J/ApJS/271/55 A full-sky 20pc census of stars & BDs (Kirkpatrick+, 2024)
The Initial Mass Function based on the full-sky 20pc census of ∼3600 stars
and brown dwarfs.
Kirkpatrick J.D., Marocco F., Gelino C.R., Raghu Y., Faherty J.K.,
Bardalez Gagliuffi D.C., Schurr S.D., Apps K., Schneider A.C.,
Meisner A.M., Kuchner M.J., Caselden D., Smart R.L., Casewell S.L.,
Raddi R., Kesseli A., Stevnbak Andersen N., Antonini E., Beaulieu P.,
Bickle T.P., Bilsing M., Chieng R., Colin G., Deen S., Dereveanco A.,
Doll K., Durantini Luca H.A., Frazer A., Gantier J.M., Gramaize L.,
Grant K., Hamlet L.K., Higashimura H., Hyogo M., Jalowiczor P.A.,
Jonkeren A., Kabatnik M., Kiwy F., Martin D.W., Michaels M.N.,
Pendrill W., Pessanha Machado C., Pumphrey B., Rothermich A., Russwurm R.,
Sainio A., Sanchez J., Sapelkin-Tambling F.T., Schumann J., Selg-Mann K.,
Singh H., Stenner A., Sun G., Tanner C., Thevenot M., Ventura M.,
Voloshin N.V., Walla J., Wedracki Z., Adorno J.I., Aganze C., Allers K.N.,
Brooks H., Burgasser A.J., Calamari E., Connor T., Costa E.,
Eisenhardt P.R., Gagne J., Gerasimov R., Gonzales E.C., Hsu C.-C.,
Kiman R., Li G., Low R., Mamajek E., Pantoja B.M., Popinchalk M.,
Rees J.M., Stern D., Suarez G., Theissen C., Tsai C.-W., Vos J.M.,
Zurek D., The Backyard Worlds: Planet 9 Collaboration
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 271, 55 (2024)>
=2024ApJS..271...55K 2024ApJS..271...55K
ADC_Keywords: Stars, brown dwarf; Spectral types; Stars, distances;
Photometry, infrared; Parallaxes, trigonometric; Exoplanets;
Radial velocities
Keywords: Initial mass function ; Stellar mass functions ; Brown dwarfs ;
Trigonometric parallax ; Solar neighborhood ; Binary stars
Abstract:
A complete accounting of nearby objects-from the highest-mass white
dwarf progenitors down to low-mass brown dwarfs-is now possible,
thanks to an almost complete set of trigonometric parallax
determinations from Gaia, ground-based surveys, and Spitzer follow-up.
We create a census of objects within a Sun-centered sphere of 20pc
radius and check published literature to decompose each binary or
higher-order system into its separate components. The result is a
volume-limited census of ∼3600 individual star formation products
useful in measuring the initial mass function across the stellar
(<8M☉) and substellar (≳5MJup) regimes. Comparing our
resulting initial mass function to previous measurements shows good
agreement above 0.8M☉ and a divergence at lower masses. Our 20pc
space densities are best fit with a quadripartite power law,
ξ(M)=dN/dM∝M-α, with long-established values of
α=2.3 at high masses (0.55<M<8.00M☉), and α=1.3 at
intermediate masses (0.22<M<0.55M☉), but at lower masses, we
find α=0.25 for 0.05<M<0.22M☉, and α=0.6 for
0.01<M<0.05M☉. This implies that the rate of production as a
function of decreasing mass diminishes in the low-mass star/high-mass
brown dwarf regime before increasing again in the low-mass brown dwarf
regime. Correcting for completeness, we find a star to brown dwarf
number ratio of, currently, 4:1, and an average mass per object of
0.41M☉.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 108 15 Stars lacking trigonometric parallaxes but
possibly within 20pc
notes1.dat 79 82 Notes for stars of Table 1
table2.dat 450 207 Potentially new M, L, T, and Y dwarf members of
the 20-pc census
table3.dat 146 22 CNS5 objects with absolute parallax ≥50mas not
included in our 20-pc census
table4.dat 2006 4407 The 20-pc census
notes4.dat 1191 4407 Notes for Table 4 systems/components
table5.dat 40 7 New 20-pc accelerators from the
Khovritchev & Kulikova 2015, J/PAZh/41/896 sample
table6.dat 98 83 20-pc accelerators in known close binary/multiple
systems
table7.dat 79 14 20-pc accelerators whose only close companions
are known exoplanets
table8.dat 115 97 20-pc accelerators with more distant (or no known)
companions
table9.dat 60 31 New 20-pc multiple systems identified through LUWE
table10.dat 120 160 Mass measurements and estimates for white dwarfs
in the 20-pc census
table11.dat 128 58 Giants and subgiants in the 20-pc census
table12.dat 121 73 Additions to and subtractions from the 20-pc L, T,
and Y census of Kirkpatrick+ 2021, J/ApJS/253/7
table13.dat 92 29 20-pc members of young associations and moving
groups with Ages < 100 Myr
table14.dat 97 47 20-pc objects with low-metallicity and/or halo
kinematics
table15.dat 108 162 20-pc objects hosting "Planets"
table18.dat 44 240 Number of objects and space densities per mass bin
for the 20-pc census
tablea2.dat 111 117 Spectroscopic follow-up
tablea3.dat 112 11 Preliminary parallax and motion fits for objects
on the NPARSEC parallax programs
tablea4.dat 109 67 Astrometry on the Gaia DR3 reference frame for
CWISE J181125.34+665806.4; see Section A.3.2.
tableb1.dat 49 88 The proximal systems for each constellation;
See Appendix B
refs.dat 115 688 References
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See also:
B/sb9 : SB9: 9th Catalog of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (Pourbaix+ 2004-2014)
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III/106 : MK Classification of Visual Multiples (Abt, 1981)
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VI/42 : Identification of a Constellation From Position (Roman 1987)
III/135 : Henry Draper Catalogue and Extension (Cannon+ 1918-1924; ADC 1989)
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I/196 : Hipparcos Input Catalogue, Version 2 (Turon+ 1993)
III/198 : Palomar/MSU nearby star spectroscopic survey (Hawley+ 1997)
III/210 : Spectroscopically Identified White Dwarfs (McCook+, 1999)
I/259 : The Tycho-2 Catalogue (Hog+ 2000)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
II/250 : Combined General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2004)
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J/ApJ/783/122 : AllWISE motion survey (Kirkpatrick+, 2014)
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J/A+A/600/A19 : Spectra of 28 nearby young late-M dwarfs (Phan-Bao+, 2017)
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J/AJ/154/228 : Transiting planet's host stars (Sandford+, 2017)
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J/AJ/153/136 : Planets & their host stars with Gaia plx (Stassun+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/32 : Solar neighborhood. XXXIX. Nearby WDs (Subasavage+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/110 : SOAR speckle interferometry. II. (Tokovinin, 2017)
J/AJ/153/14 : Solar neighborhood XXXVIII. (Winters+, 2017)
J/AJ/154/184 : Multiplicity of RV exoplanet host stars (Wittrock+, 2017)
J/AJ/155/30 : Fundamental param. of 87 stars from the NPOI (Baines+, 2018)
J/A+A/619/A32 : CARMENES SB2 orbital parameters (Baroch+, 2018)
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J/AJ/155/265 : The solar neighborhood. XLIV. RECONS (Henry+, 2018)
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J/A+A/614/A76 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. III. (Jeffers+, 2018)
J/ApJ/867/109 : Spitzer observations of Y and T dwarfs (Martin+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/215 : Speckle interferometry of red dwarf stars (Mason+, 2018)
J/AJ/155/180 : Cool dwarf targets for the TESS (Muirhead+, 2018)
J/A+A/619/L8 : Ultra-cool dwarfs candidates in Gaia DR2 (Reyle, 2018)
J/AJ/156/49 : The solar neighborhood. XLIII. (Riedel+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/481/3548 : Parallaxes of Southern Extremely Cool objects (Smart+, 2018)
J/A+A/615/A76 : Spectroscopic param. of stars (SPECIES). I. (Soto+, 2018)
J/AJ/156/102 : TESS Input Catalog & Candidate Target List (Stassun+, 2018)
J/ApJ/862/173 : Nearby low-mass stars proper motions (Theissen, 2018)
J/A+A/609/A117 : CARMENES RVel curves of 7 M-dwarf (Trifonov+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/480/5447 : New L subdwarfs, population properties (Zhang+, 2018)
J/ApJ/883/205 : Ultracool SpeXtroscopic survey. I. M7-L5 (Bardalez+, 2019)
J/ApJ/878/63 : Cool WD atm. models. IV. Spectral evol. (Blouin+, 2019)
J/ApJ/877/60 : YMGs. I. Young binaries & lithium-rich stars (Bowler+, 2019)
J/ApJ/882/106 : DB WDs with SDSS and Gaia data (Genest-Beaulieu+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/482/4570 : Gaia DR2 white dwarf candidates (Gentile Fusillo+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/182 : Discoveries from the NEOWISE PM survey (Greco+, 2019)
J/A+A/623/A72 : Binarity of HIP stars from Gaia pm anomaly (Kervella+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/63 : Radius relations for low-metallicity dwarfs (Kesseli+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/231 : MLSDSS-GaiaDR2 sample of M and L dwarfs (Kiman+, 2019)
J/ApJS/240/19 : Parallaxes of late-T and Y dwarfs (Kirkpatrick+, 2019)
J/ApJ/873/69 : Radial velocities of the EB M-dwarf YYGem (Kochukhov+, 2019)
J/A+A/623/A35 : A 3D view of the Hyades population (Lodieu+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/149 : Transit param. for planets around subgiants (Luhn+, 2019)
J/ApJ/871/63 : How to constrain your M dwarf. II. (Mann+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/13 : The first 300 stars observed by the GPIES (Nielsen+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/234 : ACRONYM. III. Cand. young low-mass stars (Schneider+, 2019)
J/A+A/625/A68 : Radii and masses of the CARMENES targets (Schweitzer+, 2019)
J/A+A/626/A31 : Radial velocities of nearby stars (Sperauskas+, 2019)
J/AJ/158/167 : Speckle obs. & orbits of multiple stars (Tokovinin+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/482/5222 : DA & DB white dwarfs in Gaia DR2 (Tremblay+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/216 : Stellar mult. rate of M dwarfs within 25pc (Winters+, 2019)
J/AJ/159/257 : Hawaii IR plx prog. IV. L0-T8 BDs with UKIRT (Best+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/63 : New AO obs. of exoplanets & BD companions (Bowler+, 2020)
J/A+A/642/A57 : Young visual M-dwarf binaries spectra (Calissendorff+, 2020)
J/A+A/642/A115 : CARMENES input catalogue of M dwarfs. V. (Cifuentes+, 2020)
J/ApJ/889/176 : Very low-mass binaries with Gaia DR2 data (Faherty+, 2020)
J/ApJS/250/29 : Search for nearby Earth analogs. III. RV sets (Feng+, 2020)
J/A+A/633/A44 : HARPS Young Nearby Stars - YNS (Grandjean+, 2020)
J/ApJ/898/84 : Sp. follow-up of 100pc WDs in SDSS & Gaia (Kilic+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/139 : Mult. M dwarf stars with Robo-AO & Gaia DR2 (Lamman+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/499/1890 : Gaia white dwarfs within 40pc. II. (McCleery+, 2020)
J/ApJ/889/74 : Spitzer follow-up of Y brown dwarfs (Meisner+, 2020)
J/ApJ/899/123 : Spitzer follow up of 95 brown dwarfs (Meisner+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/266 : 12yrs positional measurements of 8 bin. (Mitrofanova+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/492/2709 : Double-lined spectroscopic binaries cat. (Piccotti+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/7 : 2019 SOAR speckle interferometry of bin. (Tokovinin+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/497/130 : Gaia white dwarfs within 40pc. I (Tremblay+, 2020)
J/A+A/636/A74 : HARPS radial velocity database (Trifonov+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/166 : Membership of moving groups with Gaia (Ujjwal+, 2020)
J/AJ/160/215 : The solar neighborhood. XLVI. (Vrijmoet+, 2020)
J/AJ/159/290 : RVs of 12 spectroscopic binaries M-dwarfs (Winters+, 2020)
J/AJ/161/42 : Volume-limited sample of cool dwarfs. I. (Best+, 2021)
J/ApJS/254/42 : Hipparcos-Gaia (EDR3) Cat. of Accelerations (Brandt, 2021)
J/AJ/161/172 : The Solar Neighborhood. XLVII. STIS obs. (Dieterich+, 2021)
J/A+A/649/A6 : Gaia Cat. of Nearby Stars - GCNS (Gaia collaboration, 2021)
J/ApJ/921/41 : Interferometry & AO imaging of α Oph (Gardner+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/508/3877 : Catalogue of white dwarfs in Gaia EDR3 (Gentile+, 2021)
J/A+A/650/A190 : Wide companions to M and L subdwarfs (Gonzalez-Payo+, 2021)
J/ApJS/257/45 : BDKP. V. Radial & rot. vel. of M, L, T dwarfs (Hsu+, 2021)
J/ApJ/917/23 : SPYGLASS. I. Mapping young stellar structures (Kerr+, 2021)
J/ApJS/253/7 : A full-sky census of BDs within 20pc (Kirkpatrick+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/156 : Speckle nearby mult. stars. II (Mitrofanova+, 2021)
J/A+A/650/A201 : 10 parsec sample in the Gaia era first update (Reyle+, 2021)
J/A+A/649/A3 : Gaia Early DR3 photometric passbands (Riello+, 2021)
J/AJ/162/102 : LASSO; Robo-AO obs. of 444 young stars (Salama+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/144 : Inner & outer orbits in mult. stars syst. (Tokovinin, 2021)
J/AJ/162/41 : Speckle interferometry at SOAR in 2020 (Tokovinin+, 2021)
J/A+A/654/A104 : HARPS XLVI. RV data for the 5 targets (Unger+, 2021)
J/AJ/161/63 : M dwarfs within 15pc (Winters+, 2021)
J/ApJ/935/L9 : Close encounters to the Sun in Gaia DR3 (Bailer-Jones, 2022)
J/ApJS/262/21 : 3-D selection of 167 sub-stellar companions (Feng+, 2022)
J/AJ/163/44 : Astrometric param. of unbound stellar pairs (Hansen, 2022)
J/A+A/658/A47 : Dwarf stars limb-darkening coefficients (Karovicova+, 2022)
J/A+A/657/A7 : Stellar & substellar companions from Gaia (Kervella+, 2022)
J/A+A/664/A65 : Early-M dwarfs occurrence rates (Pinamonti+, 2022)
J/AJ/163/200 : Robo-AO of northern stars companions (Salama+, 2022)
J/AJ/163/178 : The Solar Neighborhood. XLIV. SOAR (Vrijmoet+, 2022)
J/AJ/165/164 : Tull RVels, rot. periods and Inclinations (Bowler+, 2023)
J/A+A/670/A19 : Fifth Catalogue of Nearby Stars (CNS5) (Golovin+, 2023)
J/MNRAS/518/3055 : Gaia white dwarfs within 40pc. III (O'Brien+, 2023)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 27 A27 --- Name Name
29- 37 A9 --- SName Approximate J2000 Coordinates used as
a short name throughout text
39- 48 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (J2000)
50- 59 F10.6 deg DEdeg [-61.2/74.1] Declination (J2000)
61- 82 A22 --- SpT Spectral type(s)
84- 88 A5 --- n_SpT Reference(s) for SpT (1)
91- 91 A1 --- q_Distl Quality flag on Distl
93- 96 F4.1 pc Distl [15/20] Estimated distance from the literature
98-100 F3.1 pc e_Distl [3/4.4]? Uncertainty in Distl
102-102 I1 --- n_Distl [1/3] Reference(s) for Distl (2)
104-108 A5 pc Dist Adopted distance estimate (see notes1.dat file)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): References for SpT as follows:
1 = Koester et al. (2009A&A...505..441K 2009A&A...505..441K)
2 = Farihi et al. (2006ApJ...646..480F 2006ApJ...646..480F)
3 = Bergfors et al. (2016MNRAS.456.2576B 2016MNRAS.456.2576B)
4 = Malo et al. (2014ApJ...792...37M 2014ApJ...792...37M)
5 = Calissendorff et al. (2020A&A...642A..57C 2020A&A...642A..57C)
6 = Terrien et al. (2015ApJS..220...16T 2015ApJS..220...16T)
7 = Jeffers et al. (2018A&A...614A..76J 2018A&A...614A..76J)
8 = Lepine et al. (2013AJ....145..102L 2013AJ....145..102L)
9 = Alonso-Floriano et al. (2015A&A...577A.128A 2015A&A...577A.128A)
10 = Bowler et al. (2019ApJ...877...60B 2019ApJ...877...60B)
11 = Janson et al. (2012ApJ...754...44J 2012ApJ...754...44J)
12 = Rajpurohit et al. (2020MNRAS.492.5844R 2020MNRAS.492.5844R)
14 = Scholz et al. (2005A&A...442..211S 2005A&A...442..211S)
15 = Rajpurohit et al. (2013A&A...556A..15R 2013A&A...556A..15R)
16 = Reid et al. (2007AJ....133.2825R 2007AJ....133.2825R)
Note (2): References for Distl as follow:
1 = Gliese & Jahreiss (1991adc..rept.....G)
2 = Finch et al. (2014AJ....148..119F 2014AJ....148..119F)
3 = Winters et al. (2015AJ....149....5W 2015AJ....149....5W)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: notes1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 9 A9 --- SName Short J2000 name as used in Table 1
11- 79 A69 --- Note Text of the note
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 27 A27 --- Name Object's discovery designation with J2000
coordinates
29- 43 A15 --- DiscRef Discovery reference (1)
45- 48 F4.1 --- SpTOpt [-6/4]? Optical spectral type (2)
50- 53 F4.1 --- SpTIR [-2/18.5]? Near-infrared spectral type (2)
55- 56 A2 --- SpRef Reference for the spectral type (3)
58- 62 F5.2 mag Gmag [12/21.15]? G-band magnitude from Gaia DR3
64- 68 F5.2 mag RPmag [10.4/19.61]? GRP-band magnitude from
Gaia DR3
70- 75 F6.3 mag W1mag [7.97/20.3]? W1 (3.4um) magnitude from the
WISE catalog indicated by the object
designation (4)
77- 81 F5.3 mag e_W1mag [0.01/0.5]? Uncertainty in W1mag
83- 88 F6.3 mag W2mag [7.78/16.6]? W2 (4.6um) magnitude from the
WISE catalog indicated by the object
designation
90- 94 F5.3 mag e_W2mag [0.007/0.11]? Uncertainty in W2mag
96- 101 F6.3 mag ch1mag [10.35/18.7]? Spitzer/IRAC ch1 (3.6um)
magnitude
103- 107 F5.3 mag e_ch1mag [0.004/0.5]? Uncertainty in ch1mag
109- 114 F6.3 mag ch2mag [10.26/16.3]? Spitzer/IRAC ch2 (4.5um)
magnitude
116- 120 F5.3 mag e_ch2mag [0.005/0.07]? Uncertainty in ch2mag
122 A1 --- S Reference for the Spitzer photometry (5)
124- 128 F5.2 mag JMKO [9/22.43]? J-band magnitude on the Mauna
Kea Observatories filter system (6)
130- 133 F4.2 mag e_JMKO [0.01/0.3]? Uncertainty in JMKO
135- 139 F5.2 mag HMKO [8.4/19.1]? H-band magnitude on either the
Mauna Kea Observatories or 2MASS filter
system
141- 144 F4.2 mag e_HMKO [0.01/0.3]? Uncertainty in HMKO
146- 147 A2 --- NIR Reference for J and H photometry (7)
149- 159 A11 --- DateObs UT date of observation for any Jmag or Hmag
values reported for the first time in this
paper
161- 168 F8.5 arcsec/yr pmRA [-1.2/1]? Proper motion in Right Ascension
from CatWISE2020
170- 175 F6.4 arcsec/yr e_pmRA [0.003/0.2]? Uncertainty in pmRA
177- 184 F8.5 arcsec/yr pmDE [-1.4/0.8]? Proper motion in Declination
from CatWISE2020
186- 191 F6.4 arcsec/yr e_pmDE [0.003/0.2]? Uncertainty in pmDE
193- 198 F6.1 mas/yr pmtot [12.4/1365]? Total proper motion
200- 204 F5.1 mas/yr e_pmtot [4.8/217]? Uncertainty in pmtot
206- 210 F5.1 --- pmsig [0.8/137]? Significance of the CatWISE2020
proper motion measurement (pmtot/pmerr)
212 A1 --- l_DistJ Limit flag on DistJ
214- 218 F5.2 pc DistJ [2.8/28.3]? Distance estimate based on the
Jmag vs J-W2 relation
220- 224 F5.2 pc DistH [10.9/84.31]? Distance estimate based on
the Hmag vs spectral type relation
226- 230 F5.2 pc Distch2 [13.6/31.3]? Distance estimate based on
the ch2mag vs ch1-ch2 relation
232 A1 --- l_DistW2 Limit flag on DistW2
234- 238 F5.2 pc DistW2 [8.9/40.8]? Distance estimate based on the
W2mag vs W1-W2 relation
240- 244 F5.2 pc DistG [6/46.1]? Distance estimate based on the
Gmag vs G-J relation
246- 250 F5.2 pc DistRP [11.8/52.3]? Distance estimate based on
the Gaia RPmag vs GRP-J relation
252 A1 --- l_Dist Limit flag on Dist
253- 257 F5.1 pc Dist [8.9/100.0]? Adopted distance
259 I1 --- n_Dist [1/6] Method used to determine Dist (8)
261- 263 A3 --- Res Result (9)
265 A1 --- l_J-W2 Limit flag on J-W2
267- 270 F4.2 mag J-W2 [1.1/6.8]? J-W2 color
272- 276 F5.2 mag ch1-ch2 [-0.1/2.71]? ch1-ch2 color
278 A1 --- l_W1-W2 Limit flag on W1-W2
279- 283 F5.2 mag W1-W2 [-0.01/4.3]? W1-W2 color
285- 288 F4.2 mag G-J [3/5.8]? G-J color
290- 293 F4.2 mag RP-J [1.4/4]? GRP-J color
295 A1 --- l_SpW Limit flag on SpW
297- 300 F4.1 --- SpW [6.3/20]? Spectral type suggested by the
W1-W2 color
302- 305 F4.1 --- SpS [13.4/21]? Spectral type suggested by the
Spitzer ch1-ch2 color
307 A1 --- l_SpJW Limit flag on SpJW
309- 312 F4.1 --- SpJW [18.7/20.2]? Spectral type suggested by
the J-W2 color
314- 450 A137 --- Note Additional notes for this object
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Alphabetic characters refer to discoveries in this paper by
Backyard Worlds citizen scientists, and numeric characters refer to
published literature references. Both an alphabetic and a numeric
code are listed in cases for which a citizen scientist
re-discovered a published object that we felt required a fresh
look. The codes are as follows:
A = Nikolaj Stevnbak Andersen;
B = Paul Beaulieu;
C = Guillaume Colin;
D = Dan Caselden;
E = Andres Stenner;
F = Guoyou Sun;
G = Sam Goodman;
H = Leslie K. Hamlet;
I = Nikita V. Voloshin;
J = Jorg Schumann;
K = Martin Kabatnik;
L = Leopold Gramaize;
M = David W. Martin;
N = Karl Selg-Mann;
O = Frank Kiwy;
P = William Pendrill;
Q = Tom Bickle;
R = Austin Rothermich;
S = Arttu Sainio;
T = Melina Thevenot;
U = Alexandru Dereveanco;
V = Christopher Tanner;
W = Jim Walla;
X = Alexander Jonkeren;
Y = Benjamin Pumphrey;
Z = Zbigniew Wedracki;
a = Hiro Higashimura;
b = John Sanchez;
c = Martin Bilsing;
1 = Meisner et al. (2020ApJ...889...74M 2020ApJ...889...74M)
2 = Meisner et al. (2020ApJ...899..123M 2020ApJ...899..123M)
3 = Schneider et al. (2016ApJ...817..112S 2016ApJ...817..112S)
4 = Schneider et al. (2017AJ....153..196S 2017AJ....153..196S)
5 = Schneider et al. (2020ApJ...898...77S 2020ApJ...898...77S)
6 = Schneider et al. (2021ApJ...921..140S 2021ApJ...921..140S)
7 = Schneider et al. (2022AJ....163..242S 2022AJ....163..242S)
8 = Zhang et al. (2019MNRAS.486.1260Z 2019MNRAS.486.1260Z)
9 = Kellogg et al. (2017AJ....154..112K 2017AJ....154..112K)
10 = Best et al. (2020AJ....159..257B 2020AJ....159..257B)
11 = Martin et al. (2018ApJ...867..109M 2018ApJ...867..109M)
12 = Kirkpatrick et al. (2021ApJS..253....7K 2021ApJS..253....7K)
13 = Faherty et al. (2020ApJ...889..176F 2020ApJ...889..176F)
14 = Bardalez Gagliuffi et al. (2020ApJ...895..145B 2020ApJ...895..145B)
15 = Luhman (2014ApJ...781....4L 2014ApJ...781....4L)
16 = Kota et al. (2022AJ....163..116K 2022AJ....163..116K)
17 = Schapera et al. (2022RNAAS...6..189S 2022RNAAS...6..189S)
18 = Humphreys et al. (2023RNAAS...7..184H 2023RNAAS...7..184H)
19 = Rothermich et al. (2024, submitted);
20 = Skrzypek et al. (2016A&A...589A..49S 2016A&A...589A..49S)
Note (2): Numeric spectral type codes are -5.0=M5, 0.0=L0, 5.0=L5, 10.0=T0,
15.0=T5, 20.0=Y0, etc.
Note (3): The first character is for the optical type and second
character for the near-infrared type, as follows:
A = Schneider et al. (2017AJ....153..196S 2017AJ....153..196S)
E = Martin et al. (2018ApJ...867..109M 2018ApJ...867..109M)
F = Faherty et al. (2020ApJ...889..176F 2020ApJ...889..176F)
H = Humphreys et al. (2023RNAAS...7..184H 2023RNAAS...7..184H)
I = Kirkpatrick et al. (2021ApJS..253....7K 2021ApJS..253....7K)
J = Kirkpatrick et al. (2016ApJS..224...36K 2016ApJS..224...36K)
K = this paper;
L = Kellogg et al. (2017AJ....154..112K 2017AJ....154..112K)
M = Meisner et al. (2020ApJ...899..123M 2020ApJ...899..123M)
R = Rothermich et al. (2024, submitted);
S = Schapera et al. (2022RNAAS...6..189S 2022RNAAS...6..189S)
X = Schneider et al. (2020ApJ...898...77S 2020ApJ...898...77S)
Y = Schneider et al. (2022AJ....163..242S 2022AJ....163..242S)
Z = Zhang et al. (2019MNRAS.486.1260Z 2019MNRAS.486.1260Z)
Note (4): Values lacking uncertainties are 2σ brightness upper limits.
Note (5): Codes for references for the Spitzer photometry are as follows:
a = Meisner et al. (2020ApJ...889...74M 2020ApJ...889...74M)
b = Meisner et al. (2020ApJ...899..123M 2020ApJ...899..123M)
K = This paper.
Note (6): Values lacking uncertainties are 5σ brightness upper limits.
Note (7): Two-character code for the reference to JMKO and H,
respectively. Note that H-band magnitudes are generally included
only for sources with measured spectral types. Codes are as follows:
2 = 2MASS All-Sky Point Source Catalog;
G = Gemini/FLAMINGOS-2 (this paper);
K = Keck/MOSFIRE (this paper);
P = Palomar/WIRC (this paper);
S = Schneider et al. (2021ApJ...921..140S 2021ApJ...921..140S)
U = UHS;
u = ULAS or UGPS;
V = VHS;
v = VVV;
Z = VVV photometry from Schapera et al. (2022RNAAS...6..189S 2022RNAAS...6..189S)
Note (8): Codes for the method used to determine Dist are as follows:
1 = The average of DistJ, DistH, Distch2 is used;
2 = DistW2 alone is used;
3 = DistG alone is used;
4 = DistRP alone is used;
5 = The distance is determined from the Gaia DR3 parallax;
6 = See Note for details.
Note (9): Result codes are as follows:
in = Object assumed to be located within 20pc of the Sun and
included in the 20-pc census;
out = Object assumed to be located beyond 20pc and not included in
the 20-pc census.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 28 A28 --- Name Object name
30- 31 I2 h RAh [4/23] Hour of Right Ascension, CNS5 (J2000)
33- 34 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension, CNS5 (J2000)
36- 40 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension, CNS5 (J2000)
42- 42 A1 --- DE- [±] Sign of the Declination, CNS5 (J2000)
43- 44 I2 deg DEd [1/74] Degree of Declination, CNS5 (J2000)
46- 47 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination, CNS5 (J2000)
49- 52 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination, CNS5 (J2000)
54- 59 F6.2 mas plxCNS5 [50/175] CNS5 absolute parallax
61- 64 F4.2 mas e_plxCNS5 [0.03/8] Uncertainty in plxCNS5
66- 70 F5.2 mas plx [40.9/50]? Absolute parallax, this work
72- 75 F4.2 mas e_plx [0.02/4.3]? Uncertainty in plx
77- 94 A18 --- Notes Notes on adopted parallax or no measurement
96-146 A51 --- Ref Reference used
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 85 A85 --- Name Default name(s) in SIMBAD, ampersand
delimited for systems,
See Section 3.6.4 for component
formalism
87 I1 --- NcTR [1/6] Number of known components for
this row
89- 97 F9.4 Msun IMass [-999/7.2]? Adopted initial mass
of this component (1)
99- 104 F6.4 Msun e_IMass [0/3]? Uncertainty in
adopted initial mass
106- 125 A20 --- n_IMass Origin of adopted initial mass
127- 132 F6.4 Msun Mass [0.027/5.5]? Directly measured mass
134- 139 F6.4 Msun e_Mass [0/3]? Uncertainty in Mass
141- 171 A31 --- n_Mass Method for direct mass measurement
173- 186 A14 --- r_Mass ? Reference for direct mass
measurement (see refs.dat file)
188- 192 F5.3 Msun Massl [0.013/3.4]? Estimated mass from the
literature
194- 198 F5.3 Msun e_Massl [0.001/0.4]? Uncertainty in Massl
200- 256 A57 --- n_Massl Method used for this estimated mass
determination
258- 278 A21 --- r_Massl Reference for this estimated mass
(see refs.dat file)
279- 283 F5.3 Msun MassTIC [0.08/2]? Estimated mass from
the TESS Input Catalog
285- 289 F5.3 Msun e_MassTIC [0.005/0.3]? Uncertainty on MassTIC
291- 295 F5.3 Msun MassSH [0.09/1.1]? Estimated mass from
StarHorse
297- 301 F5.3 Msun e_MassSH [0/2.2]? Uncertainty on MassSH
303- 307 F5.3 Msun MassKs [0.07/0.8]? Estimated mass from
Ksmag relation
309- 313 F5.3 Msun e_MassKs [0.002/0.1]? Uncertainty in MassKs
315- 319 F5.3 Msun MassG [0.08/0.7]? Estimated mass from
M_G relation
321- 325 F5.3 Msun e_MassG [0.006/0.2]? Uncertainty in MassG
327- 330 I4 K Teff [250/2338]? Effective temperature,
for L, T, Y dwarfs only
332- 334 I3 K e_Teff [10/333]? Uncertainty in Teff
336 I1 --- Npl [1/8]? Number of known exoplanets in
NASA Exoplanet Archive as of
01 Sep 2022
338- 343 F6.3 --- RUWE [0.5/36]? Gaia EDR3
renormalized unit weight error
345- 347 A3 --- Bin? Possible binary flagged via local
unit weight error
349- 357 A9 --- Acc? Accelerator flagged by
Brandt (2021, J/ApJS/254/42)
or Khovritchev and Kulikova 2015,
J/PAZh/41/896 marked by "(K15)"
359- 364 F6.4 Msun Mass3AU [0/0.4]? Kervella+ (2022,
J/A+A/657/A7) mass estimate of
companion if it is at 3au
366- 371 F6.4 Msun Mass30AU [0.0005/2]? Kervella+ (2022,
J/A+A/657/A7) mass estimate of
companion if it is at 30au
373- 384 A12 --- Syst System hierarchy value,
See Section 3.6.4
386 I1 --- Ncomp [1/6]? Number of components, if this
is top level of system otherwise
null
388- 395 I8 --- SystCode [0/27540000] System hierarchy
value collapsed into an 8-digit
integer
397- 468 A72 --- OName Common name
470- 499 A30 --- OID Bayer or Flamsteed designation (2)
501- 507 A7 --- HR Bright Star Catalogue ("Harvard
Revised") designation (2)
509- 539 A31 --- HD Henry Draper Catalogue designation
(2)
541- 562 A22 --- BD Bonner Durchmusterung designation (2)
564- 597 A34 --- CD Cordoba Durchmusterung designation
(2)
599- 610 A12 --- CPD Cape Photographic Durchmusterung
designation (2)
612- 630 A19 --- Wolf Wolf motion survey designation (2)
632- 650 A19 --- Ross Ross motion survey designation (2)
652- 682 A31 --- L Bruce Proper Motion designation
("Luyten", south) (2)
684- 706 A23 --- LP Luyten Palomar designation (north)
(2)
708- 749 A42 --- Giclas Giclas motion survey designation (2)
751- 768 A18 --- LHS Luyten Half Second designation (2)
770- 786 A17 --- LFT Luyten Five Tenths designation (2)
788- 808 A21 --- NLTT New Luyten Two Tenths designation (2)
810- 828 A19 --- LTT Luyten Two Tenths designation (2)
830- 878 A49 --- LSPM Lepine+Shara Proper Motion
designation (2)
880- 908 A29 --- SCR SuperCOSMOS+RECONS designation (2)
910- 924 A15 --- UPM UCAC3 Proper Motion designation (2)
926- 958 A33 --- APMPM Automated Plate Measurer Proper
Motion designation (2)
960- 980 A21 --- LEHPM Liverpool-Edinburgh High Proper
Motion designation (2)
982- 988 A7 --- WT Wroblewski+Torres motion survey
designation (2)
990- 1004 A15 --- SIPS Southern Infrared Proper motion
Survey designation (2)
1006- 1033 A28 --- PMID Proper Motion (B1950) survey
designation (2)
1035- 1083 A49 --- PMJID Proper Motion (J2000) survey
designation (2)
1085- 1098 A14 --- WD White Dwarf designation (2)
1100- 1106 A7 --- LAWD Luyten Atlas of White Dwarfs
designation (2)
1108- 1115 A8 --- EGGR Eggen+Greenstein designation (2)
1117- 1139 A23 --- 2MASS Two Micron All Sky Survey
designation (2)
1141- 1166 A26 --- WISE Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
designation (2)
1168- 1196 A29 --- Gaia Gaia designation (2)
1198- 1207 A10 --- HIC Hipparcos Input Catalogue
designation (2)
1209- 1218 A10 --- HIP Hipparcos Catalogue designation (2)
1220- 1250 A31 --- TYC Tycho-2 Catalog designation (2)
1252- 1285 A34 --- UCAC4 Fourth USNO CCD Astrograph Catalog
designation (2)
1287- 1313 A27 --- TIC TESS Input Catalog designation (2)
1315- 1333 A19 --- GJ Gliese+Jahreiss nearby star catalog
designation (2)
1335- 1376 A42 --- Var Variable Star designation (2)
1378- 1408 A31 --- VarType Type of variability seen, if column
Var filled
1410- 1446 A37 --- Karmn CARMENES designation (2)
1448- 1488 A41 --- Mult Multiple system (SIMBAD)
designations, comma delimited (2)
1490- 1511 A22 --- NamesRef Reference(s) for designations (2)
1513- 1514 I2 h RAh Hour of right ascension,
usually from SIMBAD (J2000)
1516- 1517 I2 min RAm Minute of right ascension,
usually from SIMBAD (J2000)
1519- 1531 F13.10 s RAs Second of right ascension,
usually from SIMBAD (J2000)
1533 A1 --- DE- Sign of declination,
usually from SIMBAD (J2000)
1534- 1535 I2 deg DEd Degree of declination,
usually from SIMBAD (J2000)
1537- 1538 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of declination,
usually from SIMBAD (J2000)
1540- 1551 F12.9 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of declination,
usually from SIMBAD (J2000)
1553- 1565 F13.9 deg RAPdeg ? Decimal J2000 right ascension,
if precision astrometry exists
1567- 1579 F13.9 mas e_RAPdeg [0.006/296]? Uncertainty on decimal
J2000 right ascension
1581- 1593 F13.9 deg DEPdeg [-88.2/85.1]? Decimal J2000
declination, if precision astrometry
exists
1595- 1602 F8.4 mas e_DEPdeg [0.006/309]? Uncertainty on decimal
J2000 declination
1604- 1610 F7.2 yr NoteEpoch [1991.25/2019.8]? Epoch to which the
decimal RA and DEC values above
refer, Julian years
1612- 1619 F8.4 mas Plx [-12.3/769]? Absolute parallax
1621- 1627 F7.4 mas e_Plx [0.009/73]? Uncertainty in the
absolute parallax
1629- 1638 F10.4 mas/yr pmRA [-8124/6766]? Proper motion in
right ascension
1640- 1647 F8.4 mas/yr e_pmRA [0.008/103]? Uncertainty in pmRA
1649- 1657 F9.3 mas/yr pmDE [-5818/10363]? Proper motion
in declination
1659- 1665 F7.3 mas/yr e_pmDE [0.01/109]? Uncertainty in pmDE
1667- 1683 A17 --- PlxPMRef Reference for the parallax and
proper motion values
(see refs.dat file)
1685- 1687 A3 --- Const Constellation in which this object
falls
1689- 1716 A28 --- SpTOpt Published spectral type in the
optical
1718- 1722 F5.1 --- SpTOptCode [0/113]? Machine-readable code
for optical spectral type
1724- 1756 A33 --- r_SpTOpt Reference for the optical spectral
type (see refs.dat file)
1758- 1771 A14 --- SpTNIR Published spectral type in the
near-infrared
1773- 1776 F4.1 --- SpTNIRCode [43.5/72]? Machine-readable code
for the near-infrared type
1778- 1807 A30 --- r_SpTNIR Reference for the near-infrared
spectral type (see refs.dat file)
1809- 1815 F7.2 km.s-1 GaiaRV [-415/246]? Radial velocity from
Gaia DR3
1817- 1821 F5.2 km.s-1 e_GaiaRV [0.1/39]? Uncertainty in GaiaRV
1823- 1831 F9.6 mag Gmag [2.68/21.4]? G-band magnitude from
Gaia EDR3
1833- 1840 F8.6 mag e_Gmag [0/0.04]? Uncertainty in G, as
provided by VizieR
1842- 1847 F6.3 mag BPmag [3.18/23]? GBP-band magnitude
from Gaia EDR3
1849- 1853 F5.3 mag e_BPmag [0.001/1]? Uncertainty in GBP,
as provided by VizieR
1855- 1860 F6.3 mag RPmag [2.3/19.7]? GRP-band magnitude
from Gaia EDR3
1862- 1866 F5.3 mag e_RPmag [0.001/1.2]? Uncertainty in GRP,
as provided by VizieR
1868- 1873 F6.3 mag JMKO [11.4/25]? J-band photometry on
the MKO system
1875- 1879 F5.3 mag e_JMKO [0.01/0.5]? Uncertainty in JMKO
1881- 1886 F6.3 mag Jmag [-2.3/21]? J-band photometry on
the 2MASS system
1888- 1892 F5.3 mag e_Jmag [0.01/10]? Uncertainty in Jmag
1894- 1899 F6.3 mag Hmag [-2.9/25.3]? H-band photometry on
the MKO or 2MASS system
1901- 1905 F5.3 mag e_Hmag [0.01/10]? Uncertainty in Hmag
1907- 1912 F6.3 mag KMKO [10/23.5]? K-band photometry on the
MKO system
1914- 1918 F5.3 mag e_KMKO [0.01/0.5]? Uncertainty in KMKO
1920- 1925 F6.3 mag Ksmag [-3/19]? K_s-band photometry on
the 2MASS system
1927- 1931 F5.3 mag e_Ksmag [0.01/10]? Uncertainty in Ksmag
1933- 1937 A5 --- NIRref References for JMKO, J2MASS, H, K,
and Ks (3)
1939- 1941 A3 --- 2Mcont Note if the 2MASS photometry is
contaminated
1943- 1948 F6.3 mag W1mag [0.6/20]? W1 photometry from WISE
1950- 1954 F5.3 mag e_W1mag [0.007/0.6]? Uncertainty in W1mag
1956- 1961 F6.3 mag W2mag [0.06/17.4]? W2 photometry from WISE
1963- 1967 F5.3 mag e_W2mag [0.001/0.5]? Uncertainty in W2mag
1969- 1974 F6.3 mag W3mag [-2.5/13.6]? W3 photometry from WISE
1976- 1980 F5.3 mag e_W3mag [0.004/0.6]? Uncertainty in W3mag
1982- 1991 A10 mag W4mag W4 photometry from WISE
1993- 1997 F5.3 mag e_W4mag [0.001/0.6]? Uncertainty in W4mag
1999- 2002 A4 --- WISERef References for W1, W2, W3, and W4
mag (4)
2004- 2006 A3 --- WISEcont Note if the WISE photometry is
contaminated
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): There are two values of AdoptedInitialMass that require explanation:
-999.000 = are for objects with NCompsOnThisRow=1 and
AdoptedInitialMassNote=Teff. These are single, brown dwarf
components, for which the effective temperature distribution of
the entire brown dwarf population was used to determine the
mass function at the lowest masses;
Null or blank values are for objects with NCompsOnThisRow>1. As these
aren't individual components, mass estimates were not required.
Note (2): Designation references as:
Bayer = Bayer (1603uoac.book.....B)
Flamsteed = Stellarum Inerrantium Catalogus Britannicus
(Flamsteed 1725hcbt.book.....F),
http://pbarbier.com/flamsteed/flamsteed.html,
http://www.ianridpath.com/ startales/flamsteed.html, de
Lalande, J. (1783) ephemerides des mouvements celestes pour le
meridien de Paris,
tome huitieme (Paris: Vve Herissant), 72 [NA),
Hoffleit & Jaschek (1991bsc..book.....H 1991bsc..book.....H)
HR = Schlesinger (1930cbs..book.....S 1930cbs..book.....S),
Schlesinger & Jenkins (1940cbs..book.....S 1940cbs..book.....S),
Hoffleit (1964cbs..book.....H 1964cbs..book.....H),
Hoffleit & Jaschek (1982bsc..book.....H 1982bsc..book.....H),
Hoffleit et al. (1983bscs.book.....H 1983bscs.book.....H),
Hoffleit & Jaschek (1991bsc..book.....H 1991bsc..book.....H)
HD = Cannon & Pickering (1918AnHar..91....1C 1918AnHar..91....1C),
Cannon & Pickering (1918AnHar..92....1C 1918AnHar..92....1C),
Cannon & Pickering (1919AnHar..93....1C 1919AnHar..93....1C),
Cannon & Pickering (1919AnHar..94....1C 1919AnHar..94....1C),
Cannon & Pickering (1920AnHar..95....1C 1920AnHar..95....1C),
Cannon & Pickering (1921AnHar..96....1C 1921AnHar..96....1C),
Cannon & Pickering (1922AnHar..97....1C 1922AnHar..97....1C),
Cannon & Pickering (1923AnHar..98....1C 1923AnHar..98....1C),
Cannon & Pickering (1924AnHar..99....1C 1924AnHar..99....1C),
Cannon (1925AnHar.100....1C 1925AnHar.100....1C),
Cannon (1925AnHar.100....1C 1925AnHar.100....1C),
Cannon (1927AnHar.100...33C 1927AnHar.100...33C),
Cannon (1928AnHar.100...49C 1928AnHar.100...49C),
Cannon (1931AnHar.100...61C 1931AnHar.100...61C),
Cannon (1936AnHar.100....1C 1936AnHar.100....1C),
Cannon & Mayall (1949AnHar.112....1C 1949AnHar.112....1C)
BD = Schonfeld (1886BD....C......0S 1886BD....C......0S),
Argelander (1903BD....C......0A 1903BD....C......0A)
CD = Thome (1890AJ.....10..105T 1890AJ.....10..105T),
Thome (1892RNAO...16....1T 1892RNAO...16....1T),
Thome (1894RNAO...17....1T 1894RNAO...17....1T),
Thome (1900cdbp.book.....T 1900cdbp.book.....T),
Thome (1914RNAO...21....1T 1914RNAO...21....1T),
Perrine (1932RNAO...21....1P 1932RNAO...21....1P)
CPD = Gill & Kapteyn (1896AnCap...3....1G 1896AnCap...3....1G),
Gill & Kapteyn (1897AnCap...4....1G 1897AnCap...4....1G),
Gill & Kapteyn (1900AnCap...5....1G 1900AnCap...5....1G),
Innes (1903AnCap...9....1I 1903AnCap...9....1I)
Wolf = Wolf (1919VeHei...7..195W 1919VeHei...7..195W),
Wolf (1919AN....209...11W 1919AN....209...11W),
Wolf (1919AN....209...91W 1919AN....209...91W),
Wolf (1919AN....209..159W 1919AN....209..159W),
Wolf (1919AN....209...62W 1919AN....209...62W),
Wolf (1920AN....210..293W 1920AN....210..293W),
Wolf (1920AN....210..327W 1920AN....210..327W),
Wolf (1920AN....210..387W 1920AN....210..387W),
Wolf (1920AN....211..223W 1920AN....211..223W),
Wolf (1920AN....212..167W 1920AN....212..167W),
Wolf (1920AN....212..303W 1920AN....212..303W),
Wolf (1921AN....212R.381W 1921AN....212R.381W),
Wolf (1921AN....212R.381W 1921AN....212R.381W),
Wolf (1921AN....213...31W 1921AN....213...31W),
Wolf (1921AN....213...15W 1921AN....213...15W),
Wolf (1921AN....214..135W 1921AN....214..135W),
Wolf (1921AN....214..261W 1921AN....214..261W),
Wolf (1922AN....215..357W 1922AN....215..357W),
Wolf (1923AN....218...81W 1923AN....218...81W),
Wolf (1923AN....219..185W 1923AN....219..185W),
Wolf (1926AN....228...55W 1926AN....228...55W),
Wolf (1924AN....221...15W 1924AN....221...15W),
Wolf (1924AN....221..157W 1924AN....221..157W),
Wolf (1924AN....221..221W 1924AN....221..221W),
Wolf (1923AN....220...95W 1923AN....220...95W),
Wolf (1924AN....222...15W 1924AN....222...15W),
Wolf (1924AN....222...47W 1924AN....222...47W),
Wolf (1924AN....222..253W 1924AN....222..253W),
Wolf & Reinmuth (1925AN....223..231W 1925AN....223..231W),
Wolf (1925AN....224..383W 1925AN....224..383W),
Wolf (1925AN....225R.215W 1925AN....225R.215W),
Wolf (1925AN....225R.215W 1925AN....225R.215W),
Wolf (1925AN....225..351W 1925AN....225..351W),
Wolf (1925AN....225..259W 1925AN....225..259W),
Wolf (1926AN....226..357W 1926AN....226..357W),
Wolf (1926AN....228..399W 1926AN....228..399W),
Wolf (1927AN....229..441W 1927AN....229..441W),
Wolf (1927AN....230..383W 1927AN....230..383W),
Wolf (1929AN....236..293W 1929AN....236..293W),
Wolf (1931AN....243..407W 1931AN....243..407W)
Ross = Ross (1925AJ.....36...96R 1925AJ.....36...96R),
Ross (1926AJ.....36..124R 1926AJ.....36..124R),
Ross (1926AJ.....36..172R 1926AJ.....36..172R),
Ross (1926AJ.....37...53R 1926AJ.....37...53R),
Ross (1927AJ.....37..193R 1927AJ.....37..193R),
Ross (1928AJ.....38..117R 1928AJ.....38..117R),
Ross (1929AJ.....39..140R 1929AJ.....39..140R),
Ross (1930AJ.....40...38R 1930AJ.....40...38R),
Ross (1931AJ.....41...88R 1931AJ.....41...88R),
Ross (1937AJ.....46..157R 1937AJ.....46..157R),
Ross (1939AJ.....48...10R 1939AJ.....48...10R),
Ross (1939AJ.....48..163R 1939AJ.....48..163R)
L = Luyten (1963bpms.book.....L 1963bpms.book.....L) (for which the "L" numbers
were obtained from the NLTT Catalogue);
LP = Luyten (1970PMMin..24....1L 1970PMMin..24....1L) (specifically, volumes 1-9,
11-17, and 23-24),
Luyten (1970PMMin..26....1L 1970PMMin..26....1L),
Luyten (1970c) Proper Motion Survey, University of
Minnesota, 27, 1. [NA],
Luyten & La Bonte (1971PMMin..28....1L 1971PMMin..28....1L),
Luyten (1972PMMin..30....1L 1972PMMin..30....1L),
Luyten (1972PMMin..31....1L 1972PMMin..31....1L),
Luyten & La Bonte (1972PMMin..32....1L 1972PMMin..32....1L),
Luyten (1972PMMin..33....1L 1972PMMin..33....1L),
Luyten (1973PMMin..34....1L 1973PMMin..34....1L),
Luyten (1973PMMin..35....1L 1973PMMin..35....1L),
Luyten (1974PMMin..36....1L 1974PMMin..36....1L),
Luyten (1974PMMin..37....1L 1974PMMin..37....1L),
Luyten (1975PMMin..40....1L 1975PMMin..40....1L),
Luyten (1975PMMin..42....1L 1975PMMin..42....1L),
Luyten & Kowal (1975PMMin..43....1L 1975PMMin..43....1L),
Luyten (1976PMMin..47....1L 1976PMMin..47....1L),
Luyten (1976PMMin..48....1L 1976PMMin..48....1L),
Luyten (1976PMMin..49....1L 1976PMMin..49....1L),
Luyten (1980PMMin..53....1L 1980PMMin..53....1L),
Luyten & Hughes (1980PMMin..55....1L 1980PMMin..55....1L),
Luyten et al. (1981PMMin..60....1L 1981PMMin..60....1L),
Luyten & Hughes (1982PMMIn..62....1L 1982PMMIn..62....1L),
Luyten & Hughes (1983PMMin..63....1L 1983PMMin..63....1L),
Luyten et al. (1985PMMin..65....1L 1985PMMin..65....1L),
Luyten et al. (1985PMMin..66....1L 1985PMMin..66....1L),
Luyten & Hughes (1985PMMin..67....1L 1985PMMin..67....1L),
Luyten & Hughes (1987PMMin..69....1L 1987PMMin..69....1L),
Luyten & Hughes (1987PMMin..70....1L 1987PMMin..70....1L)
G = Giclas et al. (1971lpms.book.....G 1971lpms.book.....G),
Giclas et al. (1978LowOB...8...89G 1978LowOB...8...89G)
LHS = Luyten (1979lccs.book.....L 1979lccs.book.....L)
LFT = Luyten (1955cefs.book.....L 1955cefs.book.....L)
NLTT = Luyten (1979nlcs.book.....L 1979nlcs.book.....L),
Luyten (1979nlcs.book.....L 1979nlcs.book.....L),
Luyten (1980nltt.bookQ....L 1980nltt.bookQ....L),
Luyten (1980nltt.bookQ....L 1980nltt.bookQ....L)
LTT = Luyten (1957cnes.book.....L 1957cnes.book.....L),
Luyten (1961csot.book.....L 1961csot.book.....L),
Luyten (1962lttc.book.....L 1962lttc.book.....L)
LSPM = Lepine & Shara (2005AJ....129.1483L 2005AJ....129.1483L)
SCR = Hambly et al. (2004AJ....128..437H 2004AJ....128..437H),
Henry et al. (2004AJ....128.2460H 2004AJ....128.2460H),
Subasavage et al. (2005AJ....129..413S 2005AJ....129..413S),
Subasavage et al. (2005AJ....130.1658S 2005AJ....130.1658S),
Finch et al. (2007AJ....133.2898F 2007AJ....133.2898F),
Winters et al. (2011AJ....141...21W 2011AJ....141...21W),
Boyd et al. (2011AJ....142...92B 2011AJ....142...92B)
UPM = Finch et al. (2010AJ....140..844F 2010AJ....140..844F),
Finch et al. (2012ApJ...745..118F 2012ApJ...745..118F)
APMPM = Gizis et al. (1997MNRAS.292L..41G 1997MNRAS.292L..41G),
Scholz et al. (1999A&A...345L..55S 1999A&A...345L..55S),
Schweitzer et al. (1999A&A...350L..62S 1999A&A...350L..62S),
Scholz et al. (2000A&A...353..958S 2000A&A...353..958S),
Reyle et al. (2002A&A...390..491R 2002A&A...390..491R)
LEHPM = Pokorny et al. (2003A&A...397..575P 2003A&A...397..575P),
Pokorny et al. (2004A&A...421..763P 2004A&A...421..763P)
WT = Wroblewski & Torres (1989A&AS...78..231W 1989A&AS...78..231W),
Wroblewski & Torres (1991A&AS...91..129W 1991A&AS...91..129W),
Wroblewski & Torres (1994A&AS..108..251W 1994A&AS..108..251W),
Wroblewski & Torres (1996A&AS..115..481W 1996A&AS..115..481W),
Wroblewski & Torres (1997A&AS..122..447W 1997A&AS..122..447W),
Wroblewski & Costa (1999A&AS..139...25W 1999A&AS..139...25W),
Wroblewski & Costa (2001A&A...367..725W 2001A&A...367..725W)
SIPS = Deacon et al. (2005A&A...435..363D 2005A&A...435..363D),
Deacon & Hambly (2007A&A...468..163D 2007A&A...468..163D)
PM = Eggen (1979ApJS...39...89E 1979ApJS...39...89E),
Eggen (1980ApJS...43..457E 1980ApJS...43..457E)
PM J = Lepine (2005AJ....130.1247L 2005AJ....130.1247L),
Lepine (2008AJ....135.2177L 2008AJ....135.2177L),
Schlieder et al. (2010AJ....140..119S 2010AJ....140..119S),
Lepine & Gaidos (2011AJ....142..138L 2011AJ....142..138L),
Schlieder et al. (2012AJ....143...80S 2012AJ....143...80S),
Lepine et al. (2013AJ....145..102L 2013AJ....145..102L)
WD = McCook & Sion (1999ApJS..121....1M 1999ApJS..121....1M)
LAWD = Luyten (1949ApJ...109..528L 1949ApJ...109..528L)
EGGR = Eggen & Greenstein (1965ApJ...141...83E 1965ApJ...141...83E),
Eggen & Greenstein (1965ApJ...142..925E 1965ApJ...142..925E),
Eggen & Greenstein (1967ApJ...150..927E 1967ApJ...150..927E),
Greenstein (1969ApJ...158..281G 1969ApJ...158..281G),
Greenstein (1970ApJ...162L..55G 1970ApJ...162L..55G),
Greenstein (1974ApJ...189L.131G 1974ApJ...189L.131G),
Greenstein (1975ApJ...196L.117G 1975ApJ...196L.117G),
Greenstein (1976ApJ...207L.119G 1976ApJ...207L.119G),
Greenstein et al. (1977ApJ...218L..21G 1977ApJ...218L..21G),
Greenstein (1979ApJ...227..244G 1979ApJ...227..244G),
Greenstein (1980ApJ...242..738G 1980ApJ...242..738G),
Greenstein (1984ApJ...276..602G 1984ApJ...276..602G)
2MASS = Cutri et al. (2003tmc..book.....C 2003tmc..book.....C)
WISE = Cutri et al. (2012wise.rept....1C),
Cutri et al. (2013wise.rept....1C),
Eisenhardt et al. (2020ApJS..247...69E 2020ApJS..247...69E),
Marocco et al. (2021ApJS..253....8M 2021ApJS..253....8M)
Gaia = Gaia Collaboration et al. (2018A&A...616A...1G 2018A&A...616A...1G),
Gaia Collaboration et al. (2021A&A...649A...1G 2021A&A...649A...1G)
HIC = Turon et al. (1993BICDS..43....5T 1993BICDS..43....5T)
HIP = ESA (1997ESASP1200.....E 1997ESASP1200.....E),
van Leeuwen (2007A&A...474..653V 2007A&A...474..653V)
TYC = Hog et al. (2000A&A...355L..27H 2000A&A...355L..27H)
UCAC4 = Zacharias et al. (2013AJ....145...44Z 2013AJ....145...44Z)
TIC = Stassun et al. (2019AJ....158..138S 2019AJ....158..138S)
GJ = Gliese (1969VeARI..22....1G 1969VeARI..22....1G),
Woolley et al. (1970ROAn....5.....W 1970ROAn....5.....W),
Gliese & Jahreiss (1979A&AS...38..423G 1979A&AS...38..423G)
V* = Samus et al. (2004yCat.2250....0S 2004yCat.2250....0S)
Karmn = Alonso-Floriano et al. (2015A&A...577A.128A 2015A&A...577A.128A),
Cortes-Contreras et al. (2017A&A...597A..47C 2017A&A...597A..47C)
** = This designation is unique to SIMBAD
Note (3): Reference for photometry is a five-character code
referring to the source of the JMKO, J2MASS, H, KMKO, and Ks2MASS
magnitudes, respectively, with these characters as the individual
codes as:
2 = 2MASS (Skrutskie et al. 2006AJ....131.1163S 2006AJ....131.1163S)
a = Meisner et al. (2020ApJ...889...74M 2020ApJ...889...74M)
A = Meisner et al. (2020ApJ...899..123M 2020ApJ...899..123M)
b = Bardalez Gagliuffi et al. (2020ApJ...895..145B 2020ApJ...895..145B) for which the
HST F125W magnitude limit for WISE 0830+2837 is used as its value
for JMKO;
B = Bigelow/2MASS from Kirkpatrick et al. (2021ApJS..253....7K 2021ApJS..253....7K)
c = Boccaletti et al. (2003A&A...410..283B 2003A&A...410..283B)
D = Database of Ultracool Parallaxes as of 2020 April:
Dupuy & Liu (2012ApJS..201...19D 2012ApJS..201...19D] and
Dupuy & Kraus (2013Sci...341.1492D 2013Sci...341.1492D) and Liu+ (2016ApJ...833...96L 2016ApJ...833...96L)
e = Martin et al. (2018ApJ...867..109M 2018ApJ...867..109M)
E = McElwain & Burgasser (2006AJ....132.2074M 2006AJ....132.2074M)
f = Faherty et al. (2012ApJ...752...56F 2012ApJ...752...56F)
F = Freed et al. (2003ApJ...584..453F 2003ApJ...584..453F)
g = Mamajek et al. (2018RNAAS...2..205M 2018RNAAS...2..205M)
G = Gemini-South/FLAMINGOS2 from Kirkpatrick et al. (2021ApJS..253....7K 2021ApJS..253....7K)
h = Pinfield et al. (2014MNRAS.444.1931P 2014MNRAS.444.1931P)
H = Pinfield et al. (2014MNRAS.437.1009P 2014MNRAS.437.1009P)
i = Ireland et al. (2008ApJ...678..463I 2008ApJ...678..463I)
I = Dupuy et al. (2019AJ....158..174D 2019AJ....158..174D)
j = Janson et al. (2011ApJ...728...85J 2011ApJ...728...85J)
J = Faherty et al. (2014ApJ...793L..16F 2014ApJ...793L..16F)
k = Kirkpatrick et al. (2019ApJS..240...19K 2019ApJS..240...19K)
K = Kirkpatrick et al. (2011ApJS..197...19K 2011ApJS..197...19K)
m = Mace et al. (2013ApJS..205....6M 2013ApJS..205....6M)
M = Magellan/PANIC from Kirkpatrick et al. (2021ApJS..253....7K 2021ApJS..253....7K)
p = PAIRITEL from Kirkpatrick et al. (2021ApJS..253....7K 2021ApJS..253....7K)
P = Palomar/WIRC from Kirkpatrick et al. (2021ApJS..253....7K 2021ApJS..253....7K)
Q = Deacon et al. (2017MNRAS.468.3499D 2017MNRAS.468.3499D)
r = Deacon et al. (2012ApJ...755...94D 2012ApJ...755...94D)
s = Schneider et al. (2015ApJ...804...92S 2015ApJ...804...92S)
S = SOAR/OSIRIS from Kirkpatrick et al. (2021ApJS..253....7K 2021ApJS..253....7K)
t = Tinney et al. (2014ApJ...796...39T 2014ApJ...796...39T)
T = Thompson et al. (2013PASP..125..809T 2013PASP..125..809T)
u = ULAS or UGPS or UGCS (Lawrence et al. 2007MNRAS.379.1599L 2007MNRAS.379.1599L)
U = UHS (Dye et al. 2018MNRAS.473.5113D 2018MNRAS.473.5113D)
v = VVV (Minniti et al. 2010NewA...15..433M 2010NewA...15..433M)
V = VHS (McMahon et al. 2013Msngr.154...35M 2013Msngr.154...35M)
w = Wright et al. (2013AJ....145...84W 2013AJ....145...84W)
W = Best et al. (2020AJ....159..257B 2020AJ....159..257B)
x = see Table 2 in this paper,
z = Meisner et al. (2023AJ....165...36M 2023AJ....165...36M)
Z = Schapera et al. (2022RNAAS...6..189S 2022RNAAS...6..189S)
Note (4): References for WISE photometry as a four-bit string where each
bit is defined as follows:
A = AllWISE Source Catalog;
a = AllWISE Reject Table;
C = CatWISE2020;
c = CatWISE2020 Reject Table;
W = WISE All-sky Source Catalog;
- = No data.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: notes4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 85 A85 --- Name Default name(s) in SIMBAD, ampersand delimited
for systems, See Section 3.6.4 for component
formalism
87 I1 --- NcTR [1/6] Number of known components for this row
89- 90 I2 h RAh Hour of right ascension, usually from SIMBAD
(J2000)
92- 93 I2 min RAm Minute of right ascension, usually from SIMBAD
(J2000)
95- 107 F13.10 s RAs Second of right ascension, usually from SIMBAD
(J2000)
109 A1 --- DE- Sign of declination, usually from SIMBAD (J2000)
110- 111 I2 deg DEd Degree of declination, usually from SIMBAD
(J2000)
113- 114 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of declination, usually from SIMBAD
(J2000)
116- 127 F12.9 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of declination, usually from SIMBAD
(J2000)
129-1191 A1063 --- Note Special notes on this system/component
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 h RAh [0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
4- 5 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
7- 11 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
13- 13 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination, CNS5 (J2000)
14- 15 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
17- 18 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
20- 23 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
25- 33 A9 --- Name Name
35- 40 A6 --- SpT Spectral Type
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 h RAh [0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
4- 5 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
7- 11 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
13- 13 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
14- 15 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
17- 18 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
20- 23 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
25- 41 A17 --- Name Name
43- 55 A13 --- SpT Spectral Type (1)
57- 65 F9.2 --- chi2 [15.46/192800] χ2 value
67- 72 F6.4 Msun Mest-3au [0.001/0.4]? Companion mass estimated
at 3au (2)
74- 79 F6.4 Msun Mest-30au [0.005/1.98]? Companion mass estimated
at 30au (2)
81- 98 A18 --- Note Notes on sources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Some optical spectral types for late-K and M dwarfs include
information about chromospheric activity. An "e" generally
indicates that Hα emission is present. Other values include
"(k)" for slight emission reversals or infilling of the CaII H and
K lines, "k" for emission reversals in CaII H and K that do not
rise to the level of the local continuum, "ke" for such emission
that rises above the local continuum level, and "kee" for strong
emission in CaII H and K along with Hβ and possibly Hγ
and Hδ (Gray+ 2003AJ....126.2048G 2003AJ....126.2048G). Because
chromospheric activity is variable, these emission-line
classification suffixes pertain only to the epoch of spectroscopic
observation.
Note (2): Kervella et al. (2022A&A...657A...7K 2022A&A...657A...7K) companion mass
estimates at 3 and 30 au.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 h RAh [0/22] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
4- 5 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
7- 11 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
13- 13 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
14- 15 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
17- 18 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
20- 23 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
25- 39 A15 --- Name Name
41- 50 A10 --- SpT Spectral Type
52- 58 F7.2 --- chi2 [14.83/2456] χ2 value
60- 65 F6.4 Msun Mest-3au [0.0001/0.02]? Companion mass estimated
at 3au (1)
67- 72 F6.4 Msun Mest-30au [0.0007/0.06]? Companion mass estimated
at 30au (1)
74- 74 I1 --- Np [1/3] Number, exoplanets
76- 79 I4 au Sep [70/7110]? Distance to Known Stellar companion
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Kervella et al. (2022A&A...657A...7K 2022A&A...657A...7K) companion mass
estimates at 3 and 30au.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table8.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 h RAh [0/23] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
4- 5 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
7- 11 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
13- 13 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
14- 15 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
17- 18 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
20- 23 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
25- 38 A14 --- Name Name
40- 57 A18 --- SpT Spectral Type
59- 67 F9.2 --- chi2 [14.4/172300] χ2 value
69- 74 F6.4 Msun Mest-3au [0/0.2]? Companion mass estimated at 3au (1)
76- 81 F6.4 Msun Mest-30au [0.0005/1]? Companion mass estimated
at 30au (1)
83- 83 I1 --- Ncomp [1/5] Number of components in system
85- 88 I4 au Sep [10/7225]? Separation to next known member
90-115 A26 --- Note Note(s) (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): For G 250-34, a single epoch of Keck/NIRC2 data is available
in the Keck Observatory Archive. The Ks- and H-band observations
taken on 22 Jan 2021 (UT; PI: Crepp; Program ID: D313) show an
object 0.22 arcseconds from G 250-34 at a position angle of 328deg
and Δ{Ks} = 2.9 mag. No other high-resolution observations
were found in other archives to help confirm or refute this
possible companion.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 2 I2 h RAh [1/22] Hour of Right Ascension (J2000)
4- 5 I2 min RAm Minute of Right Ascension (J2000)
7- 11 F5.2 s RAs Second of Right Ascension (J2000)
13- 13 A1 --- DE- Sign of the Declination (J2000)
14- 15 I2 deg DEd Degree of Declination (J2000)
17- 18 I2 arcmin DEm Arcminute of Declination (J2000)
20- 23 F4.1 arcsec DEs Arcsecond of Declination (J2000)
25- 47 A23 --- Name Name
49- 49 A1 --- Flag Flag indicating this object also in accelerator
list, Table 8
51- 51 A1 --- Note Note (1)
53- 60 A8 --- SpT Spectral Type (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Notes on sources as follows:
1 = 0146-5339: This is the 35.9'-distant companion to the F9 dwarf
q01 Eri;
2 = 0749-0320: This is the 3.9'-distant companion to the M3.5
binary PM J07498-0317 AB;
3 = 1002+1459: This object also has a 15.6"-distant companion,
WISEU J100241.49+145914.9, announced in this paper (Section 2.2);
4 = 1145-2021: This is a physical system with the M5e star LP
793-34, 15.2" distant;
5 = 1417+4525: This is the 59.2"-distant companion of the M0 star
BD+46 1951;
6 = 1428+0518: This is a physical system with the M4 star G 65-54,
1.0' distant;
7 = 1843-3322: This is a physical system with the M6 star CE 507,
15.0" distant;
8 = 1936+5013: This is the 1.9'-distant companion to the F3+ dwarf
θ Cyg, which is listed amongst the accelerators in Table 8;
9 = 2217-0848: This is a physical system with the M5 dwarf binary
Wolf 1561 BaBb, 7.9" distant.
Note (2): Spectral types are taken from Table 4. All are optical types
except for LP 440-17, which is a near-infrared type.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table10.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 24 A24 --- Name Name
26- 34 A9 --- SName Approximate J2000 Coordinates used as a
short name throughout text
36- 48 A13 --- WDName White dwarf designations (1)
50 A1 --- l_Mass Limit flag on Mass
52- 56 F5.3 Msun Mass [0.24/1.24]? Final Mass
58- 62 F5.3 Msun e_Mass [0/0.3]? Uncertainty in Mass
64 A1 --- f_Mass E=Quoted mass estimate assumes the system
is a single white dwarf
66- 76 A11 --- Method Final Mass Method (2)
78- 79 A2 --- n_Mass References for Final Mass (3)
81 A1 --- l_Mass0-C18 Limit flag on Mass0-C18
83- 85 F3.1 Msun Mass0-C18 [0.9/7.2]? Initial Mass, Cummings et al.
initial-to-final mass relation (4)
87- 89 F3.1 Msun e_Mass0-C18 [0.4/3.0]? Uncertainty in Mass0-C18
91 A1 --- l_Mass0-EB18 Limit flag on Mass0-EB18
93- 95 F3.1 Msun Mass0-EB18 [1/7.2]? Initial Mass, El-Badry et al.
initial-to-final mass relation (5)
97- 99 F3.1 Msun e_Mass0-EB18 [0.1/0.4]? Uncertainty in Mass0-EB18
101 A1 --- l_Mass0-Adopt Limit flag on Mass0-Adopt
103- 105 F3.1 Msun Mass0-Adopt [1/7.2]? Adopted Initial Mass (6)
107- 109 F3.1 Msun e_Mass0-Adopt [0.1/3]? Uncertainty in Mass0-Adopt
111- 120 A10 --- Method0 Initial Mass Method (7)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): White dwarf designations from McCook & Sion (2016, B/wd).
Those in parentheses are "WD" designations found in SIMBAD but not in
McCook & Sion (2016).
Note (2): Codes for final mass methods as follows:
Accel = dynamical acceleration (direct mass measurement);
Astero = asteroseismology (direct mass measurement);
GravRed = gravitational redshift (direct mass measurement);
Lensing = gravitational lensing (direct mass measurement);
Orbit = dynamical orbital analysis (direct mass measurement);
Dyn+mag = partial dynamical orbital analysis and absolute magnitude
(mass estimate);
Dyn+mod = partial dynamical orbital analysis used along with
modeling (mass estimate);
Gaia H-atm = Gaia-centric hydrogen-atmosphere solution (mass estimate);
Gaia H-atm* = assumes a Gaia-centric hydrogen-atmosphere solution
even though no spectrum is available (mass estimate);
Gaia He-atm = Gaia-centric helium-atmosphere solution (mass estimate);
Phot = uses fit to the spectral energy distribution (mass estimate);
Spec = uses fit to the spectrum (mass estimate).
Note (3): References for final mass measurements and estimates as follows:
1 = Giammichele et al. (2012ApJS..199...29G 2012ApJS..199...29G)
2 = Limoges et al. (2015ApJS..219...19L 2015ApJS..219...19L)
3 = Gianninas et al. (2011ApJ...743..138G 2011ApJ...743..138G)
4 = Maxted et al. (2002MNRAS.332..745M 2002MNRAS.332..745M)
5 = Silvestri et al. (2001AJ....121..503S 2001AJ....121..503S)
6 = Brandt et al. (2019AJ....158..140B 2019AJ....158..140B)
7 = Bedard et al. (2017ApJ...848...11B 2017ApJ...848...11B)
8 = Gentile Fusillo et al. (2021MNRAS.508.3877G 2021MNRAS.508.3877G)
9 = Mason et al. (2017AJ....154..200M 2017AJ....154..200M)
10 = Sahu et al. (2017Sci...356.1046S 2017Sci...356.1046S)
11 = Joyce et al. (2018MNRAS.481.2361J 2018MNRAS.481.2361J)
12 = Gentile Fusillo et al. (2019MNRAS.482.4570G 2019MNRAS.482.4570G)
13 = Liebert et al. (2013ApJ...769....7L 2013ApJ...769....7L)
14 = Romero et al. (2013ApJ...779...58R 2013ApJ...779...58R)
15 = Romero et al. (2012MNRAS.420.1462R 2012MNRAS.420.1462R)
16 = Mace et al. (2018ApJ...854..145M 2018ApJ...854..145M)
17 = Hermes et al. (2014ApJ...789...85H 2014ApJ...789...85H)
18 = Baroch et al. (2021A&A...653A..49B 2021A&A...653A..49B)
19 = Zhuchkov et al. (2012ARep...56..512Z 2012ARep...56..512Z)
20 = Ramm et al. (2021MNRAS.502.2793R 2021MNRAS.502.2793R)
21 = Winters et al. (2020AJ....159..290W 2020AJ....159..290W)
22 = Delfosse et al. (1999A&A...344..897D 1999A&A...344..897D)
23 = Blouin et al. (2019ApJ...878...63B 2019ApJ...878...63B)
Note (4): The initial mass derived using the initial-to-final mass
relation of Cummings et al. (2018ApJ...866...21C 2018ApJ...866...21C).
Uncertainties are derived by propagating the listed uncertainty for
the final mass and the uncertainties listed for the coefficients of
the initial-to-final mass relations in equations 4-6 of
Cummings+ (2018ApJ...866...21C 2018ApJ...866...21C).
Note (5): The initial mass derived using the initial-to-final mass
relation of El-Badry et al. (2018ApJ...860L..17E 2018ApJ...860L..17E). One-sigma
uncertainties are chosen to match the initial mass 95.4% (2-sigma)
envelope shown in figure 3 of El-Badry+ (2018ApJ...860L..17E 2018ApJ...860L..17E).
Note (6): This is our adopted initial mass. When both a
Cummings+ (2018ApJ...866...21C 2018ApJ...866...21C) estimate and
an El-Badry+ (2018ApJ...860L..17E 2018ApJ...860L..17E) estimate are available, this
adopted mass in the unweighted average of those two.
Note (7): Method for estimating the initial mass as follows:
IFMR = initial-to-final-mass relation;
Low = arbitrary assignment for low final masses 0.45≤M<0.56Msun;
Ultra-low = special assignment for ultra-low final masses M<0.45Msun
(see text for details);
Conjecture = case-by-case handling (see text for details).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table11.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 A15 --- Name Name
17- 17 A1 --- fLum Flag on Luminosity Class (1)
19- 27 A9 --- SName Approximate J2000 Coordinates used as a short
name throughout text
29- 44 A16 --- SpT Spectral type; see Table 4 for references
48- 52 F5.3 Msun Mass [0.7/3] Mass
54- 58 F5.3 Msun e_Mass [0.002/0.3]? Lower or symmetric uncertainty
on Mass
60- 63 F4.2 Msun E_Mass [0.1/0.2]? Upper uncertainty on Mass
65- 65 A1 --- f_Mass Flag on Mass (3)
67- 68 I2 --- n_Mass [1/31] Reference for Mass (2)
70-128 A59 --- Method Method for Mass determination
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flags on Luminosity Class as follows:
c = Luminosity class II suggests a more evolved state for this star
than its placement on the HR diagram -- subgiant or giant --
attests. The cause for this "anomalous luminosity effect" is
unknown but is a feature of the ρ Puppis class of
pulsators (Gray & Corbally (2009ssc..book.....G 2009ssc..book.....G).
d = Fuhrmann (2008MNRAS.384..173F 2008MNRAS.384..173F) believes this object is
young, not evolved.
f = Some references classify this object as G4 V-IV (e.g.,
Strassmeier+ (2018A&A...612A..45S 2018A&A...612A..45S), and its
placement just above the main sequence indicates that it may
just be moving into a later stage of evolution.
Note (2): References for the mass measurements and estimates as follows:
1 = Abt (2017PASP..129d4201A 2017PASP..129d4201A)
2 = Affer et al. (2005A&A...433..647A 2005A&A...433..647A)
3 = Allende Prieto & Lambert (1999A&A...352..555A 1999A&A...352..555A)
4 = Andrade (2019A&A...630A..96A 2019A&A...630A..96A)
5 = Mugrauer et al. (2022AN....34324014M 2022AN....34324014M)
6 = Batten & Fletcher (1992JRASC..86...99B 1992JRASC..86...99B)
7 = Brewer et al. (2016ApJS..225...32B 2016ApJS..225...32B)
8 = Bruntt et al. (2010MNRAS.405.1907B 2010MNRAS.405.1907B)
9 = Che et al. (2011ApJ...732...68C 2011ApJ...732...68C)
10 = Cvetkovic & Ninkovic (2010SerAJ.180...71C 2010SerAJ.180...71C)
11 = David & Hillenbrand (2015ApJ...804..146D 2015ApJ...804..146D)
12 = D'Orazi et al. (2017A&A...598A..19D 2017A&A...598A..19D)
13 = Fuhrmann & Chini (2012ApJS..203...30F 2012ApJS..203...30F)
14 = Fuhrmann et al. (2011MNRAS.411.2311F 2011MNRAS.411.2311F)
15 = Fuhrmann (2008MNRAS.384..173F 2008MNRAS.384..173F)
16 = Hatzes et al. (2012A&A...543A..98H 2012A&A...543A..98H)
17 = Gardner et al. (2021ApJ...921...41G 2021ApJ...921...41G)
18 = Kallinger et al. (2019A&A...624A..35K 2019A&A...624A..35K)
19 = Kallinger et al. (2010A&A...509A..77K 2010A&A...509A..77K)
20 = Katoh et al. (2013AJ....145...41K 2013AJ....145...41K)
21 = Li et al. (2019MNRAS.483..780L 2019MNRAS.483..780L)
22 = Nielsen et al. (2019AJ....158...13N 2019AJ....158...13N)
23 = Boyajian et al. (2012ApJ...746..101B 2012ApJ...746..101B)
24 = Ramm et al. (2021MNRAS.502.2793R 2021MNRAS.502.2793R)
25 = Takeda et al. (2007ApJS..168..297T 2007ApJS..168..297T)
26 = Tokovinin (2008MNRAS.389..925T 2008MNRAS.389..925T)
27 = Torres et al. (2015ApJ...807...26T 2015ApJ...807...26T)
28 = von Braun et al. (2011ApJ...740...49V 2011ApJ...740...49V)
29 = Fekel et al. (2017AJ....154..120F 2017AJ....154..120F)
30 = Akeson et al. (2021AJ....162...14A 2021AJ....162...14A)
31 = Stassun et al. (2017AJ....153..136S 2017AJ....153..136S)
Note (3): Flags on Mass as follows:
e = Fekel et al. (2017AJ....154..120F 2017AJ....154..120F) calculates minimum
masses (Msin3i) from orbital dynamics of 0.8463±0.0014Msun
for HD 188088 A and 0.8316±0.014Msun for HD 188088 B.
These authors believe that both components are normal K dwarfs,
the subgiant classification likely resulting from the slight
metal richness of these stars. Given that these minimum masses
are close to the mass expected for this dwarf class, the
inclination is suspected of being near 90deg despite the lack
of eclipses in the system.
g = Evolutionary models suggest a mass of 1.08±0.06Msun,
toward the upper end of the range deduced from
asteroseismology, and a relatively old age of 7.1 (+1.5, -1.2)Gyr
(Ramirez & Allende Prieto 2011ApJ...743..135R 2011ApJ...743..135R).
(An object with a mass of ∼0.90Msun has a main sequence
lifetime exceeding a Hubble time and will not yet have evolved
to a giant state; see section 1.7 of
Hansen & Kawaler (1994sipp.book.....H 1994sipp.book.....H).
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table12.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 A3 --- Change Change from Kirkpatrick+ (2021, J/ApJS/253/7)
("Add" or "Sub")
5- 39 A35 --- Name Name
41- 65 A25 --- Reason Reason for Change
67-110 A44 --- Ref Reference for Reason, ADS bibcode or this paper
112-115 I4 K Teff [325/2207] Effective temperature (1)
117-119 I3 K e_Teff [79/333] Uncertainty in Teff (1)
121-121 A1 --- f_Teff Flag on Teff (2)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): For the new additions, temperature values with uncertainties
of ±88K were determined via the MH vs. Teff relation in Table 13
of Kirkpatrick+ (2021ApJS..253....7K 2021ApJS..253....7K) and those
with uncertainties of ±134K or ±79K were determined with the
(assumed) spectral type vs. Teff relations in the same table,
unless otherwise noted. For subtractions, the temperature values
are taken from table 11 of Kirkpatrick+ (2021, J/ApJS/253/7).
Note (2): Flags on Teff as follows:
b = No information is yet available on this companion, so the
temperature estimate is set to cover the spectral type range
from late-L to mid-T;
c = Temperature estimate is taken from Calissendorff+ (2023ApJ...947L..30C 2023ApJ...947L..30C),
although the uncertainty has been inflated to match the typical
uncertainties in Kirkpatrick+ (2021, J/ApJS/253/7);
d = No information is yet available on this companion, so the
temperature estimate is set to cover the spectral type range
from early-T to mid-T;
e = No information is yet available on this companion, so the
temperature estimate is set to cover the spectral type range
from mid-L to early-T;
f = Little information is available on this companion, so the
temperature estimate is set to cover the spectral type range
from mid-L to mid-T;
g = Temperature estimate is taken from Lodieu+ (2022A&A...663A..84L 2022A&A...663A..84L);
h = Winters et al. (2018AJ....155..125W 2018AJ....155..125W) conclude this is
likely an early-L dwarf, so we set the temperature to cover the
typical range for L0 to L4 dwarfs;
i = We assume a huge temperature range to encompass the full
substellar regime, as Silverstein+ (2022AJ....163..151S 2022AJ....163..151S) is able
to provide only limited constraints on this companion;
j = The ΔI magnitude from Cortes-Contreras+ (2017A&A...597A..47C 2017A&A...597A..47C)
suggests a mid-L dwarf, so we estimate a temperature corresponding
to this range;
k = We assume a huge temperature range to encompass the full
substellar regime, as Winters+ (2020AJ....159..290W 2020AJ....159..290W) is able to provide
only an minimum mass of ∼44MJup for this companion;
l = We use the Δi' magnitude listed in Bergfors+ (2010A&A...520A..54B 2010A&A...520A..54B)
to estimate a type of L1, which we use for the temperature estimation;
m = We assume a huge temperature range to encompass the full
substellar regime, as this object is only known as a likely
brown dwarf (Vrijmoet et al. 2022AJ....163..178V 2022AJ....163..178V);
n = The MG value derived from Gaia DR3 data suggests an early-T
dwarf, and we assign a temperature appropriate for late-L
through mid-T given that no spectrum yet exists;
p = We base our temperature estimate on the estimated L1 type we
derive in Table 4.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table13.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 34 A34 --- Objects Objects in System
36- 36 A1 --- f_Objects Flag on Objects (1)
38- 46 A9 --- SName Approximate J2000 Coordinates used as
a short name throughout text
48- 69 A22 --- SpT Spectral Type (2)
71- 80 A10 --- Group Group Membership
82- 82 A1 --- f_Group Flag on Group (3)
84- 92 A9 --- Likelihood Likelihood (4)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flags on Objects as follows:
c = On the GBP-GRP vs. MG and G-J vs. MG diagrams of
Figure 5, this M4.5 dwarf appears to be ∼1.5mag above the
locus of other objects of the same color despite having a Gaia
DR3 RUWE value of 1.114. This could alternatively be
interpreted as this object's being ∼0.5mag redder than the
bulk of objects of similar absolute magnitude. In colors not
involving Gaia magnitudes, no discrepancy is seen; this object
falls at an M dwarf spectral type where many of these other
colors (J-Ks, J-W2, W1-W2) are degenerate with spectral type
over a large range, so such a discrepancy may not be
noticeable. Malo+ (2014ApJ...788...81M 2014ApJ...788...81M) and
Ujjwal+ (2020AJ....159..166U 2020AJ....159..166U) identify this as a
possible member of the Argus Association, so these
discrepancies may be related to a young, active chromosphere.
Note (2): References for spectral type are listed in Table 4 along with
information on whether the types are based on optical or
near-infrared data. Spectral types in brackets are estimates based
on the absolute G-band magnitude.
Note (3): Flags on Groups as follows:
d = Also identified as a member of the 500-Myr old Oceanus Group
(Gagne+ 2023ApJ...945..119G 2023ApJ...945..119G);
e = The possible β Pic Moving Group association for
α Cir A is listed for both components, as the "high" likelihood
Greater Scorpius-Centaurus association for α Cir B is
highly suspect.
Note (4): Our Likelihood codes translate to the following codes in the
"moca_mtid" column in Table "mocamembershiptypes" of the MOCA
database. Our codes as follows:
confirmed = BF (bona fide member);
high = HM (high-likelihood candidate member);
possible = CM (candidate member);
Objects with MOCA codes of "LM" (low-likelihood candidate member),
"AM" (ambiguous candidate member), and
"R" (rejected candidate member) were ignored.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table14.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 25 A25 --- Name Name
27- 27 A1 --- f_Name Flag on Name (1)
29- 37 A9 --- SName Approximate J2000 Coordinates used as a short
name throughout text
39- 63 A25 --- SpT Spectral Type (2)
65- 71 F7.2 km.s-1 RVel [-414.1/245.1]? Radial Velocity
73- 77 F5.2 km.s-1 e_RVel [0.12/33]? Uncertainty in RVel
79- 79 A1 --- f_RVel Flag on RVel (3)
81- 81 A1 --- n_RVel Reference for RVel (4)
83- 95 A13 --- KGroup Kinematic Group
97- 97 A1 --- f_KGroup Flag on KGroup (5)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flags on individual sources as follows:
b = These two objects form a common-proper-motion pair;
c = This object does not yet have spectroscopic observations, so
its status as a subdwarf is assumed based on its location on
color-magnitude diagrams;
d = This is the companion to HD 126053, which is typed as a G1.5V;
e = This is the wide companion in the ξ Ursae Majoris quintuple
system, the primary of which is generally typed as M1 V.
f = Also known as The Accident, this object does not yet have
spectroscopic observations because it is too faint for
ground-based spectroscopy. Its status as a subdwarf is assumed
based on its highly unusual location on color-magnitude and
color-color diagrams. See Kirkpatrick+ (2021ApJ...915L...6K 2021ApJ...915L...6K) for details.
Note (2): References for spectral type are listed in Table 4 along with
information on whether the types are based on optical or
near-infrared data. Spectral types sometimes encode information
about metallicity. For the coldest objects, this is generally done
via a prefix such as sd (subdwarf), esd (extreme subdwarf), or usd
(ultra subdwarf), with variations such as d/sd (indicating a
spectral morphology intermediate between a normal, solar
metallicity dwarf and a subdwarf) also possible (figure 11 of
Kirkpatrick 2005ARA&A..43..195K 2005ARA&A..43..195K). For hotter stars, the
metallicity is included in one of two ways. A suffix type such as
"mF1" for an F4 V star would indicate that the metal lines better
match that of an F1 standard, despite the fact that the hydrogen
line morphology matches the F4 standard. An alternative way of
expressing this is to subtract the metal-line best-match subtype
from the H-line best-match subtype and to convert that to a metal
index; for example, if the iron lines best matched an F1 dwarf
although the hydrogen lines best matched a F9 dwarf (Δ=+8
subtypes), the metallicity index for iron would be expressed as
Fe=-0.13Δ-0.26, or more compactly as Fe-1.3. See chapter 6
of Gray & Corbally (2009ssc..book.....G 2009ssc..book.....G) for more details.
Note (3):
g = The space motion of the primary in this system is used in
lieu of an independent measurement for this object.
Note (4): The references for radial velocity are as follows:
1 = Gaia Collaboration et al. (2018A&A...616A...1G 2018A&A...616A...1G)
2 = Fouque et al. (2018MNRAS.475.1960F 2018MNRAS.475.1960F)
3 = Gaia Collaboration et al. (2023A&A...674A...1G 2023A&A...674A...1G)
4 = Holmberg et al. (2007A&A...475..519H 2007A&A...475..519H)
5 = Pourbaix et al. (2004A&A...424..727P 2004A&A...424..727P)
6 = Maldonado et al. (2010A&A...521A..12M 2010A&A...521A..12M)
7 = Abazajian et al. (2009ApJS..182..543A 2009ApJS..182..543A)
8 = Gizis (1997AJ....113..806G 1997AJ....113..806G)
Note (5): Flags on Kinematic Groups as follows:
h = These objects are flagged by our analysis as belonging to the halo
population, but their Gaia DR3 radial velocities are believed to be
erroneous. For EGGR 290, the radial velocity measurement is likely
incorrect due to the fact that this is a magnetic white dwarf and the
fact that the Gaia DR3 radial velocity pipeline lacks white dwarf
templates (Bailer-Jones 2022ApJ...935L...9B 2022ApJ...935L...9B). For UPM J0812-3529, its
status as a DC white dwarf (O'Brien+ 2023MNRAS.518.3055O 2023MNRAS.518.3055O) means that
there should not be any lines in the optical spectrum with which Gaia
could measure a radial velocity, but this suspicious radial velocity
measurement has nonetheless created much discussion regarding the
object's possible close (future) fly-by of the Sun
(Bobylev & Bajkova 2022AstL...48..542B 2022AstL...48..542B),
de la Fuente Marcos & de la Fuente Marcos (2022A&A...668A..14D 2022A&A...668A..14D],
Bailer-Jones (2022ApJ...935L...9B 2022ApJ...935L...9B]). For G 188-48 B, the Gaia DR3 radial
velocity is assumed to be spurious because the A component has a much more
reasonable --and better measured-- value of 20.06±0.14km/s.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table15.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 17 A17 --- Name Name (or object, including the Sun)
19- 27 A9 --- SName Approximate J2000 Coordinates used as a short
name throughout text
29- 29 I1 --- Np [1/8]? Number of Planets
31- 31 A1 --- f_Np Flag on Np (1)
33- 54 A22 --- Note Note (2)
56- 56 A1 --- f_Note Flags on Note (3)
58- 64 F7.5 Mjup Mpsini [0.003/7.5]? Minimum mass of planet
66- 72 F7.5 Mjup E_Mpsini [0.0006/0.1]? Upper uncertainty on Mpsini
74- 80 F7.5 Mjup e_Mpsini [0.00019/0.5]? Lower or symmetric uncertainty
on Mpsini
82- 89 F8.5 Mjup Mp [0.0017/13.5]? Mass of planet
91- 97 F7.5 Mjup E_Mp [0.0003/1.6]? Upper uncertainty on Mp
99-105 F7.5 Mjup e_Mp [0.0002/1.3]? Lower or symmetric uncertainty
on Mp
107-108 A2 --- r_Mp ? Reference for Mp (see refs.dat file)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flags on number of planets as follows:
b = The "b" planet is currently considered controversial by the
NASA Exoplanet Archive, so only the "c" planet is considered
for inclusion in our mass function analysis;
c = This object was reported to have two exoplanets at the time of
our original query to the NASA Exoplanet Archive, but it is now
believed that the "b" component was a false positive;
d = This exoplanet, aka HR 810b, has a period from radial velocity
variations of 302.8±2.3d (Stassun+ 2017AJ....153..136S 2017AJ....153..136S) and is
presumably the same object listed in Table 4 as ι Hor B, the
companion giving rise to the 331.7d orbital period in the Gaia DR3
non-single star table;
e = This transiting exoplanet, aka TOI-540 b, has no mass measurement;
g = This "exoplanet" is the T dwarf WISEPA J075108.79-763449.6,
already included as its own row in Table 4;
h = This "exoplanet" is the Y dwarf L 97-3 B (sometimes referred to
as WD 0806-661 B), already included as its own row in Table 4;
i = This "exoplanet" is the T dwarf ULAS J130041.74+122114.7,
already included as its own row in Table 4;
j = This "exoplanet" is the late-T/early-Y dwarf e Vir Ab, already
included as its own row in Table 4;
k = This assumes that the exoplanet candidate ρ CrB b is real;
m = The "c" planet is currently considered controversial by the
NASA Exoplanet Archive, so only the "b" planet is considered
for inclusion in our mass function analysis;
n = This "exoplanet" is the T dwarf HN Peg B, already included as
its own row in Table 4;
Note (2): Indicates whether the "exoplanets" in this system should be
considered in our stellar mass function analysis. Notes regarding
period violations indicate objects that are excluded, as these are
likely objects formed via a protoplanetary disk. In these cases, we
list at least one example of component pairs ("b" vs. "c", "c"
vs. "d", etc.) that violate the rule.
Note (3): Notes on Note as follows:
f = The inner and outer planets do not violate the Pouter<5Pinner-rule,
but the imaging of this youthful system
nonetheless shows the debris disk remaining from protoplanetary
formation;
l = In Table 4, we label the object causing the Gaia DR3
acceleration (from the non-single star list) as CD-51 10924 B.
For the purposes of accounting, we will equate that object with
this one, GJ 676 A c;
o = This object has no mass determination.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table18.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 5 F5.3 Msun MassBin0 [0/7.9] Lower edge of Mass bin
7- 11 F5.3 Msun MassBin1 [0.005/8] Upper edge of Mass bin
13- 17 F5.1 --- Ntot [0.1/925] Total number of objects
19- 22 F4.1 --- e_Ntot [0.5/30.4] Uncertainty in Ntot
24- 32 F9.7 --- SpaceDensity [3e-06/0.03] Space Density (1)
34- 42 F9.7 --- e_SpaceDensity [1.49e-05/0.001] Error in SpaceDensity (1)
44- 44 A1 --- Lowerlimit y=Lower limit
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Units in (pc-3.[Mbin]-1) where the value of [Mbin]-1
in the units should be replaced with the bin size for that row. For
example, for the first row of the table, the units will be pc-3
[0.10Msun]-1 because that bin is 0.10Msun wide.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 29 A29 --- Name Name
31- 40 A10 --- SName Approximate J2000 Coordinates used as a
short name throughout text
42- 57 A16 --- Inst Instrument
59- 62 I4 yr Obs.Y [1995/2022] Observation Date (UTC), year
64- 66 A3 "month" Obs.M Observation Date (UTC), month
68- 69 I2 d Obs.D Observation Date (UTC), day in month
71- 79 A9 --- ObsCode Observer Code (1)
81- 87 A7 --- SpTOpt Optical Spectral Type
89- 89 A1 --- f_SpTOpt Flag on SpT-Opt (2)
91-111 A21 --- SpTNIR NIR Spectral Type (3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Observer codes as follows:
A = Katelyn Allers;
B = Adam Burgasser;
C = Emily Calamari;
D = Adam Schneider;
E = Peter Eisenhardt;
F = Jacqueline Faherty;
G = Daniella Bardalez Gagliuffi;
H = Eileen Gonzales;
I = Christopher Theissen;
J = Roman Gerasimov;
K = Rocio Kiman;
L = Guodong Li;
M = Jonathan Gagne;
N = Dan Caselden;
O = Les Hamlet;
P = Thomas Connor;
Q = Blake Pantoja;
R = Austin Rothermich;
S = Daniel Stern;
T = Chao-Wei Tsai;
U = Eric Mamajek;
V = Federico Marocco;
W = Jon Rees
X = Jose I. Adorno;
Y = Johanna Vos;
Z = Mark Popinchalk;
1 = Christian Aganze;
2 = Chih-Chun Hsu;
3 = Richard Smart;
4 = Ryan Low;
5 = Davy Kirkpatrick.
Note (2): Flags on Optical Spectral types as follows:
1 = 0556+1546: Spectrum shows slightly stronger CaH bands relative
to the M5 standard, though not enough to warrant a d/sdM5
designation;
2 = 0727-0718: See section 4.7 of Tremblay+ (2020MNRAS.497..130T 2020MNRAS.497..130T) for an
assessment of the spectral type.
The Gaia DR2 parallax, which has a large uncertainty relative
to other objects of similar magnitude, must be erroneous. No
parallax is given in Gaia DR3. This star must actually fall
well outside 20 pc;
3 = 1423+5146: Spectrum shows slightly stronger CaH bands relative
to the M7 standard, though not enough to warrant a d/sdM7
designation.
Note (3): Near-infrared spectral types of "sl. blue", "blue", "sl.
red", and "red" refer to objects that are slightly ("sl.") or
considerably bluer or redder in the H- and K-bands than the
established spectral standard at that subtype, after the standard
spectrum and target spectrum are overplotted at J-band. Those
listed as "pec" (peculiar) have spectral morphologies that fail to
match the established standards and cannot be characterized as
easily. See section 5.2 of Kirkpatrick+ (2010ApJS..190..100K 2010ApJS..190..100K) for
more discussion.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 26 A26 --- Name Name
28- 37 F10.6 deg RAdeg [61.7/360] Right Ascension (J2000)
39- 48 F10.6 deg DEdeg [-49/15.3] Declination (J2000)
50- 56 F7.2 yr Epoch [2011.12/2019.8] Mean Epoch of
observation in decimal years
58- 63 F6.2 mas plx-abs [41.7/190] Absolute parallax
65- 68 F4.2 mas e_plx-abs [1.5/4.3] Uncertainty in plx-abs
70- 73 F4.2 mas AbsCorr [0.3/1.2] Correction applied to the
relative parallax to convert to absolute
75- 81 F7.2 mas.yr-1 pmRA [-565/570] Proper Motion in Right Ascension
83- 86 F4.2 mas.yr-1 e_pmRA [0.29/1] Uncertainty in pmRA
88- 95 F8.2 mas.yr-1 pmDE [-1041/1695] Proper motion in Declination
97-100 F4.2 mas.yr-1 e_pmDE [0.3/1] Uncertainty in pmDE
102-105 F4.1 yr Baseline [7/12.1] Total time baseline of the
NTT observations
107-109 I3 --- Nref [13/503] Number of Reference Stars
111-112 I2 --- Nobs [19/29] Number of Observation epochs
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 11 F11.7 deg RAdeg [272.85/272.86] Right Ascension
(ICRS at Epoch=MJD)
13- 22 F10.7 deg DEdeg [66.96/66.97] Declination
(ICRS at Epoch=MJD)
24- 30 F7.5 arcsec e_RAdeg [0.019/1] Uncertainty in RAdeg
32- 38 F7.5 arcsec e_DEdeg [0.01/1] Uncertainty in DEdeg
40- 42 A3 --- Band Band/Filter used for position
44- 56 F13.7 d MJD [55208.1/58655.7] Epoch of Observation in MJD
58- 74 F17.6 km X Heliocentric J2000 X position
76- 92 F17.6 km Y Heliocentric J2000 Y position
94-109 F16.6 km Z Heliocentric J2000 Z position
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 3 A3 --- Const Constellation
5- 32 A28 --- System Proximal System
34- 34 A1 --- Note Note on System (1)
36- 42 A7 --- Class Spectral Class
44- 49 F6.2 mas plx [66.4/769] Parallax
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Notes on systems as follows:
a = The T dwarf UGPS J072227.51-054031.2 is equidistant with this
source within the measurement uncertainties;
b = The M dwarf pair BD+19 5116AB is equidistant with this source
within the measurement uncertainties;
c = The T dwarf WISE J043052.92+463331.6 is equidistant with this
source within the measurement uncertainties;
d = The M dwarf SCR J0740-4257 is equidistant with this source
within the measurement uncertainties.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: refs.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 21 A21 --- Ref Reference code
24- 52 A29 --- Auth Author's first name(s)
54- 72 A19 --- BibCode Bibcode of the reference
75-115 A41 --- Comm Comment and VizieR catalog's reference
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 04-Jun-2024