J/ApJS/268/30 Open clusters in K2-Gaia DR3. I. Membership & rot. (Long+, 2023)
Investigating 16 open clusters in the Kepler/K2-Gaia DR3 field.
I. Membership, binary systems, and rotation.
Long L., Bi S., Zhang J., Zhang X., Zhang L., Ge Z., Li T., Chen X.,
Li Y., Ye L., Sun T., Zhou J.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 268, 30 (2023)>
=2023ApJS..268...30L 2023ApJS..268...30L
ADC_Keywords: Clusters, open; Proper motions; Stars, double and multiple;
Stars, ages; Abundances, [Fe/H]; Colors; Optical
Keywords: Star clusters ; Open star clusters ; Stellar rotation ;
Stellar ages ; Binary stars
Abstract:
Using data from Gaia Data Release 3 and Kepler/K2, we present a
catalog of 16 open clusters with ages ranging from 4-4000Myr that
provides detailed information on membership, binary systems, and
rotation. We assess the memberships in 5D phase space, and estimate
the basic parameters of each cluster. Among the 20160 members, there
are 4381 stars identified as binary candidates and 49 stars identified
as blue straggler stars. The fraction of binaries varies in each
cluster, and the range is between 9% and 44%. We obtain the rotation
periods of 5467 members, of which 4304 are determined in this work. To
establish a benchmark for the rotation-age-color relation, we
construct color-period diagrams. We find that the rotational features
of binaries are similar to that of single stars, while the features
for binaries are more scattered in the rotation period. Moreover, the
morphology of the color-period relationship is already established for
Upper Scorpius at the age of 19Myr, and some stars of varying spectral
types (i.e., FG, K, and M type) show different spin-down rates after
the age of ∼110Myr. By incorporating the effects of stalled spin-down
into our analysis, we develop an empirical rotation-age-color
relation, which is valid with ages between 700-4000Myr and colors
corresponding to a range of 0.5<Gbp-Grp0<2.5mag.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table2.dat 95 13 Astrometric and spatial structure parameters
table3.dat 37 16 Isochrone-fitting parameters of 16 open clusters
table5.dat 97 20160 Final membership catalog
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See also:
IV/34 : K2 Ecliptic Plane Input Catalog (EPIC) (Huber+, 2017)
V/156 : LAMOST DR7 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
J/MNRAS/342/1241 : Low-mass stars in M45 and M44 (Pinfield+, 2003)
J/A+A/460/695 : Search for Assoc. Containing Young stars (Torres+, 2006)
J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)
J/ApJ/695/679 : Stellar rotation in M35 (Meibom+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/408/475 : HATNet Pleiades Rotation Period Catalogue (Hartman+, 2010)
J/MNRAS/413/2218 : Stellar rotation in Hyades and Praesepe (Delorme+, 2011)
J/AJ/141/166 : HATNet variability survey of K and M dwarfs (Hartman+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/434/3236 : Masses of Praesepe members (Khalaj+, 2013)
J/A+A/558/A53 : MW global survey of star clusters. II. (Kharchenko+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/432/1203 : Rotation periods of M-dwarf stars (McQuillan+, 2013)
J/ApJ/776/67 : Rotational tracks (van Saders+, 2013)
J/AJ/148/38 : WIYN open cluster study. LX. NGC 6819 (Milliman+, 2014)
J/AJ/150/10 : WOCS. LXVI. Radial velocity survey in M35 (Leiner+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/447/3536 : Variables in the fields of M35 & NGC2158 (Nardiello+, 2015)
J/ApJ/822/47 : K2 rotation periods for 65 Hyades members (Douglas+, 2016)
J/AJ/152/113 : Pleiades members with K2 LCs. I. Periods (Rebull+, 2016)
J/ApJ/839/92 : Praesepe members with K2 light curve data (Rebull+, 2017)
J/ApJ/862/33 : Membership catalog for NGC752 (Agueros+, 2018)
J/A+A/631/A77 : Low-mass stellar models and isochrones (Amard+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/155 : SB cand. from the RAVE & Gaia DR2 surveys (Birko+, 2019)
J/A+A/623/A108 : Age of 269 GDR2 open clusters (Bossini+, 2019)
J/ApJ/879/49 : Rot. periods for Gaia members of NGC 6811 (Curtis+, 2019)
J/ApJ/879/100 : K2 periods for Hyades & Praesepe members (Douglas+, 2019)
J/ApJ/870/32 : Kinematics in young star clusters & assoc. (Kuhn+, 2019)
J/ApJS/245/32 : Newly identified star clusters in Gaia DR2 (Liu+, 2019)
J/A+A/627/A97 : Early disc dispersal in close binaries (Messina, 2019)
J/ApJ/871/174 : Kepler rapid rotators and Ks-band excesses (Simonian+, 2019)
J/A+A/640/A1 : Portrait Galactic disc (Cantat-Gaudin+, 2020)
J/ApJ/904/140 : Ruprecht 147 members (Curtis+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/199 : OCCAM. IV. Open cluster abund. using APOGEE (Donor+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/273 : Taurus members & nonmembers with K2 data (Rebull+, 2020)
J/A+A/635/A43 : Stellar rot. periods from K2 C0-18 (Reinhold+, 2020)
J/ApJS/246/15 : K2 periodic var. in M35 & NGC2158 (Soares-Furtado+, 2020)
J/ApJS/249/22 : Radial velocity variable stars from LAMOST DR4 (Tian+, 2020)
J/A+A/638/A145 : GALAH survey. FGK binary stars (Traven+, 2020)
J/AJ/161/190 : RVels of binary population in M67 (Geller+, 2021)
J/ApJS/257/46 : Membership and rot. data for clusters (Godoy-Rivera+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/500/1158 : Rot. and lithium depletion of M35 dwarfs (Jeffries+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/506/150 : The GALAH+ Survey DR3 (Buder+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/110 : Gaia EDR3 census of Taurus-Auriga (Krolikowski+, 2021)
J/A+A/650/A67 : Blue & yellow straggler stars in open clusters (Rain+, 2021)
J/ApJ/921/167 : Rotators in Praesepe with K2 LCs & Gaia (Rampalli+, 2021)
J/ApJS/255/17 : Surface rot. & activity for Kepler stars II. (Santos+, 2021)
J/ApJ/923/177 : TESS obs. & rot. periods of T Tauri in Orion (Serna+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/160 : BINOCS: NEWFIRM & IRAC IR phot. of cl. (Thompson+, 2021)
J/A+A/668/A4 : LAMOST open clusters (Fu+, 2022)
J/AJ/164/137 : Untangling the Galaxy. IV. with TESS (Kounkel+, 2022)
J/other/NatAs/6.89 : Upper Scorpius members (Miret-Roig+, 2022)
J/A+A/675/A89 : Mult. fractions in Gaia open clusters (Donada+, 2023)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 A9 --- Cl Cluster name as in Table 5
11- 16 F6.2 deg RAdeg [56.6/301] Right ascension (J2000)
18- 22 F5.2 deg e_RAdeg [0.09/10.3] RAdeg uncertainty
24- 29 F6.2 deg DEdeg [-16.4/46.4] Declination (J2000)
31- 35 F5.2 deg e_DEdeg [0.07/10.5] DEdeg uncertainty
37- 42 F6.2 mas/yr pmRA [-36.25/100.13] Proper motion in right
ascension direction (pmRA*cosDE)
44- 48 F5.2 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.09/38] pmRA uncertainty
50- 55 F6.2 mas/yr pmDE [-45.5/-0.9] Proper motion in declination
57- 61 F5.2 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.08/33] pmDE uncertainty
63- 67 F5.2 mas plx [0.38/21.2] Parallax
69- 72 F4.2 mas e_plx [0.06/3] Parallax uncertainty
74- 79 F6.2 arcmin Rad [2.1/127] Core radius, Rc
81- 85 F5.2 arcmin e_Rad [0.01/12] Rad uncertainty
87- 90 I4 --- NMm0.9 [235/1985] Members with probability P>0.9
92- 95 I4 --- NMm0.6 [275/2503] Members with probability P>0.6
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 A9 --- Cl Cluster name as in Table 5
11- 14 I4 Myr Age [4/4168] Age
16- 22 F7.4 [Sun] [Fe/H] [-0.54/0.3] Metallicity
24 A1 --- r_[Fe/H] Reference on [Fe/H] (1)
26- 31 F6.3 mag m-M [3.49/12.1] Distance modulus
33- 37 F5.3 mag E(BP-RP) [0.003/0.7] BP-RP color excess
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Note (1): Reference as follows:
a = Values collected from Fu et al. (2022, J/A+A/668/A4).
b = Values collected from Donor et al. (2020, J/AJ/159/199).
c = Median values of the LAMOST DR8 catalog.
d = Median values of the GALAH DR3 catalog (see Buder+ 2021, J/MNRAS/506/150).
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 9 A9 --- Cl Cluster name
11- 29 I19 --- Gaia Gaia DR3 identifier
31- 37 F7.3 deg RAdeg [23.28/301.62] Right Ascension (J2000)
39- 45 F7.3 deg DEdeg [-29.5/60.6] Declination (J2000)
47- 51 F5.3 --- RUWE [0.6/1] Gaia DR3 Renormalised Unit Weight
Error value
53 I1 --- Prob [0/2]? Membership probability (1)
55 I1 --- BinPhot [0/1] Photometric binary flag (1=Yes)
57 I1 --- BinRUWE [0/1] RUWE binary flag; RUWE≥1.4? (1=Yes)
59- 71 A13 --- r_SB Reference for SB (2)
73 I1 --- SB [0/1] Spectroscopic binary flag (1=Yes)
75- 81 F7.3 d PRot [0.03/418]?=0 Rotation period
83- 87 F5.3 d e_PRot [0.006/5]?=0 Uncertainty in PRot
89- 94 F6.3 --- PSNR [0.3/28.5]?=0 Signal-to-noise of PRot
96- 97 I2 --- r_PRot [0/10]? Reference flag for PRot (3)
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Note (1): Code as follows:
2 = Binary (3062 occurrences);
1 = MS single (9248 occurrences);
0 = Unknown (7850 occurrences).
Note (2): SB references as follows:
Bender+2008 = Bender & Simon (2008ApJ...689..416B 2008ApJ...689..416B)
Griffin+2012 = Griffin et al. (2012JApA...33...29G 2012JApA...33...29G)
Leiner+2015 = Leiner et al. (2015, J/AJ/150/10)
MZ+2014 = Molenda-Zakowicz et al. (2014MNRAS.445.2446M 2014MNRAS.445.2446M)
Milliman+2014 = Milliman et al. (2014, J/AJ/148/38)
PW+2020 = Price-Whelan et al.(2020ApJ...895....2P 2020ApJ...895....2P)
Tian+2020 = Tian et al. (2020, J/ApJS/249/22)
Traven+2020 = Traven et al. (2020, J/A+A/638/A145)
Geller+2021 = Geller et al. (2021, J/AJ/161/190)
Kounkel+2021 = Kounkel et al. (2021AJ....162..184K 2021AJ....162..184K)
Torres+2021 = Torres et al. (2021, J/ApJ/921/117)
Kovalev+2022 = Kovalev et al. (2022MNRAS.517..356K 2022MNRAS.517..356K)
Note (3): PRot references as follows:
0 = This work
1 = Meibom et al. (2009, J/ApJ/695/679)
2 = Hartman et al. (2010, J/MNRAS/408/475)
3 = Hartman et al. (2011, J/AJ/141/166)
4 = Delorme et al. (2011, J/MNRAS/413/2218)
5 = Nardiello et al. (2015, J/MNRAS/447/3536)
6 = Libralato et al. (2016MNRAS.456.1137L 2016MNRAS.456.1137L)
7 = Curtis et al. (2019, J/ApJ/879/49)
8 = Soares-Furtado et al. (2020, J/ApJS/246/15)
9 = Jeffries et al. (2021, J/MNRAS/500/1158)
10 = Dungee et al. (2022ApJ...938..118D 2022ApJ...938..118D)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 27-Dec-2023