J/ApJS/259/41 Photometry of M31 AGB sample (Goldman+, 2022)
A census of thermally-pulsing AGB stars in the Andromeda galaxy and
a first estimate of their contribution to the global dust budget.
Goldman S.R., Boyer M.L., Dalcanton J., McDonald I., Girardi L.,
Williams B.F., Srinivasan S., Gordon K.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser. 259, 41 (2022)>
=2022ApJS..259...41G 2022ApJS..259...41G (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxies, nearby ; Stars, variable ; Photometry ; Stars, late-type
Keywords: galaxies: dwarf - galaxies: stellar content - infrared: stars -
Local Group - stars: AGB and post-AGB - stars: carbon
Abstract:
We present a near-complete catalog of the metal-rich population of
thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the northwest
quadrant of M31. This metal-rich sample complements the equally
complete metal-poor Magellanic Cloud AGB catalogs produced by the SAGE
program. Our catalog includes Hubble Space Telescope (HST) wide-band
photometry from the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury survey, HST
medium-band photometry used to chemically classify a subset of the
sample, and Spitzer mid- and far-IR photometry that we have used to
isolate dust-producing AGB stars. We have detected 346623 AGB stars;
these include 4802 AGB candidates producing considerable dust, and
1356 AGB candidates that lie within clusters with measured ages, and
in some cases metallicities. Using the Spitzer data and chemical
classifications made with the medium-band data, we have identified
both carbon- and oxygen-rich AGB candidates producing significant
dust. We have applied color-mass-loss relations based on dusty-AGB
stars from the LMC to estimate the dust injection by AGB stars in the
PHAT footprint. Applying our color relations to a subset of the
chemically classified stars producing the bulk of the dust, we find
that ∼97.8% of the dust is oxygen-rich. Using several scenarios for
the dust lifetime, we have estimated the contribution of AGB stars to
the global dust budget of M31 to be 0.9%-35.5%, which is in line
with previous estimates in the Magellanic Clouds. Follow-up
observations of the M31 AGB candidates with the JWST will allow us to
further constrain stellar and chemical evolutionary models, and the
feedback and dust production of metal-rich evolved stars.
Description:
UV to IR photometry for AGB candidates in the PHAT footprint of M31.
Additional classifications for carbon and oxygen-rich AGB stars,
heavily dust enshrouded AGB stars, Red Helium Burning and Red
Supergiant candidates, and associated cluster properties, where
available.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 463 346623 Photometry of the M31 AGB sample;
from erratum published in 2023ApJS..268...71G 2023ApJS..268...71G
(updated on 16-Jul-2026)
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See also:
J/AJ/141/61 : Star clusters in M31. II. (Caldwell+, 2011)
J/ApJS/215/9 : PHAT X. UV-IR photometry of M31 stars (Williams+, 2014)
J/ApJ/802/127 : PHAT stellar cluster survey. II. AP catalog (Johnson+, 2015)
J/ApJS/216/10 : DUSTiNGS. I. The Good Source Catalog (Boyer+, 2015)
J/ApJS/228/5 : Spitzer photometry of ∼1million stars in M31 + 15 gal.
(Khan, 2017)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 6 I6 --- ID [1/346623] This catalog's internal identifier
8- 25 F18.15 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (J2000)
27- 44 F18.15 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
46- 48 I3 --- Brick [-99/23] PHAT brick identifier (1)
50- 55 F6.3 kpc R [0/20] Deprojected radius from galaxy center
57- 62 F6.3 [-] [M/H] [-0.3/0.11] Estimated [M/H] based on R
(Z-Rad) (2)
64- 68 I5 --- Cl-ID [0/15121]?=-99.999 Cluster catalog identifier
(Clst-ID) (3)
70- 73 F4.1 [-] Cl-[Fe/H] [-2.4/0.4]?=-99.999 Cluster [Fe/H]
(Clst-Z) (3) (4)
75- 79 F5.2 [yr] logCl-Age [0/10.3]?=-99.999 log cluster age
(Clst-Age) (3)
81- 83 F3.1 [Msun] logCl-Mass [0/7]?=-99.999 log cluster mass (Clst-M) (3)
85- 89 F5.2 arcsec Cl-Rad [0/6.4]?=-99.999 Cluster visible radius
(Clst-R) (3)
91- 95 F5.2 arcsec Cl-Dist [0/4.8]?=-99.999 Source distance to cluster
center (Clst-D) (3)
97-103 F7.3 mag F275W [15.6/41]?=0 HST/WFC3/UVIS F275W band
magnitude (5)
105-111 F7.3 mag e_F275W [0.002/10]?=0 Uncertainty in F275W (5)
113-119 F7.3 mag F336W [17.7/41]?=0 HST/WFC3/UVIS F336W band
magnitude (5)
121-127 F7.3 mag e_F336W [0.001/10]?=0 Uncertainty in F336W (5)
129-135 F7.3 mag F475W [14.7/38]?=0 HST/ACS/WFC F475W band
magnitude (5)
137-143 F7.3 mag e_F475W [0.001/10]?=0 Uncertainty in F475W (5)
145-151 F7.3 mag F814W [13.5/35.2]?=0 HST/ACS/WFC F814W band
magnitude (5)
153-159 F7.3 mag e_F814W [0.001/9]?=0 Uncertainty in F814W (5)
161-167 F7.3 mag F110W [12/26.1]?=0 HST/WFC3/IR F110W band
magnitude (5)
169-175 F7.3 mag e_F110W [0.001/0.3]?=0 Uncertainty in F110W (5)
177-183 F7.3 mag F127M [15/24]?=0 HST/WFC3/IR F127M band
magnitude (6)
185-191 F7.3 mag e_F127M [0.001/0.2]?=0 Uncertainty in F127M (6)
193-199 F7.3 mag F139M [14.8/24]?=0 HST/WFC3/IR F139M band
magnitude (6)
201-207 F7.3 mag e_F139M [0.001/0.3]?=0 Uncertainty in F139M (6)
209-215 F7.3 mag F153M [14.4/23]?=0 HST/WFC3/IR F153M band
magnitude (6)
217-223 F7.3 mag e_F153M [0.001/0.2]?=0 Uncertainty in F153M (6)
225-231 F7.3 mag F160W [12.6/25.4]?=0 HST/WFC3/IR F160W band
magnitude (5)
233-239 F7.3 mag e_F160W [0.001/0.4]?=0 Uncertainty in F160W (5)
241-247 F7.3 --- S-F110W [-9.999/0.4]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/IR F110W band
sharpness
249-255 F7.3 --- S-F160W [-9.999/3]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/IR F160W band
sharpness
257-263 F7.3 --- S-F275W [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/UVIS F275W
band sharpness
265-271 F7.3 --- S-F336W [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/UVIS F336W
band sharpness
273-279 F7.3 --- S-F475W [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/ACS/WFC F475W
band sharpness
281-287 F7.3 --- S-F814W [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/ACS/WFC F814W
band sharpness
289-295 F7.3 --- R-F110w [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/IR F110W
band roundness
297-303 F7.3 --- R-F160W [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/IR F160W
band roundness
305-311 F7.3 --- R-F275W [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/UVIS F275W
band roundness
313-319 F7.3 --- R-F336W [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/UVIS F336W
band roundness
321-327 F7.3 --- R-F475W [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/ACS/WFC F475W
band roundness
329-335 F7.3 --- R-F814W [-9.999/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/ACS/WFC F814W
band roundness
337-343 F7.3 --- C-F110W [0/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/IR F110W band
crowdedness
345-351 F7.3 --- C-F160W [0/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/IR F160W band
crowdedness
353-359 F7.3 --- C-F275W [0/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/UVIS F275W band
crowdedness
361-367 F7.3 --- C-F336W [0/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/WFC3/UVIS F336W band
crowdedness
369-375 F7.3 --- C-F475W [0/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/ACS/WFC F475W band
crowdedness
377-383 F7.3 --- C-F814W [0/9.999]?=-99.999 HST/ACS/WFC F814W band
crowdedness
385-391 F7.3 mag IRAC1 [9.5/18]?=0 Spitzer/IRAC 3.6um band
magnitude (6)
393-399 F7.3 mag e_IRAC1 [0.02/0.3]?=0 Uncertainty in IRAC1 (6)
401-407 F7.3 mag IRAC2 [9.3/18.3]?=0 Spitzer/IRAC 4.5um band
magnitude (6)
409-415 F7.3 mag e_IRAC2 [0.01/0.3]?=0 Uncertainty in IRAC2 (6)
417-423 F7.3 mag IRAC3 [10.4/18.2]?=0 Spitzer/IRAC 5.8um band
magnitude (7)
425-431 F7.3 mag e_IRAC3 [0.01/0.3]?=0 Uncertainty in IRAC3 (7)
433-439 F7.3 mag IRAC4 [8.7/17.4]?=0 Spitzer/IRAC 8um band
magnitude (7)
441-447 F7.3 mag e_IRAC4 [0.01/0.3]?=0 Uncertainty in IRAC4 (7)
449 I1 --- HST-AGB [0/1] Classified here as AGB candidate from
HST criteria
451 I1 --- X-AGB [0/1] Classified here as AGB candidate from
Spitzer criteria
453 I1 --- RHeB [0/1] Classified here as RHeB candidate
455 I1 --- RSG [0/1] Classified here as Red supergiant
candidate in Ren+ 2021ApJ...907...18R 2021ApJ...907...18R
457 A1 --- Chem [cm] AGB photometric chemical type from
HST small regions (8)
459 A1 --- SPLASH [cm] AGB photometric chemical type from
SPLASH subset (8)
461 I1 --- Gaia [0/1]? Gaia foreground candidate
463 I1 --- addedchem [0/1] Sources with chemical classification
recovered in the analysis by Goldman et al.
(2026;
https://doi.org/10.3847/2515-5172/ae8dbd
(recoveredchemtype)
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Note (1): From Williams et al., 2014ApJS..215....9W 2014ApJS..215....9W, Cat. J/ApJS/215/9
Note (2): Relation from Gregersen et al., 2015AJ....150..189G 2015AJ....150..189G
Note (3): From Johnson et al., 2015ApJ...802..127J 2015ApJ...802..127J, Cat. J/ApJ/802/127
(<[JSD2015] AP NNNNN> in Simbad).
Note (4): Measured spectroscopically by Caldwell et al., 2011AJ....141...61C 2011AJ....141...61C,
Cat. J/AJ/141/61
Note (5): From Dalcanton et al., 2012ApJS..200...18D 2012ApJS..200...18D
Note (6): Performed here following Boyer et al., 2015ApJS..216...10B 2015ApJS..216...10B,
Cat. J/ApJS/216/10
Note (7): From Khan, 2017ApJS..228....5K 2017ApJS..228....5K, Cat. J/ApJS/228/5
Note (8): Chemical types were determined by Boyer et al. (2019ApJ...879..109B 2019ApJ...879..109B)
in 21 fields using the medium-band HST photometry (C, M) included in this
catalog, or from the additional DEIMOS/Keck II optical spectra (C, M) from
the SPLASH survey (Hamren et al., 2015ApJ...810...60H 2015ApJ...810...60H).
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Acknowledgements:
Steven R. Goldman, sgoldman(at)usra.edu
History:
18-Jul-2022: on-line version
02-Nov-2023: Table updated from erratum published in 2023ApJS..268...71G 2023ApJS..268...71G
16-Jul-2026: Table updated from author
(End) Patricia Vannier [CDS] 12-Apr-2022