J/ApJS/271/54 CatNorth: improved GaiaDR3 quasar cat. with PS1 & WISE (Fu+, 2024)
CatNorth: An improved Gaia DR3 quasar candidate catalog with Pan-STARRS1 and
CatWISE.
Fu Y., Wu X.-B., Li Y., Pang Y., Joshi R., Zhang S., Wang Q., Yang J.,
Ng F., Liu X., Qiu Y., Zhu R., Wang H., Wolf C., Zhang Y., Huo Z.-Y.,
Ai Y.L., Ma Q., Feng X., Bouwens R.J.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 271, 54 (2024)>
=2024ApJS..271...54F 2024ApJS..271...54F (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Active gal. nuclei; QSOs; Surveys; Proper motions; Optical;
Photometry, infrared; Redshifts
Keywords: Active galactic nuclei; Astrostatistics techniques; Catalogs; Quasars
Redshift surveys
Abstract:
A complete and pure sample of quasars with accurate redshifts is
crucial for quasar studies and cosmology. In this paper, we present
CatNorth, an improved Gaia Data Release 3 (Gaia DR3) quasar candidate
catalog with more than 1.5 million sources in the 3π sky built with
data from Gaia, Pan-STARRS1, and CatWISE2020. The XGBoost algorithm is
used to reclassify the original Gaia DR3 quasar candidates as stars,
galaxies, and quasars. To construct training/validation data sets for
the classification, we carefully built two different master stellar
samples in addition to the spectroscopic galaxy and quasar samples. An
ensemble classification model is obtained by averaging two XGBoost
classifiers trained with different master stellar samples. Using a
probability threshold of pQSOmean>0.95 in our ensemble
classification model and an additional cut on the logarithmic
probability density of zero proper motion, we retrieved 1,545,514
reliable quasar candidates from the parent Gaia DR3 quasar candidate
catalog. We provide photometric redshifts for all candidates with an
ensemble regression model. For a subset of 89100 candidates, accurate
spectroscopic redshifts are estimated with the convolutional neural
network from the Gaia BP/RP spectra. The CatNorth catalog has a high
purity of ∼90%, while maintaining high completeness, which is an ideal
sample to understand the quasar population and its statistical
properties. The CatNorth catalog is used as the main source of input
catalog for the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic
Telescope phase III quasar survey, which is expected to build a highly
complete sample of bright quasars with i<19.5.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table4.dat 420 1545514 The CatNorth quasar candidate catalog
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See also:
III/227 : General Catalog of galactic Carbon stars, 3d Ed. (Alksnis+ 2001)
I/323 : International Celestial Reference Frame 2, ICRF2 (Ma+, 2009)
V/156 : LAMOST DR7 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)
VII/289 : SDSS quasar catalog, sixteenth data release (DR16Q) (Lyke+, 2020)
II/365 : The CatWISE2020 catalog (28-Jan-2021 version) (Marocco+, 2021)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
III/286 : APOGEE-2 DR17 final allStar catalog (Abdurro'uf+, 2022)
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
I/356 : Gaia DR3 Part 2. Extra-galactic (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
VII/294 : The Million Quasars (Milliquas) catalogue, version 8 (Flesch, 2023)
J/AJ/131/2766 : Quasar luminosity function from SDSS-DR3 (Richards+, 2006)
J/ApJS/165/1 : BAL QSOs from SDSS DR3 (Trump+, 2006)
J/ApJS/180/67 : Phot. selection of quasars from SDSS. II. (Richards+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/411/435 : Stellar parameters and extinction (Bailer-Jones, 2011)
J/ApJ/750/99 : The Pan-STARRS1 photometric system (Tonry+, 2012)
J/other/RAA/15.1671 : New carbon stars from LAMOST survey (Si+, 2015)
J/ApJ/815/33 : A Hubble diagram for quasars (Risaliti+, 2015)
J/ApJ/817/73 : QSOs and RR Lyrae in Pan-STARRS1 3π Data (Hernitschek+ 2016)
J/AJ/151/24 : LAMOST quasar survey: quasar properties from DR1 (Ai+, 2016)
J/other/RAA/16.C7 : LAMOST-SDSS galaxy pairs (Shen+, 2016)
J/ApJS/234/31 : Carbon stars from LAMOST using machine learning (Li+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/189 : LAMOST Quasar Survey: properties from DR2&3 (Dong+, 2018)
J/ApJS/240/6 : LAMOST Quasar Survey: Data Releases 4 and 5 (Yao+, 2019)
J/ApJS/240/31 : M-subdwarf research. I. LAMOST DR4 spectra obs. (Zhang+, 2019)
J/A+A/632/A56 : KiDS-BEXGO catalog (Khramtsov+, 2019)
J/ApJS/245/34 : Abundances for 6 million stars from LAMOST DR5 (Xiang+, 2019)
J/ApJS/250/17 : NGVS. XXXIV. Ultracompact dwarf galaxies in Virgo (Liu+, 2020)
J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia Early Data Release 3 photometric passbands (Riello+, 2021)
J/A+A/649/A81 : KiDSDR4 QSOs photometric redshifts catalog (Nakoneczny+, 2021)
J/ApJS/254/6 : Finding QSOs behind the Galactic Plane. I. (Fu+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/72 : Random forests method to discover high-z QSOs (Wenzl+, 2021)
J/ApJS/261/32 : Finding GPQs. II. Sp. obs. of |b|<20° QSOs (Fu+, 2022)
J/ApJS/265/25 : LAMOST Quasar Survey DR6-DR9 (Jin+, 2023)
J/A+A/674/A41 : Composite quasar spectra from Gaia DR3 (Gaia Coll., 2023)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 19 I19 --- Gaia Gaia DR3 unique source identifier
21- 30 F10.6 deg RAdeg Gaia DR3 Right ascension (ICRS) at
Ep=2016.0
32- 41 F10.6 deg DEdeg Gaia DR3 Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0
43- 52 F10.6 deg GLON Galactic longitude
54- 63 F10.6 deg GLAT Galactic latitude
65- 69 F5.1 mas plx [-11.7/14] Gaia DR3 parallax
71- 73 F3.1 mas e_plx [0/5] Uncertainty in plx
75- 79 F5.1 mas/yr pmRA [-10/9.4] Gaia DR3 proper motion in RA
direction
81- 83 F3.1 mas/yr e_pmRA [0/4] Uncertainty in pmRA
85- 88 F4.1 mas/yr pmDE [-9.2/9.6] Gaia DR3 proper motion in DE
direction
90- 92 F3.1 mas/yr e_pmDE [0/4] Uncertainty in pmDE
94- 98 F5.2 --- pmCorr [-0.9/0.9] Correlation between pmra and
pmdec
100- 104 F5.2 mag Bpmag [9.9/24]?=0 Gaia DR3 integrated blue
passband mean magnitude
106- 110 F5.2 mag Gmag [10/22]?=0 Gaia DR3 G-band mean magnitude
112- 116 F5.2 mag Rpmag [9.4/24]?=0 Gaia DR3 integrated Red
passband mean magnitude
118- 122 F5.2 mag BP-RP [-4/4] Gaia DR3 (BP-RP) color
124- 128 F5.2 --- Excess [0.2/43.1]?=0 Gaia DR3 BP/RP excess factor
130- 147 I18 --- PS1 PS1 unique object identifier (objID)
149- 157 F9.5 deg RAPdeg PS1 Right Ascension (J2000) (1)
159- 167 F9.5 deg DEPdeg PS1 Declination (J2000) (1)
169- 173 F5.2 mag gmag [11/30]?=0 Mean PSF AB magnitude from PS1
g-filter detections
175- 178 F4.2 mag e_gmag [0.01/0.5]?=0 Uncertainty in gmag
180- 184 F5.2 mag rmag [10/26]?=0 Mean PSF AB magnitude from PS1
r-filter detections
186- 189 F4.2 mag e_rmag [0.01/0.5]?=0 Uncertainty in rmag
191- 195 F5.2 mag imag [10.2/23] Mean PSF AB magnitude from PS1
i-filter detections
197- 200 F4.2 mag e_imag [0/0.22] Uncertainty in imag
202- 206 F5.2 mag zmag [12.7/23]?=0 Mean PSF AB magnitude from
PS1 z-filter detections
208- 211 F4.2 mag e_zmag [0.01/0.5]?=0 Uncertainty in zmag
213- 217 F5.2 mag ymag [6.6/22.4]?=0 Mean PSF AB magnitude from
PS1 y-filter detections
219- 222 F4.2 mag e_ymag [0.01/0.5]?=0 Uncertainty in ymag
224- 241 A18 --- CATWISE CatWISE2020 source identifier (objID)
243- 251 F9.5 deg RACdeg CatWISE2020 Right Ascension (J2000)
253- 261 F9.5 deg DECdeg CatWISE2020 Declination (J2000)
263- 267 F5.2 arcsec/yr pmRACW [-2.1/2.5] CatWISE2020 proper motion
in RA direction
269- 273 F5.2 arcsec/yr pmDECW [-5.3/3] CatWISE2020 proper motion
in DE direction
275- 278 F4.2 arcsec/yr e_pmRACW [0/0.4] Uncertainty in pmRACW
280- 283 F4.2 arcsec/yr e_pmDECW [0/0.4] Uncertainty in pmDECW
285- 289 F5.1 --- snrw1pm [5/324] Flux S/N ratio in CatWISE2020
band-1; W1
291- 296 F6.1 --- snrw2pm [3/1840] Flux S/N ratio in CatWISE2020
band-2; W2
298- 303 F6.3 mag W1mag [8/20.2] WPRO magnitude in band-1
305- 309 F5.3 mag e_W1mag [0.003/0.3] Uncertainty in W1mag
311- 316 F6.3 mag W2mag [7/19.1] WPRO magnitude in band-2
318- 322 F5.3 mag e_W2mag [0.001/0.4] Uncertainty in W2mag
324- 330 F7.2 --- chi2pmRA [0/2783] Chi-square for pmRACW difference
332- 339 F8.2 --- chi2pmDE [0/12790] Chi-square for pmDECW difference
341- 345 F5.2 --- CExcess [-0.9/42] Corrected Excess factor
347- 353 F7.3 --- fpm0 [0/523] Probability density of zero
proper motion
355- 360 F6.3 [-] logfpm0 [-4/99] Logarithm of fpm0
362- 366 F5.3 --- pGal [0/0.5] Mean probability of object being
a galaxy
368- 372 F5.3 --- pQSO [0.3/1] Mean probability of object being
a quasar
374- 378 F5.3 --- pstar [0/0.5] Mean probability of object being
a star
380- 384 F5.3 --- zGaia [0/6.2] Redshift estimate from Gaia DR3
QSO candidate table
386- 390 F5.3 --- zxgb [0/5] Photometric redshift predicted with
XGBoost
392- 396 F5.3 --- ztab [0/10] Photometric redshift predicted
with TabNet
398- 402 F5.3 --- zftt [0/6] Photometric redshift predicted with
FT-Transformer
404- 408 F5.3 --- zph [0.09/5.1] Ensemble photometric redshift
(2)
410- 414 F5.3 --- zxp-nn [0/5] Spectral redshift predicted with
RegNet using Gaia low-res spectroscopy
416- 420 A5 --- Good Indicator of PS1 photometry availability
(3)
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Note (1): Weighted mean at mean epoch.
Note (2): Mean value of zxgb, ztab, and zfft.
Note (3): Set to "True" if <2 bands of (griz) have invalid values. Set to
"False" otherwise.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 03-Jun-2024