J/ApJS/269/53 Solar observations by Angelo Secchi. I. Sunspot (Ermolli+, 2023)
Solar observations by Angelo Secchi.
I. Digitization of original documents and analysis of group numbers over the
period of 1853-1878.
Ermolli I., Chatzistergos T., Giorgi F., Carrasco V.M.S., Aparicio A.J.P.,
Chinnici I.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 269, 53 (2023)>
=2023ApJS..269...53E 2023ApJS..269...53E
ADC_Keywords: Sun
Keywords: Sunspot groups
Abstract:
Angelo Secchi, an Italian Jesuit and prominent scientist of the 19th
century, and one of the founders of modern astrophysics, observed the
Sun regularly at the Collegio Romano in Rome, Italy, for more than
25yr. Results from his observations are reported in articles published
in the scientific journals of the time, as well as in drawings and
personal notebooks that are stored in the historical archive of the
Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma.
The latter material, which reports solar observations performed from
1853-1878, includes original documents from Secchi and from a few of
his close collaborators. The above unique material has recently been
digitized for preservation purposes and for allowing the scientific
exploitation of data not easily accessible so far. A total of more
than 5400 digital images have been produced. Here we present the
archival material and the new digital data derived from it. We also
present results obtained from our primary analysis of the new digital
data. In particular, we produced new measurements of the group number
from 1853-1878, which will be available for future recalibration of
the group number series.
Description:
Secchi made solar observations at the Collegio Romano in Rome (41.9 N,
12.48 E) from 1852 until his death in 1878.
The unique collection of drawings and notebooks that resulted from the
solar observations performed by Secchi and his collaborators, under
Secchi's supervision, is stored at the INAF OAR historical archive.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 41 3940 Daily values of group sunspot numbers from our study
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See also:
VI/138 : Sunspots catalogues, 1853-1870 (Casas+, 2013)
J/A+A/390/707 : Hemispheric Sunspot Numbers 1975-2000 (Temmer+, 2002)
J/A+A/447/735 : Hemispheric Sunspot Numbers 1945-2004 (Temmer+, 2006)
J/A+A/595/A104 : Scheiner drawing sunspot areas and tilt angles (Arlt+, 2016)
J/A+A/602/A69 : Group sunspot number series since 1739 (Chatzistergos+, 2017)
J/A+A/601/A106 : Sunspot on 1921-2011 (Mandal+, 2017)
J/A+A/601/A109 : Monthly numbers of sunspot groups 1749-1996 (Willamo+, 2017)
J/A+A/615/A93 : Reconstructed decadal sunspot numbers (Wu+, 2018)
J/A+A/639/A88 : Plage area composite series (Chatzistergos+, 2020)
J/A+A/640/A78 : Sunspot area catalogue revisited (1874-2019) (Mandal+, 2020)
J/A+A/640/A17 : CR Ground Level Enhancements spectra (IGLED) (Usoskin+, 2020)
J/A+A/649/A141 : 1000-year sunspot series (Usoskin+, 2021)
J/A+A/652/A56 : Hemispheric Sunspot Numbers 1874-2020 (Veronig+, 2021)
J/other/FrASS/9.1019751 : Sunspot on 1904-2017 (Jha+, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 16 A16 --- Obs Observation date (UT)
18- 26 F9.4 yr Date [1853.5/1879] Date of observation;
fractional year
28- 36 F9.1 d JD [2398046/2407349.9] Julian Date of
the observation
38- 39 I2 --- GN [0/18] Group number
41- 41 A1 --- Flag Flag (1)
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Note (1): Group number derived from:
d = drawing (3763 occurrences)
a = annotation (177 occurrences)
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 09-Feb-2024