J/ApJS/261/26 Exoplanet host stars from LAMOST, TESS, Kepler & K2 (Su+, 2022)
Magnetic activity and physical parameters of exoplanet host stars based on
LAMOST DR7, TESS, Kepler, and K2 surveys.
Su T., Zhang L.-Y., Long L., Han X.L., Misra P., Meng G., Pi Q., Yang Z.,
Yang J.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 261, 26 (2022)>
=2022ApJS..261...26S 2022ApJS..261...26S
ADC_Keywords: Stars, flare; Exoplanets; Spectra, optical; Radial velocities;
Spectral types; Equivalent widths; Abundances, [Fe/H];
Stars, diameters
Keywords: Stellar chromospheres ; Stellar flares ; Exoplanet catalogs
Abstract:
Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)
low- and medium-resolution spectroscopic surveys are important for
determination of the orbital parameters and chromospheric activity of
extrasolar planet systems. We crossmatched the exoplanet catalog
confirmed before 2021 March 11 with the LAMOST DR7 survey to study
their properties. There are 1026 targets with exoplanets observed in
the LAMOST DR7 low-resolution spectroscopic survey and 158 targets in
the medium-resolution spectroscopic survey. We have calculated the
equivalent width of the Hα line and determined their stellar
activity. The Hα and flare intensities are almost constant for
the Rossby number Ro≤0.12 in the saturated regime and decrease with
increasing Ro in the unsaturated regime. In addition, we searched the
flare events of all stars with exoplanets in the Transiting Exoplanet
Survey Satellite (TESS), Kepler, and K2 surveys. Among the 733
extrasolar planetary systems observed by TESS, we found 481 flares
from 57 stars. For Kepler data, we obtained the light curve of 1699
stars and found 1886 flares from 417 stars. For K2 data, we obtained
the light curves of 347 stars and found 467 flares from 89 stars.
There were light curves of 361 objects with obvious eclipse observed
from the TESS survey. We have fitted their light curves with a high
signal-to-noise ratio using the JKTEBOP program, and we reobtained the
orbital parameters, such as inclination, radius, and period. In the
end, we made a judgment on the habitability of exoplanets of stars
with flares.
Description:
Based on the release of the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber
Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) DR7 (2019 June 8), LAMOST has
released 10,608,416 low-resolution (R∼1800) spectra and 3,889,383
medium-resolution (R∼7500) spectra. We crossmatched the LAMOST
spectral survey with the exoplanet catalog published before
2021-March-11. A total of 1928 spectra from 1026 stars meeting the
requirements were found in the LAMOST low-resolution spectral survey,
and 282 spectra from 121 stars were found in the LAMOST
medium-resolution survey. We selected the spectra with signal-to-noise
ratio (S/N)>10 as our sample. Finally, 1669 low-resolution spectra of
940 stars and 282 medium-resolution spectra of 121 stars were obtained.
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is a space telescope
that was launched from the Cape Canaveral Air Force Base in the United
States on 2018 April 18. By crossmatching the exoplanet catalog with
the first 31 sections of TESS, we obtained 1575 light curves of
733 targets of stars with exoplanets.
The Kepler mission started on 2009 May 2 and ended on 2013 May 11. The
K2 mission started on 2014 February 4 and ended on 2018 September 26.
In this work, we primarily use the data provided by Kepler and K2 in
order to search for the flares and calculate the flare energy. We
found 1886 flares from the light curves of 1699 stars from the Kepler
mission. Based on 347 extrasolar planet targets of K2, we found 467
flares from 89 stars and calculated the energies of the flares.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 141 1668 Low-resolution spectral parameters of exoplanet
host stars in LAMOST DR7
table3.dat 94 282 Medium-resolution spectral parameters of exoplanet
host stars in LAMOST DR7
table4.dat 94 481 Flare parameters of exoplant system of TESS
table5.dat 87 1886 Flare parameters of Kepler
table6.dat 90 467 Flare parameters of K2
table7.dat 113 235 The revised parameters for exoplanet systems
table8.dat 125 1093 Habitable exoplanet parameters
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See also:
II/294 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 7 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2009)
V/133 : Kepler Input Catalog (Kepler Mission Team, 2009)
IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
V/156 : LAMOST DR7 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)
IV/39 : TESS Input Catalog version 8.2 (TIC v8.2) (Paegert+, 2021)
J/AJ/106/2096 : Limb-darkening coefficients in binaries (Van Hamme 1993)
J/AJ/135/785 : SDSS-DR5 low-mass star spectroscopic sample (West+, 2008)
J/A+A/505/901 : OGLE-TR-10 u', g' and i'-band photometry (Bentley+, 2009)
J/ApJ/707/167 : Transiting planetary system WASP-18 (Southworth+, 2009)
J/AJ/140/1402 : M dwarf flares from SDSS spectra (Hilton+, 2010)
J/AJ/141/50 : White-light flares on Kepler cool stars (Walkowicz+, 2011)
J/ApJ/743/48 : Stars with rot. periods & X-ray luminosities (Wright+, 2011)
J/other/Nat/485.478 : Superflares on solar-type stars (Maehara+, 2012)
J/ApJS/209/5 : Superflares of Kepler stars. I. (Shibayama+, 2013)
J/A+A/557/A119 : Eclipsing binary system LL Aquarii (Southworth, 2013)
J/ApJ/795/161 : Activity & rotation in Praesepe & the Hyades (Douglas+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/2 : Revised properties of Q1-16 Kepler targets (Huber+, 2014)
J/A+A/594/A39 : LAMOST-Kepler param. and activity indicators (Frasca+, 2016)
J/ApJS/224/37 : White-light flares on close binaries from Kepler (Gao+, 2016)
J/ApJ/829/34 : Kepler heartbeat star radial velocities (Shporer+, 2016)
J/ApJ/849/36 : Flaring activity of M dwarfs in Kepler field (Yang+, 2017)
J/ApJS/239/2 : Simulated exoplanets from TESS targets (Barclay+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/476/908 : Chromospheric activity in 4 open clusters (Fang+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/220 : V, R and I LCs of 4 new low-mass M-type EBs (Long+, 2018)
J/ApJ/881/9 : EvryFlare. I. Cool stars's flares (Howard+, 2019)
J/ApJS/243/28 : M-type star magnetic activities (Lu+, 2019)
J/ApJS/241/29 : Flare catalog through LC data of Kepler DR25 (Yang+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/60 : Flares from 1228 stars in TESS sectors 1 & 2 (Gunther+, 2020)
J/ApJ/890/46 : Superflares on solar-type stars from TESS 1st yr (Tu+, 2020)
J/ApJS/247/9 : FGK stars magnetic activity in LAMOST-Kepler (Zhang+, 2020)
J/ApJS/247/28 : K2 star param. from Gaia & LAMOST (Hardegree-Ullman+, 2020)
J/ApJS/253/19 : Halpha and other EWs of LAMOST M-type stars (Zhang+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/100 : PAST. II. LAMOST-Gaia-Kepler star catalog (Chen+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/514/4781 : Active stars in the LAMOST-K2 field (Xiang+, 2022)
http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/ : NASA Exoplanet archive
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 A19 --- LAMOST LAMOST identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
21- 31 F11.5 d MJD [55940.13/58604.89] Modified Julian Date
33- 39 F7.2 s Exp [600/5400] Exposure time
41- 46 F6.2 --- SN [10/949] Signal-to-Noise ratio
48- 51 A4 --- SpT Spectral type
53- 60 F8.3 km/s RVel [-165/171]? Radial velocity
62- 68 F7.4 km/s e_RVel [0.3/33]? Uncertainty in RVel
70- 77 F8.5 0.1nm EWHa [-3.7/6.2] Hα equivalent width;
in Angstrom units
79- 87 F9.5 --- SNHa [8.8/272] Signal-to-Noise of EWHa
89- 96 F8.5 0.1nm HHa [1/53] Height of EWHa; in Angstrom units
98-103 F6.3 [Sun] Fe/H [-1.33/0.45]? LAMOST Metallicity
105-109 F5.3 [Sun] e_Fe/H [0.003/0.5]? Uncertainty in Fe/H
111-115 F5.3 [cm/s2] log(g) [2.53/4.85]? LAMOST log surface gravity
117-121 F5.3 [cm/s2] e_log(g) [0.002/0.9]? Uncertainty in log(g)
123-126 I4 K Teff [3871/7853]? LAMOST Effective temperature
128-130 I3 K e_Teff [3/514]? Uncertainty in Teff
132-141 E10.4 --- RHa [-8.3e-6/0.0007]? Chromospheric activity
level, R'Hα (G1)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 A19 --- LAMOST LAMOST identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
21- 26 F6.2 --- SN [10/999] Signal-to-Noise
28- 33 F6.2 km/s RVel [-79/118]? Radial velocity
35- 38 F4.2 km/s e_RVel [0.27/6]? Uncertainty in RVel
40- 46 F7.4 0.1nm EW [-2/18] Hα equivalent width
48- 53 F6.4 0.1nm e_EW [0.016/0.5] Uncertainty in EW
55- 58 I4 K Teff [4079/6987]? LAMOST Effective temperature
60- 64 F5.3 [cm/s2] log(g) [2/4.82]? LAMOST log surface gravity
66- 70 F5.3 [cm/s2] e_log(g) [0.027/0.9]? Uncertainty in log(g)
72- 77 F6.3 [Sun] Fe/H [-1.83/0.25]? LAMOST Metallicity
79- 83 F5.3 [Sun] e_Fe/H [0.017/0.9]? Uncertainty in Fe/H
85- 94 E10.5 --- RHa [-1.2e-5/0.0007]? Chromospheric activity
level, R'Hα (G1)
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 A3 --- --- [TIC]
5- 13 I9 --- TIC TESS identifier
15- 25 F11.6 d Peak [1325.46/2110.18] Peak Heliocentric Julian Date
of flare
27- 37 F11.6 d Start [1325.44/2110.16] Flare Heliocentric Julian
start date
39- 49 F11.6 d End [1325.47/2110.21] Flare Heliocentric Julian
start date
51- 61 F11.9 d Dur [0.016/0.3] Flare duration
63- 73 F11.9 --- Amp [0.0003/1.5] Flare amplitude
75- 78 I4 K Teff [2620/6513]? Effective temperature
80- 85 F6.3 Rsun Rad [0.12/91.5]? Stellar radius
87- 94 E8.2 10-7J Energy ? Flare energy; in erg units
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 A3 --- --- [KIC]
5- 12 I8 --- KIC Kepler identifier
14- 24 F11.6 d Peak [124/1589.5] Peak Heliocentric Julian Date
of flare
26- 36 F11.6 d Start [124/1589.4] Flare Heliocentric Julian start date
38- 48 F11.6 d End [124/1589.5] Flare Heliocentric Julian end date
50- 57 F8.6 d Dur [0.005/1.17] Flare duration
59- 66 F8.6 --- Amp [0.0002/0.6] Flare amplitude
68- 72 I5 K Teff [3068/27730] Effective temperature
74- 78 F5.3 Rsun Rad [0.14/9.4] Stellar radius
80- 87 E8.3 10-7J Energy [1.3e+31/1.9e+36] Flare energy; in erg units
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 A4 --- --- [EPIC]
6- 14 I9 --- EPIC K2 identifier
16- 26 F11.6 d Peak [1983.8/3468.5] Peak Heliocentric Julian Date
of flare
28- 38 F11.6 d Start [1983.7/3468.5] Flare Heliocentric Julian
start date
40- 50 F11.6 d End [1983.98/3468.52] Flare Heliocentric Julian
start date
52- 59 F8.6 d Dur [0.012/0.7] Flare duration
61- 69 F9.6 --- Amp [0.0005/24.21] Flare amplitude
71- 74 I4 K Teff [2321/9746] Effective temperature
76- 81 F6.3 Rsun Rad [0.1/78.7] Stellar radius
83- 90 E8.3 10-7J Energy [2.48e+31/1.4e+39] Flare energy; in erg units
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 I9 --- TIC [8767448/468987719] TESS identifier
11- 23 A13 --- Planet Exoplanet identifier
25- 31 F7.5 --- Ratio [0.01/0.38] Ratio of (R*+Rp)/orbital semi-major
axis
33- 39 F7.5 --- e_Ratio [0.0013/0.05] Uncertainty in Ratio
41- 47 F7.5 --- Rp/R* [0.036/0.31] Planet to star radii ratio
49- 55 F7.5 --- e_Rp/R* [0.00088/0.2] Uncertainty in Rp/R*
57- 60 F4.1 deg Inc [78.9/89.8] Orbital inclination
62- 64 F3.1 deg e_Inc [0.2/9] Uncertainty in Inc
66- 73 F8.5 d Per [0.78/17.01] Orbital period
75- 81 F7.5 d e_Per [1e-5/0.008] Uncertainty in Per
83- 88 F6.3 Rgeo Rp [5.39/24.1]? Exoplanet radius
90- 94 F5.3 Rgeo e_Rp [0.015/0.7]? Uncertainty in Rp
96-105 F10.5 d t0 [1325.37/2112.63] Minima time
107-113 F7.5 d e_t0 [0.00017/0.006] Uncertainty in t0
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 14 A14 --- ID Object identifier (EPIC, KIC or TIC numbers)
16- 34 A19 --- Planet Exoplanet identifier
36- 46 F11.6 d Start [120.5/3418.6] Observation start time
48- 58 F11.6 d End [130.25/3469.5] Observation end time
60- 68 F9.6 d Dur [4.2/97.7] Observation duration
70- 80 F11.6 d Sum [17.69/1417] Total observation time on ID
82- 92 F11.6 Rgeo Rp [0.006/3500] Exoplanet radius
94- 96 I3 --- Nfl [1/163] Number of flares observed
98-105 E8.2 10-7J ESum [1.5e+32/1.4e+39] Sum of all flare energy;
in erg units
107-114 E8.2 mW/m2 S [9.3e-5/7350000] Flare energy flux density
received by the planet of stars with multiple
flares
116-123 E8.2 mW/m2 EFlux [449/60000000000000] Flare energy flux received
by the planet of stars with single flare
125 A1 --- L? Livability judgement; (Y)es or (N)o
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Ratio of the luminosity in Hα line to the stellar
bolometric luminosity.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 27-Sep-2022