J/ApJS/264/19 SCUBA-2 850um survey of the JWST-TDF & 3GHz VLA obs. (Hyun+, 2023)
The JCMT SCUBA-2 Survey of the James Webb Space Telescope North Ecliptic Pole
Time-Domain Field.
Hyun M., Im M., Smail I.R., Cotton W.D., Birkin J.E., Kikuta S., Shim H.,
Willmer C.N.A., Condon J.J., Windhorst R.A., Cohen S.H., Jansen R.A.,
Ly C., Matsuda Y., Fazio G.G., Swinbank A.M., Yan H.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 264, 19 (2023)>
=2023ApJS..264...19H 2023ApJS..264...19H (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxies, radio; Millimetric/submm sources; Surveys; Redshifts;
Photometry, infrared; Reddening; Spectra, optical
Keywords: Galaxy evolution; High-redshift galaxies; Galaxy formation;
Submillimeter astronomy; Galaxy counts;
Ultraluminous infrared galaxies
Abstract:
The James Webb Space Telescope Time-Domain Field (JWST-TDF) is an ∼14'
diameter field near the North Ecliptic Pole that will be targeted by
one of the JWST Guaranteed Time Observations programs. Here, we
describe our James Clerk Maxwell Telescope SCUBA-2 850um imaging of
the JWST-TDF and present the submillimeter source catalog and
properties. We also present a catalog of radio sources from Karl J.
Jansky Very Large Array 3GHz observations of the field. These
observations were obtained to aid JWST's study of dust-obscured
galaxies that contribute significantly to cosmic star formation at
high redshifts. Our deep 850um map covers the JWST-TDF at a noise
level of σ850um=1.0mJy/beam, detecting 83/31 sources in the
main/supplementary signal-to-noise ratio (S/N>4 / S/N=3.5-4) sample,
respectively. The 3GHz observations cover a 24' diameter field with a
1σ noise of 1uJy/beam at a 0.7" FWHM. We identified eighty-five
3GHz counterparts to sixty-six 850um sources and then matched these
with multiwavelength data from the optical to the mid-infrared wave
bands. We performed spectral energy distribution fitting for 61
submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) matched with optical/near-infrared data,
and found that SMGs at S/N>4 have a median value of
zphot=2.22±0.12, star formation rates of 300±40M☉/yr
(Chabrier initial mass function), and typical cold dust masses of
5.9±0.7x108M☉, in line with bright SMGs from other surveys.
The large cold dust masses indicate correspondingly large cool gas
masses, which we suggest are a key factor necessary to drive the high
star formation rates seen in this population.
Description:
The Submillimetre Common-user Bolometer Array 2 (SCUBA-2) 850um data
were obtained from 2018 December to 2020 December (programs: M18BP026,
M19BP031, and R20XP003) with the SCUBA-2, the submm continuum
bolometer array mounted on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT).
We used the PONG900 mapping mode, which generates a 15' diameter
circular map with nearly uniform sensitivity. As a consequence, our
data cover the full area of the 14' diameter James Webb Space
Telescope Time-Domain Field (JWST-TDF), centered on
17:22:47.9+65:49:22 (J2000). See Section 2.
The Karl J. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) observations presented here
were obtained as part of an ongoing radio program using the VLA and
the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) to generate a list of
extragalactic radio sources in the JWST-TDF using the VLA. The
observations were undertaken using the VLA "S band"
(ν=1.989-4.013GHz) and span 2017-Nov-29 to 2018-Jun-11. We used the
VLA to observe a field centered on J1723+6547
(17:23:14.1381+65:47:46.179). See Appendix A.
The spectroscopic data were obtained using Binospec at the MMT
Observatory. These were obtained over approximately 4000-9000Å with
a resolution of 1300. The sample of galaxies was constructed by
combining a preliminary catalog from the HEROES Subaru Hyper
Suprime-Cam (HSC) imaging (G. Hasinger, private communication) and a
catalog derived from the Magellan Infrared Spectrograph (MMIRS) on the
Multi-Mirror Telescope (MMT) NIR imaging (C. N. A. Willmer+ 2022, in
preparation), limited at r∼23. See Appendix C and Section 4.1.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 117 756 *VLA 3GHz source catalog
table4.dat 770 133 *Full version of James Webb Space Telescope
Time-Domain Field (JWST-TDF) SCUBA-2 850um
source catalog
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Note on table3.dat: The central source, J1723+6547, was added to the catalog
in spite of being removed from the image.
Note on table4.dat: The full version of the JWST-TDF SCUBA-2 catalog for the
main (S/N>4) sources includes VLA counterparts from the Poisson
probability crossmatching (see Section 4.1.1). The calculated
Poissonian probabilities are presented as p. If there are multiple
counterparts, we list them in the order of probability.
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Description of file:
datafile3.fits.gz and datafile4.fits.gz are the original tables in
FITS format.
See also:
B/jcmt : Jame Clerk Maxwell Telescope Science Archive (CADC, 2003)
II/311 : WISE All-Sky Data Release (Cutri+ 2012)
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
J/ApJ/622/772 : Redshift survey of submillimeter galaxies (Chapman+, 2005)
J/MNRAS/372/1621 : SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey. II (Coppin+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/380/199 : SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey. III (Ivison+, 2007)
J/MNRAS/385/2225 : AzTEC millimetre survey of COSMOS field (Scott+, 2008)
J/ApJ/707/1201 : LABOCA ECDFS Submillimeter Survey (LESS) (Weiss+, 2009)
J/A+A/532/A90 : PACS Evolutionary Probe (PEP-DR1) catalogs (Lutz+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/436/1919 : SCUBA observations of COSMOS galaxies (Casey+, 2013)
J/ApJ/788/125 : ALMA survey of ECDFS submillimeter galaxies (Simpson+, 2014)
J/ApJ/804/34 : Luminous AGNs and early-type SDSS galaxies (Hong+, 2015)
J/ApJ/806/110 : ALESS survey: SMGs in the ECDF-S data (da Cunha+, 2015)
J/ApJ/820/83 : ALMA galaxies in the COSMOS survey field (Scoville+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/464/3369 : SCUBA-2 EGS deep field (Zavala+, 2017)
J/MNRAS/465/1789 : SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey (Geach+, 2017)
J/ApJ/837/139 : SUPER GOODS. I. Ultradeep SCUBA-2 survey (Cowie+, 2017)
J/ApJ/856/67 : VLA 3GHz radio sources in the Lockman Hole (Cotton+, 2018)
J/ApJ/865/106 : SUPER GOODS. III. SCUBA-2 sources with ALMA (Cowie+, 2018)
J/ApJ/880/43 : S2COSMOS: bright SCUBA-2 submm sources (Simpson+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/487/4648 : ALMA survey of the SCUBA-2 UKIDSS/UDS field (Stach+, 2019)
J/ApJ/886/48 : Rad, opt/NIR counterparts of S2COSMOS submm gal. (An+, 2019)
J/A+A/644/A144 : Dusty star-forming galaxies properties (Donevski+, 2020)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- Seq [1/756] Running sequence number (VLA_ID)
5- 13 F9.5 deg RAdeg [260.3/261.3] VLA right ascension in decimal
degrees (J2000) (VLARADEG)
15- 23 F9.6 deg DEdeg [65.5/66] VLA declination in decimal
degrees (J2000) (VLADECDEG)
25- 26 I2 h RAh Hour of right ascension (J2000)
28- 29 I2 min RAm Minute of right ascension (J2000)
31- 37 F7.4 s RAs Second of right ascension (J2000)
39- 46 E8.3 arcsec e_RA [0/0.0376] RA uncertainty (dRA)
48 A1 --- DE- Sign of declination (J2000)
49- 50 I2 deg DEd Degree of declination (J2000)
52- 53 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of declination (J2000)
55- 60 F6.3 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of declination (J2000)
62- 66 F5.3 arcsec e_DE [0/0.249] DE uncertainty (dDec)
68- 77 E10.5 uJy S3GHz [4.7/210000] VLA 3GHz flux density,
corrected for the primary beam
79- 85 F7.3 uJy e_S3GHz [0/283.1] S3GHz uncertainty (dS3GHz)
87 A1 --- f_Size Upper limit flag on Size or LAS (1)
89- 93 F5.2 arcsec Size [0.1/36.5] Deconvolved angular size or
largest angular size (Major)
95- 98 F4.2 arcsec e_Size [0.03/]? Size uncertainty (dMajor)
100 A1 --- l_Minor Upper limit flag on Minor
102- 105 F4.2 arcsec Minor [0.24/1.58]? Minor axis
107- 110 F4.2 arcsec e_Minor [0.03/0.23]? Minor uncertainty (dMinor)
112- 114 I3 deg PA [-89/90]? Position angle
116- 117 I2 deg e_PA [1/90]? PA uncertainty (dPA)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flag as follows:
> = Upper limit flag
l = largest angular size (LAS)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 I3 --- Seq [1/133]? Running sequence number (index)
5- 7 I03 --- JCMTInd [1/114] JCMT index (JCMT_index)
9- 13 A5 --- --- [S2TDF]
14- 27 A14 --- S2TDF IAU position-based name,
(JHHMMSS+DDMMSS) (JCMT_ID)
29- 38 A10 --- AName Short name: S2TDF.0{JCMTInd} (JCMTSHORTID)
40- 51 A12 --- m_AName Identifier with VLA multiplicity index,
{AName}.[0-2] (ID)
53 I1 --- VLA [0/1] True = VLA match (GotVLAID)
55 I1 --- SNR [0/1] True = high SNR (High_SNR)
57 I1 --- nVLA [0/1] True = no VLA match (NOTGotVLA_ID)
59 I1 --- Close [0/1] True = closest matched object
(Closest_ID)
61 I1 --- Mult [0/1] True = multiple VLA matches
(Multiple_IDs)
63- 65 I3 --- NS [1/624]? Radio source number density
S3GHz>10uJy (N(S>S))
67- 77 E11.6 --- Ni [8.8e-7/0.0006]? Radio source number
density S3GHz>Si
79- 88 F10.8 --- Pc [0.10628612]? Pc=πrs2NT,
Equation (8) (always "0.10628612")
90- 98 E9.4 --- Pst [4e-6/0.03]? P*=πri2Ni,
Equation (9) (Pstar)
100-108 E9.4 --- p [4.5e-5/0.07]? Corrected Poissonian
probability, Equation (6) (p=1-exp(-E))
110 I1 --- Nrad [1/3]? Number of radio counterparts
(nradiocounterpart)
112 I1 --- Rank [1/3]? Rank of the radio-matched object
based on the separated distance
(closest_rank)
114-121 F8.5 mJy F850um [2.8/19.7] Peak JCMT 850um flux
(JCMTFLUXPEAK)
123-129 F7.5 mJy e_F850um [0.7/1.5] F850um rms uncertainty
(JCMTRMSPEAK)
131-138 F8.5 mJy FMod [2.3/19.7] Model JCMT 850um flux
(JCMTFLUXMODEL)
140-146 F7.5 mJy e_FMod [0.7/1.5] FMod rms uncertainty
(JCMTRMSMODEL)
148-155 F8.5 --- SN850 [3.5/20.2] JCMT 850um S/N (JCMT_SNR)
157 I1 --- Blend [0/1]? 1=blend (JCMT_BLEND)
159-164 F6.3 mJy F850d [1.9/19] Deboosted JCMT 850um flux
(JCMTFLUXDEBOOST)
166-170 F5.3 mJy e_F850d [0.5/2.5] Lower uncertainty in F850d
(JCMTFLUXDEBOOST_ERRLO)
172-176 F5.3 mJy E_F850d [0.7/2.2] Upper uncertainty in F850d
(JCMTFLUXDEBOOST_ERRHI)
178-182 F5.3 mJy erlF850d [0.9/2.7] Lower total uncertainty in
F850d (JCMTTOTALERRLO)
184-188 F5.3 mJy eruF850d [1.1/2.7] Upper total uncertainty in
F850d (JCMTTOTALERRHI)
190-201 F12.8 deg RAdeg [260.3/261.1] Peak flux right ascension
(J2000) (JCMTRAPEAKDEGFIN)
203-213 F11.8 deg DEdeg [65.6/66] Peak flux declination (J2000)
(JCMTDECPEAKDEGFIN)
215-226 F12.8 deg RAMdeg [260.3/261.1] Peak model flux right
ascension (JCMTRAMODELDEGFIN)
228-238 F11.8 deg DEMdeg [65.6/66] Peak model flux declination
(JCMTDECMODELDEGFIN)
240-242 I3 --- VLAID [9/666]? Identifier from VLA catalog
(Table 3) (ID_VLA)
244-252 F9.5 deg RAVdeg [260.3/261.1]? VLA right ascension in
decimal degrees (J2000) (RA_VLA)
254-262 F9.6 deg DEVdeg [65.6/66]? VLA Declination in decimal
degrees (J2000) (DEC_VLA)
264-271 F8.1 uJy S3GHz [5.4/210000]? 3GHz radio flux (radio_flux)
273-281 F9.6 uJy e_S3GHz [0/13]? S3GHz uncertainty (dS3GHz)
283-287 F5.3 arcsec Sep [0.1/7.8]? Angular separation between VLA
and JCMT (angular_distance)
289 I1 --- SED [1/3]? SED group (sed_group) (1)
291-297 F7.4 mag gmagAp [17.6/28.1]? g-band aperture magnitude
from Subaru/HSC (GMAGAPER300)
299-307 F9.6 mag e_gmagAp [0.01/14]? GmagAp uncertainty
(GMAGERRAPER300)
309-315 F7.4 mag imagAp [17.2/26]? i-band aperture magnitude from
Subaru/HSC (IMAGAPER300)
317-324 F8.6 mag e_imagAp [0.01/2.3]? ImagAp uncertainty
(IMAGERRAPER300)
326-332 F7.4 mag zmagAp [17/26.6]? z-band aperture magnitude from
Subaru/HSC (ZMAGAPER300)
334-341 F8.6 mag e_zmagAp [0.01/4.5]? zmagAp uncertainty
(ZMAGERRAPER300)
343-349 F7.4 mag YmagAp [17.2/26.1]? Y-band aperture magnitude
from MMT/MMIRS (YMAGAPER3)
351-358 F8.6 mag e_YmagAp [0.001/1.2]? YmagAp uncertainty
(YMAGERRAPER3)
360-366 F7.4 mag JmagAp [16/23.1]? J-band aperture magnitude from
MMT/MMIRS (JMAGAPER3)
368-375 F8.6 mag e_JmagAp [0.0008/0.2]? JmagAp uncertainty
(JMAGERRAPER3)
377-383 F7.4 mag HmagAp [15.3/22.1]? H-band aperture magnitude
from MMT/MMIRS (HMAGAPER3)
385-391 F7.5 mag e_HmagAp [0.0004/0.02]? HmagAp uncertainty
(HMAGERRAPER3)
393-400 F8.5 mag KmagAp [15.3/22.3]? K-band aperture magnitude from
MMT/MMIRS (KMAGAPER3)
402-410 F9.6 mag e_KmagAp [0.0008/0.5]? KmagAp uncertainty
(KMAGERRAPER3)
412-418 F7.3 mag W1mag [21.8/23.5]? WISE W1 (3.4um) band AB
magnitude (w1_ab)
420-426 F7.3 mag e_W1mag [0.003/0.05]? Uncertainty in W1mag (dw1)
428-434 F7.3 mag W2mag [22/23.7]? WISE W2 (4.6um) band AB
magnitude (w2_ab)
436-442 F7.3 mag e_W2mag [0.004/0.07]? Uncertainty in W2mag (dw2)
444 A1 --- l_W3mag Upper limit flag on W3mag
446-452 F7.3 mag W3mag [15.6/19]? WISE W3 (12um) band AB
magnitude (w3_ab)
454-460 F7.3 mag e_W3mag [0.03/0.6]? Uncertainty on the W3mag
(w3msigmpro)
462 A1 --- l_W4mag Upper limit flag on W4mag
464-470 F7.3 mag W4mag [14.6/16.8]? WISE W4 (22um) band AB
magnitude (w4_ab)
472-478 F7.3 mag e_W4mag [0.1/0.5]? Uncertainty on the W4mag
(w4msigmpro)
480 A1 --- l_amaj Upper limit flag on amaj
482-485 F4.2 arcsec amaj [0.1/2.1]? Ellipse-fit major axis (Major)
487-492 F6.2 arcsec e_amaj [0.03/0.4]? amaj uncertainty (dMajor)
494 A1 --- l_bmin Upper limit flag on bmin
496-499 F4.2 arcsec bmin [0.24/0.98]? Ellipse-fit minor axis (Minor)
501-506 F6.2 arcsec e_bmin [0.05/0.2]? bmin uncertainty (dMinor)
508-510 I3 deg PA [-70/90]? Position angle (PA)
512-513 I2 deg e_PA [2/42]? PA uncertainty (dPA)
515-523 F9.6 --- chi2 [0/11]? χ2 of the SED fitting
result (chi)
525-530 F6.3 [Msun] b_Mstar [9.7/12.5]? Mstar lower bound (Mstar_l)
532-537 F6.3 [Msun] Mstar [9.8/12.8]? Log of stellar mass (Mstar)
539-543 F5.2 [Msun] B_Mstar [10/13]? Mstar upper bound (Mstar_u)
545-549 F5.2 [Lsun] b_Ldust [10.5/13.5]? Ldust lower bound (Ldustl)
551-555 F5.2 [Lsun] Ldust [10.5/13.5]? Log of dust luminosity (L_dust)
557-561 F5.2 [Lsun] B_Ldust [11/13.6]? Ldust upper bound (Ldustu)
563-567 F5.2 K b_Tdust [27.2/77.8]? Tdust lower bound (Tdust_l)
569-573 F5.2 K Tdust [29.7/78]? Kinetic dust temperature (Tdust)
575-579 F5.2 K B_Tdust [36.3/77.8]? Tdust upper bound (Tdust_u)
581-585 F5.3 [Msun/yr] b_SFR [0.16/3.11]? SFR lower bound (SFR_l)
587-591 F5.3 [Msun/yr] SFR [0.17/3.5]? Log of star formation rate (SFR)
593-597 F5.3 [Msun/yr] B_SFR [0.6/3.7]? SFR upper bound (SFR_u)
599-603 F5.3 [Msun] b_Mdust [7/9.4]? Mdust lower bound (Mdust_l)
605-609 F5.3 [Msun] Mdust [7.5/9.6]? Log of dust mass (Mdust)
611-615 F5.3 [Msun] B_Mdust [7.7/9.8]? Mdust upper bound (Mdust_u)
617-621 F5.3 [yr] b_Age [7/9.3]? Age lower bound (Age_l)
623-627 F5.3 [yr] Age [7/9.3]? Log of Age (Age)
629-633 F5.3 [yr] B_Age [7.3/9.5]? Age upper bound (Age_u)
635-639 F5.3 mag b_Av [0.2/7.3]? Av lower bound (AV_l)
641-645 F5.3 mag Av [0.2/9.6]? V-band reddening
647-652 F6.3 mag B_Av [0.2/12]? Av upper bound (AV_u)
654-659 F6.3 Gyr b_tau [0.4/12.7]? tau lower bound (tau_l)
661-666 F6.3 Gyr tau [0.4/16.1]? Star formation timescale
parameter (tau)
668-673 F6.3 Gyr B_tau [0.4/18.8]? tau upper bound (tau_u)
675-681 F7.3 [yr-1] b_sSFR [-10.5/-7.9]? sSFR lower bound (sSFR_l)
683-689 F7.3 [yr-1] sSFR [-10.4/-7.9]? Log of specific SFR (sSFR)
691-697 F7.3 [yr-1] B_sSFR [-10.1/-7.9]? sSFR upper bound (sSFR_u)
699-703 F5.3 --- b_zmed [0.2/3.5]? zmed lower bound (z_lower)
705-709 F5.3 --- zmed [0.2/3.8]? Median photometric redshift
(z_med)
711-715 F5.3 --- B_zmed [0.3/7.6]? zmed upper bound (z_upper)
717-721 F5.3 mag b_E(B-V) [0.03/0.7]? E(B-V) lower bound (eb_l)
723-727 F5.3 mag E(B-V) [0.1/1]? Color excess (eb)
729-733 F5.3 mag B_E(B-V) [0.1/1]? E(B-V) upper bound (eb_u)
735-770 A36 --- Notes Notes
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Note (1): SED group as follows:
1 = K detection + opt./NIR data;
2 = no K detection;
3 = VLA+submm data only
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 07-Mar-2023