J/ApJS/281/58 Refined M-type star catalog from LAMOST DR10 (Li+, 2025)
Refined M-type star catalog from LAMOST DR10: measurements of radial velocities,
Teff, logg, [M/H], and [α/M].
Li S., Li Y.-B., Luo A.-L., Liang J.-C., Wang Y.-F., Chen J., Zhang S.,
Xiang M.-S., Jones H.R.A., Bai Z.-R., Ma X.-X., Zhang Y.-J., Lu H.-L.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 281, 58 (2025)>
=2025ApJS..281...58L 2025ApJS..281...58L
ADC_Keywords: Stars, M-type; Spectra, optical; Radial velocities; Abundances;
Spectral types; Colors; Infrared
Keywords: M stars ; Astronomy data analysis ; Radial velocity ;
Fundamental parameters of stars ; Convolutional neural networks ;
Catalogs
Abstract:
Precise stellar parameters for M-type stars, the Galaxy's most common
stellar type, are crucial for numerous studies. In this work, we
refined the LAMOST DR10 M-type star catalog through a two-stage
process. First, we purified the catalog using techniques including
deep learning and color-magnitude diagrams to remove 22,496 non-M
spectra, corrected 2078 dwarf/giant classifications, and updated
12,900 radial velocities. This resulted in a cleaner catalog
containing 870,518 M-type spectra (820,493 dwarfs, 50,025 giants).
Second, applying a label transfer strategy using values from APOGEE
DR16 for parameter prediction with a tenfold cross-validated
convolutional neural network ensemble architecture, we predicted Teff,
logg, [M/H], and [α/M] separately for M dwarfs (dMs) and giants
(gMs). The average internal errors for dMs/gMs are, respectively,
Teff 30/17K, logg 0.07/0.07dex, [M/H] 0.07/0.05dex, and [α/M]
0.02/0.02dex. Comparison with APOGEE demonstrates external precisions
of 34/14K, 0.12/0.07dex, 0.09/0.04dex, and 0.03/0.02dex for dMs/gMs,
which represent precision improvements of over 20% for dMs and over
50% for gMs compared to previous literature results.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table9.dat 290 870518 Catalog
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See also:
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
III/284 : APOGEE-2 data from DR16 (Johnsson+, 2020)
I/352 : Distances to 1.47 billion stars in Gaia EDR3 (Bailer-Jones+, 2021)
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
III/286 : APOGEE-2 DR17 final allStar catalog (Abdurro'uf+, 2022)
V/162 : LAMOST DR11 catalogs (Luo+, 2026)
J/AJ/137/4377 : List of SEGUE plate pairs (Yanny+, 2009)
J/AJ/141/97 : SDSS DR7 M dwarfs (West+, 2011)
J/ApJ/753/90 : Stellar param. of K5 & later type Kepler stars (Mann+, 2012)
J/other/RAA/15.1182 : M Dwarf catalog of LAMOST DR1 (Guo+, 2015)
J/ApJ/804/64 : Empirical and model parameters of 183 M dwarfs (Mann+, 2015)
J/AJ/150/42 : Catalog of 2612 M dwarfs from LAMOST (Zhong+, 2015)
J/other/RAA/15.1154 : M-giant star candidates in LAMOST DR 1 (Zhong+, 2015)
J/AJ/151/144 : ASPCAP weights for APOGEE chemical elements (Garcia+, 2016)
J/ApJ/823/59 : WISE and 2MASS photometry of M giant stars (Li+, 2016)
J/A+A/615/A6 : Photospheric parameters of CARMENES stars (Passegger+, 2018)
J/A+A/620/A180 : Stellar properties of M dwarfs (Rajpurohit+, 2018)
J/A+A/627/A161 : CARMENES multi wavelength measurements (Passegger+, 2019)
J/AJ/157/216 : Stellar mult. rate of M dwarfs within 25pc (Winters+, 2019)
J/ApJ/886/154 : Sgr stream K- & M-giants and BHB stars (Yang+, 2019)
J/ApJS/240/31 : M-subdwarf research. I. LAMOST DR4 spectra (Zhang+, 2019)
J/A+A/642/A121 : LHS1140 radial velocity data (Lillo-Box+, 2020)
J/A+A/656/A162 : CARMENES stellar atmospheric parameters (Marfil+, 2021)
J/ApJ/908/131 : M-subdwarf research. II. ∼3000 subdwarfs (Zhang+, 2021)
J/ApJ/931/133 : S-type stars from LAMOST MRS DR9 with Gaia DR2 (Chen+, 2022)
J/ApJS/260/45 : Stellar param. of M-type stars from LAMOST DR8 (Ding+, 2022)
J/A+A/658/A115 : Proxima Cen ESPRESSO RV and FWHM (Faria+, 2022)
J/A+A/673/A105 : Deep Transfer Learning of Teff & [M/H] (Bello-Garcia+, 2023)
J/A+A/674/A39 : Gaia DR3. 95 extrasolar planets (Gaia Coll.+, 2023)
J/A+A/670/A19 : Fifth Catalogue of Nearby Stars (CNS5) (Golovin+, 2023)
J/MNRAS/523/1297 : Optical spectra of M dwarfs blue depression (Jones+, 2023)
J/A+A/670/A84 : Wolf 1069 RV & stellar activity indices (Kossakowski+, 2023)
J/A+A/687/A205 : Stellar param. of CARMENES M dwarfs (Mas-Buitrago+, 2024)
J/ApJS/277/47 : Metallicities for LAMOST LRS DR10 M dwarfs (Zhang+, 2025)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table9.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 I10 --- obsid [101007/1018116189] The unique spectral ID
from LAMOST DR10
12- 22 F11.7 deg RAdeg Right ascension from LAMOST DR10 (J2000)
24- 33 F10.7 deg DEdeg [-9.7/89] Declination from LAMOST
DR10 (J2000)
35- 42 F8.2 --- snr-u [0/465.6]?=-9999 Signal-to-noise ratio in
the u band
44- 51 F8.2 --- snr-g [0/900.25]?=-9999 Signal-to-noise ratio in
the g band
53- 60 F8.2 --- snr-r [0/999]?=-9999 Signal-to-noise ratio in the
r band
62- 69 F8.2 --- snr-i [0/999]?=-9999 Signal-to-noise ratio in the
i band
71- 78 F8.2 --- snr-z [0/999]?=-9999 Signal-to-noise ratio in the
z band
80- 85 F6.4 --- orp-u [0/1] Proportion of ormask values that are
non-zero in u band
87- 92 F6.4 --- orp-g [0/1] Proportion of ormask values that are
non-zero in g band
94- 99 F6.4 --- orp-r [0/1] Proportion of ormask values that are
non-zero in r band
101- 106 F6.4 --- orp-i [0/1] Proportion of ormask values that are
non-zero in i band
108- 113 F6.4 --- orp-z [0/1] Proportion of ormask values that are
non-zero in z band
115- 118 A4 --- subCl Stellar spectral type from LAMOST DR10
120- 129 A10 --- LClass Corrected dM/gM classification result
131- 137 F7.2 km/s RVel [-615/449] Corrected radial velocity
139- 146 F8.2 km/s e_RVel [-6/999]?=-9999 Uncertainty in RVel (1)
148- 162 A15 --- f_RVel Reference source of RVel (2)
164- 167 I4 K Teff [2772/4611] Effective temperature
169- 171 I3 K e_Teff [2/579] Uncertainty in Teff
173- 178 F6.3 [cm/s2] logg [-1.15/7] Log surface gravity
180- 184 F5.3 [cm/s2] e_logg [0.007/1.4] Uncertainty in logg
186- 191 F6.3 [-] Z [-2.75/1.23] Metallicity
193- 197 F5.3 [-] e_Z [0.006/1] Uncertainty in Z
199- 204 F6.3 [-] alpha [-0.41/0.51] Alpha element abundance
206- 210 F5.3 [-] e_alpha [0.002/0.3] Uncertainty in alpha
212 I1 --- n_RVel [0/1]? Validity flag for RVel
(1=RVel recommended for use) (3)
214 I1 --- Use [0/1]? Stellar parameter quality flag
(0=not recommended for use) (4)
216- 234 I19 --- Gaia ?=0 Unique source identifier from Gaia DR3
236- 243 F8.2 pc Rgeo [10/32096]?=0 Median geometric distance
posterior (5)
245- 249 F5.3 mag E(B-V) [0/4.21] Color excess E (B-V) (6)
251- 256 F6.3 mag Bp-Rp [-2.6/7.6] Extinction-corrected Gaia
(Blue-Red) color (7)
258- 263 F6.3 mag GMag [-7.6/16.9] Absolute magnitude G band
magnitude (8)
265 I1 --- CMDFlag [0/1] Gaia astrometric parameter quality
flag (1=reliable) (9)
267- 271 A5 --- CMDPos Position of sources (10)
273- 278 F6.3 mag W1-W2 [-2.31/4.13] Extinction-corrected AllWISE
W1-W2 color (11)
280- 284 F5.3 mag errW1 [0/0.6] Mean uncertainty of AllWISE W1
magnitude
286- 290 F5.3 mag errW2 [0/0.6] Mean uncertainty of AllWISE W2
magnitude
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Note (1): An less than 0 indicates that the LAMOST official pipeline cannot
correctly provide the radial velocity error.
Note (2): Source as follows:
DSAL_I = Doppler shift of absorption line method I (995 occurrences);
DSAL_II = Doppler shift of absorption line method II (3543 occurrences);
DSEL = Doppler shift of emission line method (49 occurrences);
TML7500 = the TM method with wavelength limited to the left of 7500Å
(35 occurrences)
TM = template-matching method (8278 occurrences)
NoRV_lowQuality = RV could not be determined due to the low quality of
the spectrum (76 occurrences)
NoRV_waveErr = RV could not be determined due to an error in the
spectral wavelength calibration (13 occurrences)
See Section 3.4.3.
Note (3): Validity flag for RVel as follows:
1 = RVel is recommended for use;
0 = RV is unavailable or there may be wavelength calibration
issues in the spectrum.
Note (4): Stellar parameter quality flag as follows:
1 = the stellar parameters are recommended for use;
0 = not recommended for use.
Note (5): From Bailer-Jones+ 2021AJ....161..147B 2021AJ....161..147B; cat. I/352
Note (6): Determined from the 3D dust map Bayestar19
(Green+ 2019ApJ...887...93G 2019ApJ...887...93G) using Rgeo
Note (7): The extinction coefficient is from
Casagrande & VandenBerg 2018MNRAS.479L.102C 2018MNRAS.479L.102C
Note (8): Calculated using Equation 1 (GMag=G-5lg(d)+5-AG where d is Rgeo);
see Section 3.4.1.
Note (9): Based on the five equations in Section 3.4.1, the Gaia astrometric
data are quality-filtered. CMD flag = 1 indicates that the Gaia
astrometric data are reliable, while 0 indicates they are unreliable.
Note (10): with CMDFlag = 1 on the Gaia color-magnitude diagram.
Code as follows:
dM = star is in the dM region of Figure 6;
gM = in the gM region;
other = in the non-M region.
Note (11): The extinction coefficient is from Zhang & Yuan 2023ApJS..264...14Z 2023ApJS..264...14Z
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
License: CC-BY-4.0
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 29-Jun-2026