J/ApJS/241/38 A comprehensive analysis of Spitzer supernovae (Szalai+, 2019)
A comprehensive analysis of Spitzer supernovae.
Szalai T., Zsiros S., Fox O.D., Pejcha O., Muller T.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 241, 38 (2019)>
=2019ApJS..241...38S 2019ApJS..241...38S
ADC_Keywords: Supernovae; Photometry, infrared; Stars, distances
Keywords: circumstellar matter ; infrared: stars ; supernovae: general
Abstract:
The mid-infrared (mid-IR) wavelength regime offers several advantages
for following the late-time evolution of supernovae (SNe). First, the
peaks of the SN spectral energy distributions shift toward longer
wavelengths, following the photospheric phase. Second, mid-IR
observations suffer less from effects of interstellar extinction.
Third, and perhaps most important, the mid-IR traces dust formation
and circumstellar interaction at late times (>100 days) after the
radioactive ejecta component fades. The Spitzer Space Telescope has
provided substantial mid-IR observations of SNe since its launch in
2003. More than 200 SNe have been targeted, but there are even more
SNe that have been observed serendipitously. Here we present the
results of a comprehensive study based on archival Spitzer/IRAC images
of more than 1100 SN positions; from this sample, 119 SNe of various
subclasses have been detected, including 45 SNe with previously
unpublished mid-IR photometry. The photometry reveals significant
amounts of warm dust in some cases. We perform an in-depth analysis to
constrain the origin and heating mechanism of the dust, and present
the resulting statistics.
Description:
Here we presented a comprehensive study of all SNe (discovered before
2015) observed with Spitzer/IRAC, both targeted and untargeted. In
total, we increased the published sample of Spitzer SNe by a factor of
∼5x (from ∼200 to ∼1100), including nearly ∼2x more detections (∼70 to
∼120).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table4.dat 91 113 Basic parameters of the studied SNe with
positive Spitzer detection
table5.dat 89 77 Mid-IR fluxes of SNe with previously
unreported Spitzer photometry
table6.dat 70 335 3.6 and 4.5um absolute Vega magnitudes of all SNe
positively detected by Spitzer/IRAC
refs.dat 69 149 References
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See also:
B/sn : Asiago Supernova Catalogue (Barbon et al., 1999-)
J/ApJ/663/320 : IR-through-UV extinction curve (Fitzpatrick+, 2007)
J/A+A/538/A120 : A unified supernova catalogue (Lennarz+, 2012)
J/ApJ/756/173 : Photometry of SNe II 2005ip & 2006jd (Stritzinger+, 2012)
J/MNRAS/433/1312 : SN2009ip UBVRI, UVOT and JHK light curves (Fraser+, 2013)
J/ApJ/778/L19 : SN 2011dh (type IIb) 3.6 & 4.5um LCs (Helou+, 2013)
J/other/Nat/494.65 : SN 2010mc outburst before explosion (Ofek+, 2013)
J/ApJ/782/42 : Panchromatic observations of PTF11qcj (Corsi+, 2014)
J/ApJ/788/48 : X-ray through NIR photometry of NGC 2617 (Shappee+, 2014)
J/A+A/580/A142 : SN 2011dh. The first two years (Ergon+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/464/2672 : ASAS-SN bright SN catalog 2013-2014 (Holoien+, 2017)
J/ApJ/839/88 : IR transients with Spitzer (SPRITEs) (Kasliwal+, 2017)
http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/lists/Supernovae.html : The CBAT list of SNe
http://sne.space/ : The Open Supernova Catalog home page
http://sha.ipac.caltech.edu/applications/Spitzer/SHA/ : Spitzer archive on IRSA
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1 A1 --- f_ID [*] Flag on ID (G1)
3- 11 A9 --- ID Object identifier
13- 19 A7 --- Type SN type
21- 25 I5 d MJD [49074/56950] Modified Julian Date of discovery
27- 39 A13 --- Host Host Galaxy identifier
41- 42 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
44- 45 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
47- 51 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
53 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
54- 55 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
57- 58 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
60- 64 F5.2 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
66- 70 F5.1 Mpc Dist [3.3/280] Distance
71 A1 --- f_Dist [d] d = Distance calculated from redshift
73- 76 F4.1 Mpc e_Dist [0.2/24.0]? Uncertainty in Dist
79- 82 F4.2 mag E(B-V) [0.01/0.36] The (B-V) color excess
84- 91 A8 --- Ref Reference code(s) (see refs.dat file)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1 A1 --- n_ID [I] Note on ID (1)
3 A1 --- f_ID [*] Flag on ID (G1)
5- 13 A9 --- ID Object identifier
15- 17 A3 --- Meth Photometric methods used on ID (2)
19- 25 A7 --- Type SN type
27- 31 I5 d MJD [53047/57285] Modified Julian Date of
the observation
33- 44 A12 --- PID Program identifier of the observation (3)
46- 49 I4 d Epoch [8/1735] Days since discovery
51- 54 I4 uJy F3.6 [5/3640]? Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um band flux density
55 A1 --- f_F3.6 [n] Flag on F3.6 (G2)
57- 59 I3 uJy e_F3.6 [5/112]? Uncertainty in F3.6
61- 64 I4 uJy F4.5 [5/2903]? Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um band flux density
65 A1 --- f_F4.5 [n] Flag on F4.5 (G2)
67- 68 I2 uJy e_F4.5 [4/96]? Uncertainty in F4.5
70- 72 I3 uJy F5.8 [14/481]? Spitzer/IRAC 5.8um band flux density
73 A1 --- f_F5.8 [n] Flag on F5.8 (G2)
75- 76 I2 uJy e_F5.8 [8/50]? Uncertainty in F5.8
78- 80 I3 uJy F8.0 [54/859]? Spitzer/IRAC 8.0um band flux density
81 A1 --- f_F8.0 [n] Flag on F8.0 (G2)
83- 85 I3 uJy e_F8.0 [14/105]? Uncertainty in F8.0
87- 89 A3 --- Targ SN-targeted? ("Yes", 41 occurrences; or "No")
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Note (1):
I = The image subtraction can not be applied (in all these cases,
measured fluxes can be handled only as upper limits).
Note (2): Methods as follows:
a = aperture photometry on the original images;
b = photometry after subtracting a very late-time image + flux differences
c = photometry after subtracting a pre-explosion image + flux differences;
d = "Fox+11 method" (2011ApJ...741....7F 2011ApJ...741....7F).
Note (3): Program identifier as follows:
e = 3641 (PI van Dyk);
f = 159 (PI Kennicutt);
g = 20256 (PI Meikle);
h = 69 (PI Fazio);
i = 3672 (PI Mazzarella);
j = 80072 (PI Tully);
k = 30292 (PI Meikle);
m = 40619 (PI Kotak);
n = 50111 (PI McGaugh);
o = 80089 (PI Sanders);
p = 61060 (PI Sheth);
q = 30496 (PI Fisher);
r = 80254 (PI Stern);
s = 61065 (PI Sheth);
t = 61003 (PI Freedman);
u = 61009 (PI Freedman);
v = 60166 (PI Garnavich);
w = 11053 (PI Fox);
x = 70008 (PI Andrews);
y = 80131 (PI Andrews);
z = 70038 (PI Sanders);
ε = 10139 (PI Fox);
ζ = 90137 (PI Fox);
α = 61066 (PI Sheth);
β = 61062 (PI Sheth);
γ = 10046 (PI Sanders);
δ = 80023 (PI Fox);
ϕ = 90178 (PI Andrews);
η = 80069 (PI Beygu);
ϑ = 10152 (PI Kasliwal);
ι = 10136 (PI Kasliwal);
κ = 800025 (PI van Zee);
µ = 80196 (PI Kasliwal);
ν = 11063 (PI Kasliwal).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1 A1 --- n_ID [I] Note on ID (1)
3- 11 A9 --- ID Object identifier
13 A1 --- f_ID [D] Flag on ID (2)
15- 21 A7 --- Type SN type
23- 27 I5 d MJD [52948/57855] Modified Julian Date of
the observation
29 A1 --- f_MJD Flag on MJD (3)
31- 34 I4 d Epoch [2/7746] Days since discovery
36- 41 F6.2 mag 3.6Mag [-22.3/-10.4]? Absolute Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um
band magnitude
42 A1 --- f_3.6Mag [n] Flag on 3.6Mag (G2)
44- 47 F4.2 mag e_3.6Mag [0.05/1.51]? Uncertainty in 3.6Mag
49- 54 F6.2 mag 4.5Mag [-22.9/-10.7]? Absolute Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um
band magnitude
55 A1 --- f_4.5Mag [n] Flag on 4.5Mag (G2)
57- 60 F4.2 mag e_4.5Mag [0.06/1.4]? Uncertainty in 4.5Mag
62- 70 A9 --- Ref Source for fluxes, distances, epochs and E(B-V)
values (see refs.dat file)
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Note (1):
I = The image subtraction can not be applied.
Note (2):
D = In the case of SN 2009ip, epochs are given regarding the SN-like
outburst observed in 2012. Data marked with italic denote cases where
image subtraction can not be applied.
Note (3): Sources of new data of previously known positive Spitzer
targets (PID):
a = 90174 (PI Fox);
b = 10139 (PI Fox);
c = 11053 (PI Fox);
d = 12099 (PI Fraser);
e = 13053 (PI Kasliwal);
f = 11063 (PI Kasliwal).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Ref Reference code
5- 23 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode of the reference
25- 45 A21 --- Auth First author's name(s)
47- 69 A23 --- Comm Comment
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Global notes:
Note (G1):
* = Positive detection based on single-epoch imaging, see text for details.
Note (G2):
D = no point source at the position of the SN in this band.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 29-Nov-2019