J/MNRAS/454/1086 Study of the COSC Korean astronomical catalogue (Jeon+, 2015)
Study of the star catalogue (epoch AD 1396.0) recorded in ancient Korean
astronomical almanac.
Jeon J., Lee Y.B., Lee Y.-S.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 454, 1086-1104 (2015)>
=2015MNRAS.454.1086J 2015MNRAS.454.1086J (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Historical catalog ; Positional data ; Magnitudes ;
Stars, distances
Keywords: history and philosophy of astronomy - catalogues - astrometry
Abstract:
The study of old star catalogues provides important astrometric data.
Most of the researches based on the old star catalogues were
manuscript published in Europe and from Arabic/Islam. However, the old
star catalogues published in East Asia did not get attention.
Therefore, among the East Asian star catalogues we focus on a
particular catalogue recorded in a Korean almanac. Its catalogue
contains 277 stars that are positioned in a region within 10° of
the ecliptic plane. The stars in the catalogue were identified using
the modern Hipparcos catalogue (Cat. I/239). We identified 274 among
277 stars, which is a rate of 98.9 percent. The catalogue records the
epoch of the stars' positions as AD 1396.0. However, by using all of
the identified stars we found that the initial epoch of the catalogue
is AD 1363.1±3.2. In conclusion, the star catalogue was compiled and
edited from various older star catalogues. We assume a correlation
with the Almagest by Ptolemaios. This study presents newly analysed
results from the historically important astronomical data discovered
in East Asia. Therefore, this star catalogue will become important
data for comparison with the star catalogues published in Europe and
from Arabic/Islam.
Description:
In this paper, we carried out an identification of stars in the COSC
using the modern Hipparcos catalogue (ESA 1997, Cat. I/239). The star
positions in the ecliptic coordinate system in COSC were tabulated
from an initial epoch, and were applied using a precession rate of
4 arcmin 5 yr-1 (48 arcsec/yr). It used a value that is slightly
smaller by about 2.28 arcsec compared with the modern rate of about
50.28 arcsec/yr. The COSC contains a list of 277 stars which were arranged
in ecliptic longitude and latitude from west to east. All of the stars
positions in COSC are arranged within ±10° on an ecliptic plane.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 39 16 The summary of about 15 constellations included
in COSC
tableb.dat 91 277 The COSC's catalogue data
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See also:
I/239 : The Hipparcos and Tycho Catalogues (ESA 1997)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 2 I2 --- Const [1/16] Constellation numeric code
4- 20 A17 --- COSC Constellation name in COSC
(Chiljeongsan-Oepyeon's Star Catalogue)
22- 23 I2 --- Number [3/35] Number of stars comprising the constellation
25- 35 A11 --- Name Constellation modern name
37- 39 A3 --- Fig Figure number in the paper
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tableb.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 3 I3 --- Nm [1/277] Sequence number
5- 6 I2 --- Const [1/16] Constellation numeric code
8- 9 I2 --- Number [1/33]? Star number within the constellation
11- 12 I2 30deg Elon.Z [0/11] Ecliptic longitude in zodiacal sign G (1)
14- 15 I2 deg Elon.d [0/29] Degrees of ecliptic longitude (1)
17- 18 I2 arcmin Elon.m [0/59] Arcminutes of ecliptic longitude (1)
20 A1 --- Elat.- [NS] Ecliptic latitude in sign P (2)
North (+) or South (-)
22 I1 deg Elat.d [0/9] Degrees of ecliptic latitude (2)
24- 25 I2 arcmin Elat.m [0/59] Arcminutes of ecliptic latitude (2)
27 I1 mag mag1 ? Magnitude recorded in the COSC
(Chiljeongsan-Oepyeon's Star Catalogue)
29- 34 I6 --- HIP [145/118268] HIP star number (Cat. I/239)
36- 46 A11 --- Bayer Star name by Bayer (some name corrected by CDS)
48- 51 F4.2 mag mag2 Visual magnitude given in the Hipparcos
catalogue (Cat. I/239)
53- 57 F5.2 mag Dmag Magnitude difference (mag2-mag1)
59- 64 F6.3 deg Dlambda Ecliptic longitude difference
(λHIP-λCOSC) (3)
66- 71 F6.3 deg Dbeta Ecliptic latitude difference
(βHIP-βCOSC) (3)
73- 78 F6.1 arcmin Da1 Angular distance Δa1 of each star by
the average epoch 1362.2, calculated from our
analysis
80- 84 F5.1 arcmin Da2 Angular distance Δa2 according to the
Δepoch of each star
86- 89 I4 yr DEp [1187/1577] The Δepoch corresponding to
the smallest angular distance
91 I1 --- Flag [1/3] Identification standard flag (4)
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Note (1): The ecliptic longitude (for the year AD 1363.1±3.2) is given by:
λ=(Elon.Z*30)+Elon.d+(Elon.m/60)
Note (2): The ecliptic latitude (for the year AD 1363.1±3.2) is given by:
β=Elat.-*(Elon.d+(Elat.m/60))
Note (3): The Δλ and Δβ were calculated by subtracting
the coordinates of COSC from the coordinates of the modern Hipparcos
catalogue (Cat. I/239).
Note (4): Flag as follows:
1 = Perfect identification, angular distance is <60.0 arcmin and magnitude is
Δmag<2.0;
2 = Common identification, angular distance is ≥60.0 arcmin, magnitude is
Δmag≥2.0 and the position was shifted;
3 = The star is searched, but is uncertain; bad position, because too far or
faint and not identified.
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS] 03-Jan-2018