J/ApJS/273/8 X-ray activity of stars from 2RXS, LAMOST & Gaia (Han+, 2024)
Stellar X-ray activity and habitability revealed by the ROSAT Sky Survey.
Han H., Wang S., Zheng C., Li X., Xiao K., Liu J.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 273, 8 (2024)>
=2024ApJS..273....8H 2024ApJS..273....8H
ADC_Keywords: X-ray sources; Abundances, [Fe/H]; Stars, distances;
Stars, diameters; Optical; Stars, late-type
Keywords: Habitable zone ; Late-type stars ; Stellar activity ;
Stellar rotation ; X-ray stars
Abstract:
Using the homogeneous X-ray catalog from ROSAT observations, we
conducted a comprehensive investigation into stellar X-ray
activity-rotation relations for both single and binary stars.
Generally, the relation for single stars consists of two distinct
regions: a weak decay region, indicating a continued dependence of the
magnetic dynamo on stellar rotation rather than a saturation regime
with constant activity, and a rapid decay region, where X-ray activity
is strongly correlated with the Rossby number. Detailed analysis
reveals more fine structures within the relation: in the extremely
fast-rotating regime, a decrease in X-ray activity was observed with
increasing rotation rate, referred to as supersaturation, while in the
extremely slow-rotating region, the relation flattens, mainly due to
the scattering of F stars. This scattering may result from intrinsic
variability in stellar activities over one stellar cycle or the
presence of different dynamo mechanisms. Binaries exhibit a similar
relation to that of single stars while the limited sample size
prevented the identification of fine structures in the relation for
binaries. We calculated the mass-loss rates of planetary atmospheres
triggered by X-ray emissions from host stars. Our findings indicate
that for an Earthlike planet within the stellar habitable zone, it
would easily lose its entire primordial H/He envelope (equating to
about 1% of the planetary mass).
Description:
Due to the poor positional accuracy of the ROSAT 2RXS catalog
(Boller+ 2016, J/A+A/588/A103), we first crossmatched the ROSAT 2RXS
catalog with the LAMOST DR10 (see V/156) and APOGEE DR16 (III/284)
data. Then the sample was crossmatched with Gaia eDR3
(Gaia Col. 2021, I/350) and its distance catalog
(Bailer-Jones+ 2021, I/352).
After the sample construction, the most important process is target
classification and cleaning. To determine the variable types in our
sample, we first crossmatched it with various photometric catalogs.
Finally, we removed some contamination from our sample by
crossmatching with SIMBAD.
See Section 2.
Our sample includes a total of 2042 targets, among which 521 targets
exhibit periodic modulation in light curves.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 106 2042 Stellar parameters of each target in our sample
table2.dat 73 2042 Derived stellar parameters of each target in
our sample
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
B/gcvs : General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+, 2007-2017)
IX/10 : ROSAT All-Sky Bright Source Catalogue (1RXS) (Voges+ 1999)
II/360 : Gaia DR2 x AllWISE catalogue (Marton+, 2019)
IV/38 : TESS Input Catalog - v8.0 (TIC-8) (Stassun+, 2019)
V/156 : LAMOST DR7 catalogs (Luo+, 2019)
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)
I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)
VII/291 : GLADE+ (Galaxy List for the Advanced Detector Era) (Dalya+, 2022)
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
J/ApJ/574/258 : X-ray-emitting young stars in Orion (Feigelson+, 2002)
J/A+A/397/147 : Activity-rotation relationship in stars (Pizzolato+ 2003)
J/ApJ/687/1264 : Age estimation for solar-type dwarfs (Mamajek+, 2008)
J/ApJ/743/48 : Stars with rot. periods & X-ray luminosities (Wright+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/432/1203 : Rotation periods of M-dwarf stars (McQuillan+, 2013)
J/ApJS/213/9 : Catalina Surveys periodic variable stars (Drake+, 2014)
J/ApJS/211/24 : Rotation periods of Kepler MS stars (McQuillan+, 2014)
J/ApJ/806/183 : Planet radii of Kepler Object of Interest (Wolfgang+, 2015)
J/A+A/588/A103 : 2nd ROSAT all-sky survey (2RXS) source cat. (Boller+, 2016)
J/MNRAS/458/3479 : SVM selection of WISE YSO Candidates (Marton+, 2016)
J/AcA/66/405 : Gal. bulge eclipsing & ellipsoidal bin. (Soszynski+, 2016)
J/ApJS/224/40 : Catalog of Chandra ACIS point like sources (Wang+, 2016)
J/ApJ/834/85 : Hα emission in nearby M dwarfs (Newton+, 2017)
J/ApJS/237/28 : WISE catalog of periodic variable stars (Chen+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/477/4641 : LAMOST DR5 White dwarf-main sequence binaries (Ren+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/473/4937 : AllWISE ctp to ROSAT/2RXS & XMMSLEW2 cat. (Salvato+, 2018)
J/A+A/628/A41 : KIC stars in Kepler/XMM-Newton (Pizzocaro+, 2019)
J/ApJS/244/21 : Surface rot. & activity of Kepler stars. I. (Santos+, 2019)
J/ApJS/249/18 : The ZTF catalog of periodic variable stars (Chen+, 2020)
J/other/NatAs/4.03 : Rotation and activity across HR diagram (Lehtinen+, 2020)
J/other/NatAs/4.658 : Rotation and activity across HR diagram (Lehtinen+, 2020)
J/ApJ/905/38 : WD binary pathways survey. V. Gaia WD+AFGK (Ren+, 2020)
J/ApJ/902/114 : X-ray activity. I. Chandra, Gaia & GALEX (Wang+, 2020)
J/ApJS/255/17 : Surface rot. & activity for Kepler. II. (Santos+, 2021)
J/ApJS/258/16 : TESS Eclipsing Binary stars. I. Sectors 1-26 (Prsa+, 2022)
J/ApJS/258/26 : Spectroscopic binaries from LAMOST MRS. I. (Zhang+, 2022)
J/ApJS/264/12 : Chromospheric activities from LAMOST and K2 (Han+, 2023)
J/A+A/674/A21 : KYSO - The Konkoly Optical YSO catalogue (Marton+, 2023)
J/A+A/684/A121 : SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey coronal content (Freund+, 2024)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 I19 --- Gaia Gaia eDR3 source ID
21- 30 F10.6 deg RAdeg Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
32- 41 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
43- 47 I5 K Teff [2899/11581] Effective temperature
49- 51 I3 K e_Teff [0/352] Uncertainty in Teff
53- 56 F4.2 [-] logg [0.79/5.5] Log of surface gravity
58- 61 F4.2 [-] e_logg [0/0.56] Uncertainty in logg
63- 67 F5.2 [-] [Fe/H] [-1.83/0.54] Metallicity
69- 72 F4.2 [-] e_[Fe/H] [0/0.64] Uncertainty in [Fe/H]
74- 80 F7.2 pc Dist [12.9/4930] Gaia distance
82- 88 F7.2 pc e_Dist [0/1885] Uncertainty in Dist
90- 94 F5.2 Rsun Rad [0.1/55.3] Stellar radius
96- 99 F4.2 Rsun e_Rad [0/9.2] Uncertainty in Rad
101-106 A6 --- Type Stellar type (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Type (see Figure 1) as follows:
Binary = 872 occurrences
Dwarf = 821 occurrences
YSO = Young stellar object; 276 occurrences
Giant = 73 occurrences
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 I19 --- Gaia Gaia eDR3 source ID
21- 24 F4.2 mag E(B-V) [0.01/1.87] Reddening
26- 33 E8.2 mW/m2 Flux [2.8e-14/6.3e-11] X-ray flux; erg/cm2/s
35- 42 E8.2 mW/m2 e_Flux [6.2e-15/1.1e-11] Uncertainty in Flux
44- 51 E8.2 --- Rx [4.8e-07/0.33] Normalized X-ray luminosity
53- 60 E8.2 --- e_Rx [1.2e-07/2.5]?=-999 Uncertainty in Rx
62- 67 F6.2 d tau [0.97/497]? Convective turnover time
69- 73 F5.2 d Prot [0/17.8]? Rotation period
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 26-Nov-2024