J/ApJS/265/32 Powerful radio sources in the Southern Sky. I. (Massaro+, 2023)
Powerful radio sources in the Southern Sky.
I. Optical identifications.
Massaro F., White S.V., Garcia-Perez A., Jimenez-Gallardo A., Capetti A.,
Cheung C.C., Forman W.R., Mazzucchelli C., Paggi A., Nesvadba N.P.H.,
Madrid J.P., Andruchow I., Cellone S., Pena-Herazo H.A., Grossova R.,
Balmaverde B., Sani E., Chavushyan V., Kraft R.P., Reynaldi V., Leto C.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 265, 32 (2023)>
=2023ApJS..265...32M 2023ApJS..265...32M
ADC_Keywords: Radio sources; Cross identifications; Redshifts; Optical;
Infrared sources
Keywords: Extragalactic radio sources
Abstract:
Since the early sixties, our view of radio galaxies and quasars has
been drastically shaped by discoveries made thanks to observations of
radio sources listed in the Third Cambridge Catalog and its revised
version (3CR). However, the largest fraction of data collected to date
on 3CR sources was performed with relatively old instruments, rarely
repeated and/or updated. Importantly, the 3CR contains only objects
located in the Northern Hemisphere, thus having limited access to new
and innovative astronomical facilities. To mitigate these limitations,
we present a new catalog of powerful radio sources visible from the
Southern Hemisphere, extracted from the GLEAM 4Jy (G4Jy) catalog and
based on equivalent selection criteria as the 3CR. This new catalog,
named G4Jy-3CRE, where the E stands for "equivalent," lists a total of
264 sources at decl. below -5° and with 9Jy limiting sensitivity
at ∼178MHz. We explored archival radio maps obtained with different
surveys and compared them with optical images available in the
Pan-STARRS, DES, and DSS databases to search for optical counterparts
of their radio cores. We compared mid-infrared counterparts,
originally associated in the G4Jy, with the optical ones identified
here, and we present results of a vast literature search carried out
to collect redshift estimates for all G4Jy-3CRE sources resulting in a
total of 145 reliable z measurements.
Description:
The Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), operating since 2013 and being
the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) precursor at low radio frequencies,
performed the GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky MWA (GLEAM) survey.
The extragalactic GLEAM catalog (Hurley-Walker+ 2017, VIII/100) covers
∼25000deg2, at declinations south of +30° and Galactic latitudes
|b|>10°, and excluding some regions such as the Magellanic
Clouds. It lists ∼3x105 radio sources with 20 separate flux density
measurements across the frequency range 72-231MHz with an angular
resolution of ∼2'. Based on the GLEAM survey and selecting all radio
sources with S151 above 4Jy, White+ (2020, VIII/105) built the G4Jy
catalog, a flux-limited sample listing nearly 2000 sources over an
area of ∼25000deg2. This sets the basis to extract a southern
catalog of extragalactic radio sources: the G4Jy-3CRE, fully
equivalent, in terms of radio flux density selection, to the northern
3CR extragalactic sample.
See Section 2.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 119 264 G4Jy-3CRE catalog
table5.dat 84 264 Radio cross-identifications
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
VIII/1 : The 3C and 3CR Catalogues (Edge+ 1959-1962)
VII/4 : Abell and Zwicky Clusters of Galaxies (Abell+ 1974)
VIII/2 : Molonglo Reference Catalog of Radio Sources (Large+ 1981)
VIII/45 : Southern flat-spectrum sources (White+ 1987-1991)
VII/110 : Rich Clusters of Galaxies (Abell+ 1989)
III/175 : Optical spectroscopy of radio sources (Stickel+, 1989-94)
VIII/38 : The Parkes-MIT-NRAO 4.85GHz (PMN) Surveys (Griffith+ 1993-1996)
VIII/50 : VLA Survey of Rich Clusters of Galaxies (Slee+ 1996)
VIII/34 : Parkes Half-Jansky Flat-Spectrum Sample (Drinkwater + 1997)
VIII/65 : 1.4GHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) (Condon+ 1998)
VII/241 : The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (Croom+ 2004)
VIII/77 : HI spectral properties of galaxies (Springob+, 2005)
VIII/78 : Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS) (Mauch+ 2006)
VIII/79 : The VLA Low-frequency Sky Survey at 74MHz (Cohen+ 2007)
VIII/81 : Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS V2.1) (Mauch+ 2008)
VII/259 : 6dF galaxy survey final redshift release (Jones+, 2009)
V/139 : The SDSS Photometric Catalog, Release 9 (Adelman-McCarthy+, 2012)
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
VII/274 : The Roma BZCAT - 5th edition (Massaro+, 2015)
VIII/100 : GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky MWA survey (Hurley-Walker+, 2016)
II/357 : The Dark Energy Survey (DES): Data Release 1 (Abbott+, 2018)
VIII/105 : The GLEAM 4-Jy (G4Jy) Sample (White+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/204/151 : Bright radio sources at 178 MHz (3CRR) (Laing+ 1983)
J/PASP/97/932 : 3CR Source Identifications (Spinrad+, 1985)
J/MNRAS/216/173 : Bright extragalactic radio sources at 2.7 GHz (Wall+, 1985)
J/MNRAS/238/1171 : Opt/IR observ. of Radio Galaxies and QSOs (Dunlop+, 1989)
J/A+AS/80/103 : Opt. spectroscopy of 1Jy, S4 and S5 sources (Stickel+ 1989)
J/ApJS/80/137 : Southern Extragalactic Radio Sources (Jones+, 1992)
J/A+AS/97/483 : Opt. spectroscopy of 1Jy, S4 and S5 sources (Stickel+ 1993)
J/MNRAS/269/151 : APM cluster redshift survey (Dalton+, 1994)
J/ApJS/90/173 : PMN map catalog of radiosources (Gregory+, 1994)
J/A+AS/105/67 : Opt. spectroscopy of 1Jy, S4 and S5 sources (Stickel+ 1994)
J/AJ/109/14 : Optical spectroscopy of Abell clusters. I. (Owen+ 1995)
J/ApJ/440/28 : Brightest Cluster Galaxies velocities (Postman+ 1995)
J/ApJS/96/343 : Redshifts of rich clusters of galaxies (Quintana+ 1995)
J/AJ/110/463 : Kinematics of the Shapley supercluster (Quintana+ 1995)
J/MNRAS/281/799 : XBACs, the sample (Ebeling+, 1996)
J/ApJS/107/19 : MRC/1Jy Radio source survey. I. (McCarthy+ 1996)
J/A+AS/116/203 : The redshift catalogue for galaxy clusters (Stein+, 1996)
J/ApJ/473/713 : Host galaxies of powerful radio sources (Zirbel+, 1996)
J/AJ/116/1 : Southern Sky Redshift Survey (Da Costa+, 1998)
J/A+AS/129/399 : The ENACS Catalogue. V. (Katgert+ 1998)
J/A+AS/134/75 : Central Fornax Cluster. II. Galaxy sp. (Hilker+ 1999)
J/ApJS/122/81 : HST snapshot survey of 3CR radio sources (Martel+, 1999)
J/ApJS/124/285 : VLA Images of Extragalactic Objects (Reid+, 1999)
J/A+AS/143/303 : Ultra steep spectrum radio sources catalog (De Breuck+ 2000)
J/MNRAS/313/469 : Streaming motions of galaxy clusters. I. (Smith+, 2000)
J/ApJS/140/143 : HST FOS spectral atlas (Bechtold+, 2002)
J/ApJ/599/886 : Emission lines of radio-loud AGN (Eracleous+, 2003)
J/MNRAS/339/652 : The FLASH Redshift Survey (Kaldare+ 2003)
J/AJ/126/2268 : Velocity dispersions & Mg2 index of galaxies (Wegner+, 2003)
J/ApJS/150/181 : Redshifts of 110 radio-loud AGNs (Eracleous+, 2004)
J/AJ/130/957 : Radial velocities of 6dF galaxies (Fleenor+, 2005)
J/AJ/131/100 : The Molonglo Southern 4Jy sample. I (Burgess+, 2006)
J/AJ/131/114 : The Molonglo Southern 4Jy sample. II (Burgess+, 2006)
J/AJ/131/1280 : Redshifts of HRS galaxies (Fleenor+, 2006)
J/ApJS/164/307 : NICMOS observations of 3CR radio sources (Madrid+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/381/341 : MRCR-SUMSS Ultra-steep-spectrum (USS) cat (Broderick+, 2007)
J/ApJS/171/61 : All-Sky Survey of Flat-Sp. Radio Sources (Healey+, 2007)
J/A+A/463/97 : Optical observations of GPS radio sources (Labiano+, 2007)
J/A+A/461/823 : Candidate Lyα emitting galaxies (Venemans+, 2007)
J/ApJ/678/102 : BAT X-ray survey. I. (Ajello+, 2008)
J/ApJ/673/96 : BAT X-ray Survey - III (Ajello+, 2008)
J/A+A/479/1 : Redshifts and morphology in A3667 (Johnston-Hollitt+, 2008)
J/A+A/495/707 : WINGS spectroscopy of 48 galaxy clusters (Cava+, 2009)
J/ApJS/181/548 : X-shaped radio sources. II. New redshifts (Cheung+, 2009)
J/A+A/495/691 : Multifrequency cat. of blazars, Roma-BZCAT (Massaro+, 2009)
J/ApJ/704/1586 : BCGs with radio AGN (Sun, 2009)
J/A+A/524/A64 : The 54-month Palermo BAT-survey catalogue (Cusumano+, 2010)
J/A+A/520/A47 : Blazars in the Swift-BAT hard X-ray sky (Maselli+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/402/2403 : Australia Telescope 20GHz Survey Cat. AT20G (Murphy+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/417/2651 : AT20G-optical catalogue (Mahony+, 2011)
J/ApJS/197/24 : Chandra large-scale extragalactic jets. I. (Massaro+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/416/1135 : Unbiased sample of CSS and GPS (Randall+, 2011)
J/ApJ/748/68 : WISE IR colors of gamma-ray blazars (D'Abrusco+, 2012)
J/other/RMxAA/48.9 : Opt. spectroscopic atlas of MOJAVE AGNs (Torrealba+, 2012)
J/ApJS/207/19 : Hard X-ray survey from Swift 2004-2010 (Baumgartner+, 2013)
J/ApJS/206/12 : Blazars with γ-ray counterparts. I. (D'Abrusco+, 2013)
J/ApJS/207/4 : Unidentified γ-ray sources. III. (Massaro+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/436/997 : Luminous radio gal. & type-2 quasars (Ramos Almeida+, 2013)
J/ApJ/769/79 : Spitzer obs. of radio-loud AGNs (CARLA) (Wylezalek+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/440/696 : HI absorption in nearby radio galaxies (Allison+, 2014)
J/ApJS/215/15 : SMaSH+: observations and companion detection (Sana+, 2014)
J/ApJS/213/3 : Low-frequency flat sp. sources (LORCAT) (Massaro+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/440/269 : X-ray survey of the 2Jy sample. I. (Mingo+, 2014)
J/A+A/561/A67 : Spectra of 75 Swift/BAT optical counterparts (Parisi, 2014)
J/MNRAS/438/796 : Local radio-galaxy population at 20GHz (Sadler+, 2014)
J/ApJS/214/23 : IR spectra and photometry of z<0.5 quasars (Shi+, 2014)
J/ApJS/218/23 : Fermi LAT third source catalog (3FGL) (Acero+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/453/2682 : Observation & modelling for radio-loud AGN (Ineson+, 2015)
J/ApJ/817/111 : HST/COS survey of z<0.9 AGNs. I. (Danforth+, 2016)
J/ApJS/226/19 : FIR sp. of AGNs from Herschel (Fernandez-Ontiveros+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/460/1758 : Opt. emission lines in galaxy cluster cores 1 (Hamer+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/455/1796 : IDEOS redshift catalogue (Hernan-Caballero+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/25 : The UV-bright Quasar Survey (UVQS) DR1 (Monroe+, 2016)
J/ApJS/224/18 : Identify giant radio sources from the NVSS (Proctor, 2016)
J/ApJ/836/174 : Extragalactic peaked-sp. radio sources (Callingham+, 2017)
J/A+A/598/A49 : FRICAT. FIRST catalog of FRI radio galaxies (Capetti+, 2017)
J/A+A/601/A81 : FIRST catalog of FR II radio galaxies (Capetti+, 2017)
J/A+A/598/A78 : The GMRT 150MHz all-sky radio survey (Intema+, 2017)
J/ApJ/850/74 : Swift/BAT AGN Spectroscopic Survey. I. (Koss+, 2017)
J/MNRAS/471/3806 : Radio sources with recurrent jet (Kuzmicz+, 2017)
J/A+A/612/A19 : Abell 2052 VLT/MUSE datacubes (Balmaverde+, 2018)
J/A+A/619/A83 : MURALES survey. I. 3C 459 data cube. (Balmaverde+, 2018)
J/ApJS/238/9 : Giant radio sources known to date (Kuzmicz+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/478/5473 : X-ray-selected galaxy clusters BCG offsets (Lopes+, 2018)
J/ApJS/235/4 : 105-month Swift-BAT all-sky hard X-ray survey (Oh+, 2018)
J/ApJ/867/12 : Relations for X-ray & SZE clusters (Rettura+, 2018)
J/ApJS/242/4 : Two new catalogs of blazar candidates (D'Abrusco+, 2019)
J/A+A/626/A8 : WATCAT. Wide-angle tailed radio galaxies (Missaglia+, 2019)
J/ApJS/247/33 : Fermi LAT fourth source catalog (4FGL) (Abdollahi+, 2020)
J/ApJS/248/23 : 4FGL sources with IR/Rad associations (de Menezes+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/167 : AMUSING++ nearby galaxy compilation. I. (Lopez-Coba+, 2020)
J/A+A/643/A174 : PKSJ1209-2032 & CGRaBSJ1549+5038 radio sp. (Mhaskey+, 2020)
J/A+A/643/A103 : Fermi-LATi sources counterparts (Pena-Herazo+, 2020)
J/ApJS/253/25 : Giant radio quasars from SDSS, FIRST & NVSS (Kuzmicz+, 2021)
J/ApJS/262/51 : Swift X-ray obs. of SMS4 QSOs & radio gal. (Maselli+, 2022)
J/A+A/659/A32 : Turin-SyCAT, Seyferts multifreq. cat. (Pena-Herazo+, 2022)
http://www.mwatelescope.org/gleam : GLEAM home page
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 A4 --- --- [G4Jy]
5- 8 I4 --- G4Jy [4/1863] GLEAM 4-Jy catalog identifier
10- 28 A19 --- WISEA WISE name of mid-IR counterpart
(JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
30- 31 A2 --- f_WISEA Flag on WISEA (1)
33- 34 I2 h RAh Hour of Right Ascension, radio source (J2000) (2)
36- 37 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension, radio source (J2000)
39- 44 F6.3 s RAs Second of Right Ascension, radio source (J2000)
46 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination, radio source (J2000) (2)
47- 48 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination, radio source (J2000) (2)
50- 51 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination, radio source (J2000)
53- 58 F6.3 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination, radio source (J2000)
60- 61 I2 h RAOh ? Hour of Right Ascension, optical source (J2000)
(3)
63- 64 I2 min RAOm ? Minute of Right Ascension, optical source (J2000)
66- 72 F7.4 s RAOs ? Second of Right Ascension, optical source (J2000)
74 A1 --- DEO- Sign of the Declination, optical source (J2000) (3)
75- 76 I2 deg DEOd ? Degree of Declination, optical source (J2000) (3)
78- 79 I2 arcmin DEOm ? Arcminute of Declination, optical source (J2000)
81- 86 F6.3 arcsec DEOs ? Arcsecond of Declination, optical source (J2000)
88- 95 F8.6 --- z [0.0008/2.4]?=0 Redshift value reported in the
literature
97 A1 --- u_z [?] Uncertainty flag on z
99-101 F3.1 --- IDF [1/4.3] Identification flag, See Section 3 (4)
103-107 F5.2 mag rmag [12.4/24.2]? r-band magnitude from Pan-STARRS,
DES counterparts
109-113 F5.3 mag Av [0.02/2.92] Galactic extinction
115-119 A5 --- sub Subsample, true or false (5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flag as follows:
a = artifact (4 occurrences, namely G4Jy 162, G4Jy 730, G4Jy 1301, and
G4Jy 1330): have no mid-IR counterparts since they lie close to bright
WISE sources and their detection could be contaminated by artifacts;
ur = undetected - resolution (1 occurrence: G4Jy 593): the detection of its
mid-IR counterpart is compromised by the poor angular resolution of
WISE images.
uf = undetected - faint (2 occurrences: G4Jy 1498 and G4Jy 1532): clearly
lacking a mid-IR counterpart, being undetected in the WISE images.
See Section 3.2.
Note (2): Brightness-weighted radio centroid collected from the G4Jy catalog.
Note (3): Brightness-weighted centroid of the optical counterpart in the
Pan-STARRS, DES and DSS images.
Note (4): For the IDFs we distinguished the following cases:
1.0 = sources for which the position of the radio core is coincident with
the mid-IR source associated in the original G4Jy catalog, and it
also corresponds to a unique optical source detected in the r band of
the Pan-STARRS/DES catalogs or in the red filter image obtained with
the DSS, as shown for G4Jy 312 in Figure 2 (184 occurrences).
2.1 = sources having the radio core associated with a unique optical
counterpart, different from the mid-IR one listed in the original
G4Jy catalog (as shown for G4Jy 524 in Figure 3); 5 occurrences.
2.2 = cases for which there is an optical counterpart but lacking an
associated mid-IR source (i.e. G4Jy 593 in Figure 3); 21 occurrences.
3.0 = sources for which the low angular resolution of radio observations
did not allow us to uniquely identify the optical counterpart
(i.e. G4Jy 934 in Figure 4), despite the presence of an associated
mid-IR source. These are simply "confused" cases; 14 occurrences.
4.1 = sources lacking an optical counterpart but with an assigned mid-IR
counterpart in the original G4Jy catalog (i.e. G4Jy 1846 in Figure 5);
19 occurrences.
4.2 = sources for which there is no optical counterpart but the radio map
used allowed us to verify that the previously assigned mid-IR one
is incorrect (i.e. G4Jy 1057 in Figure 5); 4 occurrences.
4.3 = sources lacking counterparts at both mid-IR and optical frequencies
(i.e. G4Jy 1587 in Figure 5); 17 occurrences.
Note (5): Flag as follows:
true = the source belongs to the subsample selected with radio flux
density above 9.8Jy at ∼178MHz (see Section 2 for more details);
181 occurrences.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 4 A4 --- --- [G4Jy]
5- 8 I4 --- G4Jy [4/1863] GLEAM 4-Jy catalog identifier
10- 17 A8 --- TXS Texas Survey of Radio Sources at 365MHz name
(Douglas+ 1996, VIII/42 ; HHMM+DDd, B1950)
19- 27 A9 --- MRC Molonglo Reference Catalog of Radio Source name
(Large+ 1981, VIII/2, superseded by VIII/16 ;
HHMM+DDdA, B1950)
29- 38 A10 --- PKS Parkes radio catalog (PKSCAT90;
Bolton+ 1979, VIII/15 ; JHHMM+DDMM)
40- 49 A10 --- PMN Parkes-MIT-NRAO Survey name
(Griffith & Write 1993, VIII/38 ; JHHMM+DDMM)
51- 65 A15 --- Name Common name
67- 84 A18 --- Abell Abell cluster
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 04-May-2023