J/ApJS/278/45 Deep UNCOVER-ALMA Legacy high-Z survey (DUALZ) (Fujimoto+, 2025)
DUALZ-Deep UNCOVER-ALMA Legacy high-Z survey.
Fujimoto S., Bezanson R., Labbe I., Brammer G., Price S.H., Wang B.,
Weaver J.R., Fudamoto Y., Oesch P.A., Williams C.C., Dayal P.,
Feldmann R., Greene J.E., Leja J., Whitaker K.E., Zitrin A., Cutler S.E.,
Furtak L.J., Pan R., Chemerynska I., Kokorev V., Miller T.B., Atek H.,
van Dokkum P., Juneau S., Kassin S., Khullar G., Marchesini D., Maseda M.,
Nelson E.J., Setton D.J., Smit R.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 278, 45 (2025)>
=2025ApJS..278...45F 2025ApJS..278...45F
ADC_Keywords: Millimetric/submm sources; Redshifts; Photometry, infrared;
Galaxies, IR
Keywords: Galaxy formation ; Galaxy evolution ; High-redshift galaxies ;
Astrosphere interstellar medium interactions ; Starburst galaxies ;
Infrared spectroscopy ; Millimeter-wave spectroscopy
Abstract:
We present the survey design and initial results of the Atacama Large
Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Cycle 9 program of DUALZ, which
aims to establish a joint ALMA and JWST public legacy field targeting
the massive galaxy cluster A2744. DUALZ features a contiguous 4'x6'
ALMA 30GHz-wide mosaic in Band 6, covering areas of µ>2 down to a
sensitivity of σ=32.7µJy. Through a blind search, we
identified 69 dust continuum sources at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)
≳5.0 with median redshift and intrinsic 1.2mm flux of z=2.30 and
S1.2mmint=0.24mJy. Of these, 27 have been spectroscopically
confirmed, leveraged by the latest NIRSpec observations, while
photometric redshifts are also constrained by the comprehensive Hubble
Space Telescope (HST), NIRCam, and ALMA data sets for the remaining
sources. With priors, we further identify a [CII]158µm line emitter
at z=6.3254±0.0004, confirmed by the latest NIRSpec spectroscopy.
The NIRCam counterparts of the 1.2mm continuum exhibit undisturbed
morphologies, denoted either by disk or spheroid, implying the
triggers for the faint millimeter emission are less catastrophic than
mergers. We have identified eight HST-dark galaxies (F150W>27mag,
F150W-F444W>2.3) and two JWST-dark (F444W>30mag) galaxy candidates
among the ALMA continuum sources. The former includes face-on disk
galaxies, hinting that substantial dust obscuration does not always
result from inclination. We also detect a marginal dust emission from
an X-ray-detected galaxy at zspec=10.07, suggesting an active
coevolution of the central black hole and its host. We assess the
infrared luminosity function up to z∼10 and find it is consistent with
predictions from galaxy formation models.
Description:
Over 200hr of JWST Cycle 1 and Cycle 2 observations, including the
GTO, ERS, GO, and DDT programs, have been performed and further
scheduled toward A2744 (z=0.308). In particular, the 82hr public GO
treasury program in JWST Cycle 1 --UNCOVER (#2561; PIs Labbe & Bezanson)
is designed to obtain deep NIRCam and NIRSpec observations over an
extended field, covering the area with magnifications of µ≥2
around the primary cluster observed in HFF and two additional
subclusters at northern and western regions (Furtak+ 2023MNRAS.523.4568F 2023MNRAS.523.4568F).
The ALMA Band 6 program of the Deep UNCOVER-ALMA Legacy high-Z survey
(DUALZ) was designed to homogeneously map the main UNCOVER field at
the 1.2mm wavelength and was accepted in Cycle 9 (#2022.1.00073.S;
PI: Fujimoto S.).
The ALMA Band 6 observations were completed in 2022 October.
To foster diverse scientific outcomes from the community, we publicly
release reduced ALMA mosaic maps, cubes, and the source catalog at
https://jwst-uncover.github.io/DR2.html#DUALZ.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
catalog.dat 159 69 1.2mm detection catalog with fluxes and
crossmatch to JWST sources
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See also:
J/MNRAS/372/1621 : SCUBA Half-Degree Extragalactic Survey. II (Coppin+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/371/703 : MILES library of empirical spectra (Sanchez-Blazquez+, 2006)
J/MNRAS/384/1611 : Submm observations in gravitational lenses (Knudsen+, 2008)
J/ApJ/707/1201 : LABOCA ECDFS Submillimeter Survey (LESS) (Weiss+, 2009)
J/MNRAS/411/102 : AzTEC/ASTE 1.1mm observations in the ADF-S (Hatsukade+ 2011)
J/ApJ/777/18 : Stellar mass functions of galaxies to z=4 (Muzzin+, 2013)
J/ApJ/788/125 : An ALMA survey of ECDFS smm galaxies (Simpson+, 2014)
J/ApJS/214/24 : 3D-HST+CANDELS catalog (Skelton+, 2014)
J/ApJ/811/29 : GLASS. IV. Lensing cluster Abell 2744 (Wang+, 2015)
J/ApJS/222/1 : Faint ALMA 1.2mm sources down to ∼0.02mJy (Fujimoto+, 2016)
J/ApJ/830/51 : FourStar gal. evolution survey (ZFOURGE) (Straatman+, 2016)
J/ApJ/837/139 : SUPER GOODS. I. Ultradeep SCUBA-2 survey (Cowie+, 2017)
J/ApJ/850/83 : DANCING-ALMA. I. submm/mm cont. sources (Fujimoto+, 2017)
J/A+A/609/A130 : [CII] luminosities of gal. in G.A.S.+Cloudy (Lagache+, 2018)
J/A+A/609/A30 : Monochromatic conversion factors to LIR (Schreiber+, 2018)
J/A+A/643/A2 : ALPINE DR1 merged catalog (Bethermin+, 2020)
J/MNRAS/494/3828 : ALMA survey of SCUBA-2 CLS UDS field (Dudzeviciute+, 2020)
J/ApJ/901/74 : ALMA obs. of UDS & GOODS-S massive galaxies (Tadaki+, 2020)
J/ApJ/923/215 : MORA: ALMA 2mm survey (Casey+, 2021)
J/MNRAS/515/3126 : REBELS. Dust Continuum Detections at z>6.5 (Inami+, 2022)
J/ApJS/275/36 : ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS) 1.2mm (Fujimoto+, 2024)
J/A+A/691/A299 : Massive star-forming gal. from JWST & ALMA (Gillman+, 2024)
J/ApJS/270/7 : UNCOVER phot. cat. of A2744 with HST+JWST (Weaver+, 2024)
J/ApJ/982/51 : UNCOVER survey: zcat from JWST sp. in A2744 (Price+, 2025)
http://jwst-uncover.github.io/DR2.html : UNCOVER survey DR2 homepage
Byte-by-byte Description of file: catalog.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Seq [1/69] Running sequence number
(<[FBL2025] NN> in Simbad)
4- 8 I5 --- NID [3843/53471]? NIRcam source ID in the DR2
catalog ( in Simbad) (1)
10- 14 I5 --- MID [3928/48540]? MSA ID for the sources observed
with NIRSpec prism (Price+ 2025, J/ApJ/982/51)
16- 27 F12.10 deg RAdeg [3.51/3.64] ALMA right ascension (J2000) (2)
29- 41 F13.9 deg DEdeg [-30.5/-30.3] ALMA declination (J2000) (2)
43- 55 F13.11 deg RANdeg [3.51/3.64]? NIRCam counterpart right
ascension (J2000)
57- 71 F15.11 deg DENdeg [-30.5/-30.3]? NIRCam counterpart declination
(J2000)
73- 78 F6.3 --- SNR [4.2/55.22] Signal-to-noise ratio (3)
80- 87 A8 --- Map The map which shows the better S/N (4)
89- 93 F5.3 --- PB [0.2/0.99] Primary beam response
95- 98 I4 uJy S1.2mm [150/3041] Total flux measurement of the ALMA
continuum at 1.2mm (5)
100- 102 I3 uJy e_S1.2mm [34/242] S1.2mm 1sigma error
104 A1 --- l_F150W Upper limit flag on F150W (6)
106- 110 F5.2 mag F150W [18.4/29.4]? Aperture AB magnitude with a 0.32"
diameter in the JWST/NIRCam F150W
111 A1 --- f_F150W m = masked
113 A1 --- l_F444W Upper limit flag on F444W (6)
115- 119 F5.2 mag F444W [18.1/29.5]? Aperture AB magnitude with a 0.32"
diameter in the JWST/NIRCam F444W
120 A1 --- f_F444W o = outside
122- 125 F4.2 --- zphot [0.29/9.9]? Photometric redshift (7)
127- 130 F4.2 --- e_zphot [0/9.2]? Lower uncertainty on zphot
132- 135 F4.2 --- E_zphot [0/1.3]? Upper uncertainty on zphot
137- 141 F5.3 --- zspec [0.29/4]? Spectroscopic redshift presented in
literature
143- 145 F3.1 --- mu [1/9] Magnification factor based on the mass
model presented in Furtak+ 2023ApJ...952..142F 2023ApJ...952..142F
147 A1 --- f_mu [a] Flag on mu (8)
149- 151 A3 --- r_zspec Reference (9)
153 I1 --- n_S1.2mm [0/2]? Photo type (10)
155- 159 F5.2 arcsec Offset [0.01/0.7]?=-1 Spatial offset between the ALMA
and NIRCam sources
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Note (1): NIRCam Source ID in the DR2 catalog (Weaver+ 2024, J/ApJS/270/7)
of the NIRCam counterparts identified with the 1" search radius
Note (2): Source coordinate of the ALMA continuum peak in the natural map
Note (3): Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the peak pixel in the natural or
the tapered map (the map showing the higher SNR being adopted).
Note (4): Map used for the source identification, where the source SNR is
maximized. "nat" and "tap" denote the natural-weighted and uv-tapered
maps, respectively. "_deep" is added to identify sources
from Deep maps (N=4).
Note (5): Source flux density at 1.2mm without the lens correction, measured
either by the peak pixel in the natural map, the peak pixel in the
tapered map, a 1.0"-radius aperture in the natural map, or the 2D
elliptical Gaussian fitting with CASA imfit (the measurement showing
the highest SNR being adopted).
Note (6): For nondetection, we place the 2σ upper limit from the error
estimate for the closest nearby source in the catalog.
Note (7): Photometric redshift using EAZY and Prospector estimated in
Wang+ (2025, in preparation).
Note (8): Flag as follows:
a = We assume z=2.0 and z=9.0 for ID20 and ID60, respectively
(see the text). For ID29, we interpret it as a cluster member galaxy
based on its location, color, and morphology.
Note (9): References as follows:
K22 = Kokorev et al. 2022ApJS..263...38K 2022ApJS..263...38K
K23 = Kokorev et al. 2023ApJ...945L..25K 2023ApJ...945L..25K
L17 = Laporte et al. 2017A&A...604A.132L 2017A&A...604A.132L
M23 = Munoz Arancibia et al. 2023A&A...675A..85M 2023A&A...675A..85M & Wang+ 2015, J/ApJ/811/29
P25 = the latest NIRSpec spectroscopy; Price+ 2025, J/ApJ/982/51
Note (10): photo_type flag as follows:
0 = peak pixel count in the better S/N map,
1 = 1.0"-radius aperture photometry,
2 = 2D elliptical Gaussian fitting with CASA IMFIT.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal for Table 3;
* NIRCam coordinates, n_S1.2mm and Offset columns added from the
original catalog in FITS format downloaded at:
https://jwst-uncover.github.io/DR2.html#DUALZ
(End) Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 20-Feb-2026