J/ApJS/284/5 Spectroscopic multiple-star syst. from LAMOST DR10 (Han+, 2026)
Searching for spectroscopic multiple-star systems in the LAMOST Medium-
Resolution Spectroscopic survey.
Han Y., Li K., Gao X.
<Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 284, 5 (2026)>
=2026ApJS..284....5H 2026ApJS..284....5H
ADC_Keywords: Spectra, optical; Surveys; Binaries, spectroscopic;
Radial velocities
Keywords: Spectroscopic binary stars ; Binary stars ; Catalogs ; Radial velocity
Abstract:
We employed the Gaussian decomposition package Gausspy+
(Riener+ 2019A&A...628A..78R 2019A&A...628A..78R) to autonomously identify multipeak
features in the cross-correlation functions (CCFs) of spectra from the
Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST)
Medium-Resolution Survey (MRS), enabling the detection of single-lined
spectroscopic binaries (SB1s), double-lined spectroscopic binaries
(SB2s), and spectroscopic triples (STs). By providing Gausspy+ with
training spectra exhibiting single-, double-, and triple-peak CCFs, we
derived optimal fitting parameters suited to the dataset. To ensure
the reliability of the fits, we established selection criteria for
exposures showing double- or triple-peak CCFs based on statistical
analysis of the test sample. Combining visual screening with our
testing sets, the accuracy for SB2 identification reached 95.7%, while
the accuracy for ST identification reached 98.6%. Applying this method
to nearly 450,000 LAMOST DR10 targets, we identified 15,887 SB 2
candidates and 8771 ST candidates. In addition, we analyzed 903
targets that exhibit significant radial velocity (RV) variations but
whose CCFs only show a single peak. For these objects, we performed
orbital parameter inference using The Joker, and identified 294 SB1
candidates with periodic RV variations. Notably, among the identified
candidates, 65.3% of SB2s, 93.9% of STs, and 93.9% of SB1s are newly
discovered systems, substantially expanding the census of
spectroscopic multiple systems in the LAMOST MRS dataset. Furthermore,
we also provide orbital solutions for 334 SB2 systems. For ST systems,
we identified 46 hierarchical triple systems and obtained their
orbital solutions. These results further enrich the characterization
of multiple star systems in the LAMOST MRS dataset.
Description:
The spectral data used in this paper are from the Medium-Resolution
Survey (MRS) in LAMOST Data Release 10 (DR10), version v1.0.
LAMOST-MRS began its test observations in 2017 September and
officially launched its survey in 2018 October, with a resolution of
approximately R∼7500. LAMOST-MRS surveys include blue and red arms,
with the blue-arm covering wavelengths ranging from 4950-5350Å, and
the red arm covering wavelengths ranging from 6300-6800Å.
As of 2022 June, the LAMOST DR10 MRS dataset has accumulated over
10.48 million medium-resolution spectra, covering a wide area of the
northern sky.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table3.dat 141 49889 SB2 candidates from LAMOST-MRS DR10
table4.dat 160 33560 Spectroscopic triple (ST) candidates from
LAMOST-MRS DR10
table5.dat 87 294 SB1 candidates
table6.dat 90 351 Other SB2 and hierarchical triple (HT) system
candidates
table7.dat 85 29 Orbital parameters of SB2 candidates with
Periods≥200days
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See also:
B/sb9 : SB9: 9th Catalogue of Spectroscopic Binary Orbits (Pourbaix+ 2004-2014)
I/355 : Gaia DR3 Part 1. Main source (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
I/357 : Gaia DR3 Part 3. Non-single stars (Gaia Collaboration, 2022)
V/162 : LAMOST DR11 catalogs (Luo+, 2026)
J/AJ/140/184 : RAVE double-lined spectroscopic binaries (Matijevic+, 2010)
J/A+A/608/A95 : GES: multi-line sp. binary candidates (Merle+, 2017)
J/AJ/158/155 : SB candidates from the RAVE & Gaia DR2 surveys (Birko+, 2019)
J/A+A/638/A145 : GALAH survey. FGK binary stars (Traven+, 2020)
J/AJ/162/184 : APOGEE: radial velocities of binaries (Kounkel+, 2021)
J/ApJS/258/26 : Spectroscopic binaries from LAMOST MRS. I. (Zhang+, 2022)
J/ApJS/269/41 : New SB1s with sp. orbits from LAMOST DR8 LRS (Chen+, 2023)
J/ApJS/266/18 : Double-line spectroscopic binaries from LAMOST (Zheng+, 2023)
J/MNRAS/527/521 : SB2s in LAMOST-MRS (Kovalev+, 2024)
J/ApJS/278/46 : Orbits of 665 SB2s in Lamost-MRS (Guo+, 2025)
J/ApJS/277/15 : Binary stars from LRS LAMOST DR10 & Gaia DR3 (Jing+, 2025)
J/ApJS/276/11 : Spectroscopic binaries from LAMOST MRS DR9 (Li+, 2025)
J/A+A/693/A289 : Gaia-ESO survey sp. binaries (Van der Swaelmen+, 2025)
J/ApJS/282/55 : Single-lined sp. binaries from LAMOST DR11 (Ye+, 2026)
http://lamost.org/ : LAMOST homepage
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID
17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [-10/85] Declination (J2000)
30- 71 A42 --- spID LAMOST spectral name (1)
73- 80 I8 --- Epoch [83555758/86021444] Epoch
82- 88 I7 d HJD [2458025/2459737] Heliocentric Julian Date
90- 95 F6.2 --- SNR [10/370] Signal-to-noise ratio
97-103 F7.2 km/s RVel1 [-800/375] Radial velocity of primary component
105-110 F6.2 km/s e_RVel1 [0.4/468] Uncertainty in RVel1
112-118 F7.2 km/s RVel2 [-605/794] Radial velocity of secondary component
120-125 F6.2 km/s e_RVel2 [0.6/707] Uncertainty in RVel2
127-129 I3 --- N [1/111] Number of exposures
131-135 F5.2 mas plx [-4.1/33]? Gaia DR3 parallax
137-141 F5.2 mag Gmag [7/20.6]? Gaia DR3 G-band apparent magnitude
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): LAMOST spectral name is the FITS file name of the spectrum using the
format "med-MMMMM-YYYY_spXX-FFF.fits". Here, "MMMMM" is a
non-negative integer representing the Modified Julian Day, "YYYY" is
the sky region identifier, "XX" is an integer between 1 and 16
denoting the spectrograph number, and "FFF" is an integer between 1
and 250 indicating the fiber number within each spectrograph.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID
17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [-10/85] Declination (J2000)
30- 71 A42 --- spID LAMOST spectral name (1)
73- 80 I8 --- Epoch [83555758/86021444] Epoch
82- 88 I7 d HJD [2458025/2459737] Heliocentric Julian Date
90- 95 F6.2 --- SNR [10/300] Signal-to-noise ratio
97-103 F7.2 km/s RVel1 [-800/558] Radial velocity of primary component
105-111 F7.2 km/s e_RVel1 [0/4911] Uncertainty in RVel1
113-119 F7.2 km/s RVel2 [-696/710] Radial velocity of secondary component
121-127 F7.2 km/s e_RVel2 [0/4596] Uncertainty in RVel2
129-135 F7.2 km/s RVel3 [-503/798] Radial velocity of tertiary component
137-143 F7.2 km/s e_RVel3 [0/6185] Uncertainty in RVel3
145-147 I3 --- N [1/117] Number of exposures
149-154 F6.2 mas plx [-3.91/115]? Gaia DR3 parallax
156-160 F5.2 mag Gmag [8.49/18.8]? Gaia DR3 G-band apparent magnitude
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): LAMOST spectral name is the FITS file name of the spectrum using the
format "med-MMMMM-YYYY_spXX-FFF.fits". Here, "MMMMM" is a
non-negative integer representing the Modified Julian Day, "YYYY" is
the sky region identifier, "XX" is an integer between 1 and 16
denoting the spectrograph number, and "FFF" is an integer between 1
and 250 indicating the fiber number within each spectrograph.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID
17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [-7/71.1] Declination (J2000)
30- 35 F6.2 km/s dRVel [50/224] Difference in maximum apparent radial
velocity
37- 42 F6.2 d Per [0.27/674.2] Orbital period
44- 47 F4.2 --- e [0/0.78] Eccentricity
49- 55 F7.2 km/s K [-155/188] Radial velocity semi-amplitude
57- 61 F5.2 rad omega [-3.14/3.13] Argument of periastron
63- 67 F5.2 rad M0 [-3.13/3.12] Mean anomaly at reference epoch
69- 75 F7.2 km/s v0 [-173/292] Systemic velocity
77- 81 F5.2 mas plx [-0.6/10.4] Gaia DR3 parallax
83- 87 F5.2 mag Gmag [10.14/20.16] Gaia DR3 G-band apparent magnitude
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table6.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID
17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg [4.17/359] Right ascension (J2000)
24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [-6.6/70] Declination (J2000)
30- 35 F6.2 d Per [0.3/197.5] Orbital period
37- 40 F4.2 --- e [0/0.91] Eccentricity
42- 48 F7.2 km/s K1 [-213/1051] Radial velocity semi-amplitude of
primary component
50- 56 F7.2 km/s K2 [-209/1102] Radial velocity semi-amplitude of
secondary component
58- 62 F5.2 rad omega [-3.14/3.1] Argument of periastron
64- 68 F5.2 rad M0 [-3.13/3.1] Mean anomaly at reference epoch
70- 76 F7.2 km/s v0 [-260/78] Systemic velocity
78- 81 F4.2 --- q [0.02/1.16] Mass ratio
83- 86 F4.2 mag Delmag [0/2.5] Magnitude difference
88- 90 A3 --- Type Classification of candidate (1)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Classification as follows:
SB2 = SB2 candidate with orbital period shorter than 200 days;
HT = hierarchical triple star system candidate.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table7.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 15 A15 --- uID LAMOST observation source ID
17- 22 F6.2 deg RAdeg [5.4/359] Right ascension (J2000)
24- 28 F5.2 deg DEdeg [11.7/69] Declination (J2000)
30- 35 F6.2 d Per [202.4/746.3] Orbital period
37- 40 F4.2 --- e [0/0.35] Eccentricity
42- 48 F7.2 km/s K1 [-101/114] Radial velocity semi-amplitude of
primary component
50- 56 F7.2 km/s K2 [-102/118] Radial velocity semi-amplitude of
secondary component
58- 62 F5.2 rad omega [-2.9/2.8] Argument of periastron
64- 68 F5.2 rad M0 [-3/3.11] Mean anomaly at reference epoch
70- 75 F6.2 km/s v0 [-68/60.3] Systemic velocity
77- 80 F4.2 --- q [0.2/1] Mass ratio
82- 85 F4.2 mag Delmag [0/1.4] Magnitude difference
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Acknowledgements:
Kai LI [kaili at sdu.edu.cn]
History:
From electronic version of the journal for Tables 1-6
* Table 7 sent by the author
License: CC-BY-4.0
(End) Prepared by [AAS], Emmanuelle Perret [CDS] 04-Sep-2026