limit assuming
an index of 2.0
37- 46 E10.5 ph/cm2/s UL95_I25 95% confidence level upper limit assuming
an index of 2.5
48- 57 E10.5 ph/cm2/s UL99_I25 99% confidence level upper limit assuming
an index of 2.5
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: mwinfo.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [SNR]
4- 13 A10 --- SNR Supernova remnant name (LLL.l+BB.B)
16- 23 F8.4 deg RAJ2000 Right Ascension (J2000)
25- 32 F8.4 deg DEJ2000 Declination (J2000)
34- 37 F4.2 deg Rad [0.01/2.3] Radio Radius
39- 44 F6.2 deg GLON Galactic longitude
46- 50 F5.2 deg GLAT Galactic latitude
52- 56 A5 --- Xs? Is SNR X-ray synchrotron emitting? ("False",
"True" or "?")
58-116 A59 --- r_Xs? Bibcode(s) for X-ray synchrotron reference
118-121 A4 --- Int? [True] Is SNR interacting with molecular clouds?
123-130 A8 --- n_Int? SNR interacting evidence(s)
(Interacting_Evidence)
132-231 A100 --- r_Int? Bibcode(s) for Interacting reference
233-237 F5.2 kpc Dist [0.2/17.4]? Distance to SNR
239-243 F5.2 kpc e_Dist [0/11.1]? Nearby Distance uncertainty
(NearUnc_Distance)
245-249 F5.2 kpc E_Dist ? Far Distance uncertainty (FarUnc_Distance)
251-258 A8 --- n_Dist Method used for distance determination
260-338 A79 --- r_Dist Reference(s) for distance measurement
340-344 F5.2 --- Index [-2.1/3.1]? TeV index
346-349 F4.2 --- e_Index [0/0.6]? TeV index uncertainty
351-429 A79 --- r_Index Reference(s) for TeV index
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History:
Downloaded at: http://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/1st_SNR_catalog/
(tar archive file with 1SCcatalogv02)
Acknowledgments:
Francesco de Palma [Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare]
(F1000 values fixed in 1SC_catalog -- were always =0)
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 27-Jun-2016