J/ApJS/272/16 Infrared properties of carbon stars in our Galaxy (Suh, 2024)
Infrared properties of carbon stars in our Galaxy.
Suh K.-W.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 272, 16 (2024)>
=2024ApJS..272...16S 2024ApJS..272...16S
ADC_Keywords: Stars, carbon; Stars, giant; Stars, variable; Infrared sources;
Cross identifications; Stars, distances; Optical; Milky Way
Keywords: Asymptotic giant branch stars ; Carbon stars ; Circumstellar dust ;
Long period variable stars ; Infrared astronomy ; Radiative transfer
Abstract:
We explore the characteristics of carbon stars within our Galaxy
through a comprehensive analysis of observational data spanning visual
and infrared (IR) bands. Leveraging data sets from IRAS, the Infrared
Space Observatory, Akari, the Midcourse Space Experiment, the Two
Micron All Sky Survey, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE),
Gaia DR3, AAVSO, and the SIMBAD object database, we conduct a detailed
comparison between the observational data and theoretical models. To
facilitate this comparison, we introduce various IR two-color diagrams
(2CDs), IR color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs), and spectral energy
distributions (SEDs). We find that the CMDs, which utilize the latest
distance and extinction data from Gaia DR3 for a substantial number of
carbon stars, are very useful for distinguishing carbon-rich
asymptotic giant branch (CAGB) stars from extrinsic carbon stars that
are not in the AGB phase. To enhance the accuracy of our analysis, we
employ theoretical radiative transfer models for dust shells around
CAGB stars. These theoretical dust shell models demonstrate a
commendable ability to approximate the observations of CAGB stars
across various SEDs, 2CDs, and CMDs. We present the infrared
properties of known pulsating variables and explore the infrared
variability of the sample stars by analyzing WISE photometric data
spanning the last 14 years. Additionally, we present a novel catalog
of CAGB stars, offering enhanced reliability and a wealth of
additional information.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table5.dat 154 4909 Carbon stars with IRAS counterparts (carbon-rich
asymptotic giant branch; CAGB_IC, see Table 1)
objects
table6.dat 136 2254 Carbon stars without IRAS counterparts (AllWISE or
Gaia DR3 Sources; CAGB_NI, see Table 2) objects
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See also:
B/vsx : AAVSO International Variable Star Index VSX (Watson+, 2006-)
V/81 : Taxonomy of Barium Stars (Lu 1991)
III/227 : General Catalog of galactic Carbon stars, 3d Ed. (Alksnis+ 2001)
I/311 : Hipparcos, the New Reduction (van Leeuwen, 2007)
II/297 : AKARI/IRC mid-IR all-sky Survey (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)
II/298 : AKARI/FIS All-Sky Survey Point Source Catalogues (ISAS/JAXA, 2010)
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
II/338 : IRAS PSC/FSC Combined Catalogue (Abrahamyan+ 2015)
II/336 : AAVSO Photometric All Sky Survey (APASS) DR9 (Henden+, 2016)
I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
I/358 : Gaia DR3 Part 4. Variability (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
J/A+A/227/82 : JHKLM photometry of 'IRAS-discovered' stars (Epchtein+, 1990)
J/A+AS/101/513 : JHKLM photometry of C stars (Groenewegen+ 1993)
J/ApJS/112/557 : Classification of IRAS Sources (Kwok+ 1997)
J/A+AS/146/217 : Library of Spectra (0.5 to 2.5um) of Cool Stars (Lancon+ 2000)
J/A+A/390/501 : Millimetre obs. of carbon stars. I. (Groenewegen+, 2002)
J/PASP/117/199 : IRTS carbon stars (Le Bertre+, 2005)
J/AJ/134/214 : Infrared study of J-type carbon stars (Chen+, 2007)
J/AJ/143/36 : A catalog of Galactic infrared carbon stars (Chen+, 2012)
J/ApJ/765/12 : Carbon stars & DQ white dwarfs from SDSS-DR7+DR8 (Green, 2013)
J/ApJ/792/30 : NEOWISE magnitudes for near-Earth objects (Mainzer+, 2014)
J/A+A/608/A100 : CMD and mass distribution of Ba stars (Escorza+, 2017)
J/ApJS/234/31 : Carbon stars from LAMOST using machine learning (Li+, 2018)
J/A+A/633/A135 : Solar neighbourhood carbon stars properties (Abia+, 2020)
J/ApJS/256/43 : O-rich and C-rich AGB stars in our Galaxy (Suh, 2021)
J/A+A/664/A45 : Characterisation of Galactic carbon stars (Abia+, 2022)
J/A+A/659/A145 : A WISE view on extreme AGB stars (Groenewegen, 2022)
J/ApJS/260/46 : Milky Way Mira variable stars from OGLE (Iwanek+, 2022)
J/A+A/661/A147 : Gal. interstellar dust Gaia-2MASS 3D maps (Lallement+, 2022)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 I4 --- Seq [1/4909] CAGB_IC running sequential number
6- 16 A11 --- IRAS IRAS identifier (HHMMm+DDMM; B1950)
18- 45 A28 --- SIMBAD SIMBAD identifier
47- 49 A3 --- --- [DR3 ]
51- 69 I19 --- GaiaDR3 ? Gaia DR3 identifier
71- 82 F12.8 deg RAdeg Right Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (1)
84- 95 F12.8 deg DEdeg Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0 (1)
97- 98 A2 --- r_Pos Source of the position (Gaia DR3 or Akari) (G1)
100-118 A19 --- WISEA ? AllWISE identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
120-129 A10 --- Type ? Variable type from AAVSO
131-136 F6.1 d PerAAVSO [0/2950]? Period from AAVSO
138-143 F6.1 d PerWISE [60/1195]? Period from WISE data
145-151 F7.1 pc Dist [96/29239] Distance
153-154 A2 --- r_Dist Source of the distance (G1)
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Note (1): Positions from Gaia DR3 (G3 in col. r_Pos) are (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0;
whereas Akari PSC ("AP" in col. r_Pos; 47 occurrences) coordinates are
(J2000); note added by CDS.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 4 I4 --- Seq [1/2254] CAGB_NI running sequential number
6- 33 A28 --- SIMBAD SIMBAD identifier
35- 37 A3 --- --- [DR3]
39- 57 I19 --- GaiaDR3 Gaia DR3 identifier
59- 70 F12.8 deg RAdeg Gaia DR3 Right Ascension (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0
72- 83 F12.8 deg DEdeg Gaia DR3 Declination (ICRS) at Ep=2016.0
85-103 A19 --- WISEA ? AllWISE identifier (JHHMMSS.ss+DDMMSS.s)
105-111 A7 --- Type ? Variable type from AAVSO
113-118 F6.1 d PerAAVSO [0.2/1490]? Period from AAVSO
120-125 F6.1 d PerWISE [120.8/2277]? Period from WISE data
127-133 F7.1 pc Dist [452.8/28395] Distance
135-136 A2 --- r_Dist Source of the distance (G1)
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Global notes:
Note (G1): Sources of the position (for Table 5) and distances as follows:
G3 = Gaia DR3 (see I/355)
AP = Akari PSC (see II/297)
G = Gaia DR3 (see I/355)
GS = Gaia DR3 and CAGB model SED (mean value)
H = Hipparcos (see I/311)
HS = Hipparcos and CAGB model SED (mean value)
S = carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch (CAGB) model SED
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 13-Aug-2024