J/MNRAS/502/60 Compact radio sources in the SCORPIO field (Riggi+, 2021)
Evolutionary map of the Universe (EMU): Compact radio sources in the SCORPIO
field towards the galactic plane.
Riggi S., Umana G., Trigilio C., Cavallaro F., Ingallinera A., Leto P.,
Bufano F., Norris R.P., Hopkins A.M., Filipovic M.D., Andernach H.,
van Loon J.T., Michalowski M.J., Bordiu C., An T., Buemi C., Carretti E.,
Collier J.D., Joseph T., Koribalski B.S., Kothes R., Loru S., McConnell D.,
Pommier M., Sciacca E., Schilliro F., Vitello F., Warhurst K., Whiting M.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 502, 60-79 (2021)>
=2021MNRAS.502...60R 2021MNRAS.502...60R (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Radio sources ; Milky Way ; Galactic plane ; Positional data ;
Interferometry ; Infrared
Keywords: techniques: image processing - techniques: interferometric -
catalogues - surveys - Galaxy: general - radio continuum: general
Abstract:
We present observations of a region of the Galactic plane taken during
the Early Science Program of the Australian Square Kilometre Array
Pathfinder (ASKAP). In this context, we observed the SCORPIO field at
912MHz with an uncompleted array consisting of 15 commissioned
antennas. The resulting map covers a square region of ∼40deg2,
centred on (l,b)=(343.5°,0.75°), with a synthesized beam of
24x21arcsec2 and a background rms noise of 150-200µJy/beam,
increasing to 500-600µJy/beam close to the Galactic plane. A total
of 3963 radio sources were detected and characterized in the field
using the CAESAR source finder. We obtained differential source counts
in agreement with previously published data after correction for
source extraction and characterization uncertainties, estimated from
simulated data. The ASKAP positional and flux density scale accuracy
were also investigated through comparison with previous surveys (MGPS,
NVSS) and additional observations of the SCORPIO field, carried out
with ATCA at 2.1GHz and 10arcsec spatial resolution. These allowed us
to obtain a measurement of the spectral index for a subset of the
catalogued sources and an estimated fraction of (at least) 8 per cent
of resolved sources in the reported catalogue. We cross-matched our
catalogued sources with different astronomical data bases to search
for possible counterparts, finding ∼150 associations to known Galactic
objects. Finally, we explored a multiparametric approach for
classifying previously unreported Galactic sources based on their
radio-infrared colours.
Description:
The scorpio field was observed with ASKAP in 2018 January with 15
antennas equipped with the new PAF system version (Mk II) in band 1
(from 792 to 1032MHz). The total surveyed area covers ∼40deg2
centred on l=343.5°, b=0.75°, extending by a factor of ∼4.8
the area surveyed with past scorpio observations done with the
Australian Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) (Umana et al.
2015MNRAS.454..902U 2015MNRAS.454..902U, Cat. J/MNRAS/454/902; Ingallinera et al.
2019MNRAS.490.5063I 2019MNRAS.490.5063I, Cat. J/MNRAS/490/5063).
Compact sources were extracted from the scorpio ASKAP map with the
CAESAR source finder (Riggi et al. 2016MNRAS.460.1486R 2016MNRAS.460.1486R,
2019PASA...36...37R 2019PASA...36...37R) using an iterative flood-fill algorithm in which
the detection threshold is initially set to 5σ and the flooding
threshold to 2.5σ. At each iteration the background and noise
maps are recomputed, excluding the sources found in the previous
iteration and the detection threshold is lowered in steps of
0.5σ. Two iterations were used in this work, corresponding to a
final 4.5σ seed threshold level.
We detected 5663 islands in the map. 5413 of these were selected as
compact source candidates and successfully fitted with a mixture of
Gaussian components. 4144 fitted source components were tagged as
'real' in the final catalogue.
To validate and complement the ASKAP catalogue, we cross-matched it
with the ATCA catalogue and with the catalogues of supplementary radio
(MGPS, NVSS, TGSS, GLEAM) and infrared (AllWISE, GLIMPSE, Hi-GAL)
surveys.
File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
island.dat 362 3963 Catalogue for ASKAP Scorpio source islands
compo.dat 1645 4144 Added-value catalogue for ASKAP Scorpio source
components
tablee2.dat 135 20 List of SIMBAD stellar objects found associated
to ASKAP Scorpio sources
tablee3.dat 104 21 List of pulsars in the ATNF database associated
to ASKAP Scorpio sources
tablee4.dat 152 38 List of HASH PNe associated to ASKAP Scorpio
sources
tablee5.dat 113 67 List of WISE HII regions found associated to
ASKAP Scorpio sources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
See also:
J/ApJ/874/64 : 5GHz TMRT observations of 71 pulsars (Zhao+, 2019)
J/MNRAS/473/4436 : Spectral properties of 441 radio pulsars (Jankowski+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/342/1299 : Parkes Multi-Beam Pulsar Survey. III. (Kramer+, 2003)
J/MNRAS/474/4629 : Polarimetry of 600 pulsars from 1.4GHz obs.
(Johnston+, 2018)
VIII/82 : 2nd Epoch Molonglo Galactic Plane Survey (MGPS-2)
(Murphy+, 2007)
VIII/65 : 1.4GHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) (Condon+ 1998)
J/ApJS/117/361 : PNe in NRAO VLA Sky Survey (Condon+ 1998)
J/A+A/274/895 : Radio observations of South. PN Candidates
(Van de Steene+ 1993)
J/ApJS/212/1 : The WISE catalog of Galactic HII regions (Anderson+, 2014)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: island.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- Name Source island name
10- 30 A21 --- OName Source name in IAU format
(JHHMMSS.sss+DDMMSS.ss)
32- 34 I3 --- Npix Number of pixels in island
36 I1 --- Ncomp Number of fitted components
(=0 if fit not performed or failed)
38 I1 --- Nnest Number of nested sources
40- 47 F8.3 pix x Source x position
49- 55 F7.2 pix y Source y position
57- 64 F8.3 pix xw Source x position weighted by pixel
fluxes
66- 72 F7.2 pix yw Source y position weighted by pixel
fluxes
74- 82 F9.5 deg xwcs Source x sky position
84- 93 F10.6 deg ywcs Source y sky position
95-103 F9.5 deg xwwcs Source x sky position weighted by pixel
fluxes
105-114 F10.6 deg ywwcs Source y sky position weighted by pixel
fluxes
116-119 I4 pix xmin Source pixel min x coordinate
121-124 I4 pix xmax Source pixel max x coordinate
126-129 I4 pix ymin Source pixel min y coordinate
131-134 I4 pix ymax Source pixel max y coordinate
136-144 F9.5 deg xminwcs Source min x sky coordinate
146-154 F9.5 deg xmaxwcs Source max x sky coordinate
156-165 F10.6 deg yminwcs Source min y sky coordinate
167-176 F10.6 deg ymaxwcs Source max y sky coordinate
178-187 F10.8 GHz nu Data frequency from map header
189-202 E14.8 Jy/beam Stot Sum of island pixel brightness
204-215 E12.8 Jy/beam Smax Max pixel brightness in island
217-228 E12.8 Jy S Source fitted flux brightness
(not corrected by beam area)
230-241 E12.8 Jy e_S Error on S
243-251 F9.6 --- Abeam Beam ellipse area
253-265 E13.8 Jy/beam mubkg Background averaged over island pixels
267-278 F12.10 Jy/beam sigrms Background noise averaged over island
pixels
280 I1 --- CType [1/4] Source morphology flag
(1=COMPACT,2=POINT-LIKE, 3=EXTENDED,
4=COMPACT-EXTENDED)
282 I1 --- Sflag [1/3] Sourceness flag
(1=REAL,2=CANDIDATE,3=FAKE)
284 I1 --- Qflag [0/1] Flag indicating if source was
tagged as good (=1) or bad (=0) in
finding process
286 I1 --- Nflag [0/1] Source depth level flag
(nested source if >0)
288 I1 --- fspidx [0/1] Indicates if the source has
spectral index data
290 I1 --- fmult [0/1] isMultiSourceMatchIndex flag
292-295 I4 --- alpha ?=-999 Spectral index
297 I1 --- e_alpha Error on SpIndex
299 I1 --- fspifit isSpectralIndexFit flag
301-304 I4 --- chi2 ?=-999 Source island fit chi-squared
306 I1 --- Ndf Source island degrees of freedom
308-312 I5 --- ClassStrId Matched astro object class string id
314-315 I2 --- ClassId Matched astro object class integer id
(0=UNKNOWN, -1=MULTI-ID, 1=STAR,
2=GALAXY, 3=PN, 6=HII, 23=PULSAR, 24=YSO)
317-318 I2 --- ClassSubId Matched astro object class integer
sub-category id
320 I1 --- fconf Matched astro object flag
(0=CANDIDATE, 1=CONFIRMED)
322 I1 --- fmatch [0/1] Indicates if the source has a
matched object
324-362 A39 --- Namematch Matched astro object name (s)
(separated by semicolons for multiple
matches)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: compo.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 8 A8 --- Name Source island name
10- 12 I3 --- Npix Number of pixels in island
14 I1 --- Comp Component identifier
16- 36 A21 --- OName Component name in IAU fromat
(JHHMMSS.sss+DDMMSS.ss)
38- 45 F8.3 pix x Component x position
47- 53 F7.2 pix y Component y position
55- 64 F10.8 pix e_x Error on x
66- 75 F10.8 pix e_y Error on y
77- 85 F9.5 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
87- 96 F10.6 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
98- 109 E12.8 deg e_RAdeg Error on RAdeg
111- 122 E12.8 deg e_DEdeg Error on DEdeg
124- 133 F10.8 GHz nu Data frequency from map header
135- 146 E12.8 Jy/beam Speak Component peak brightness
148- 159 E12.8 Jy/beam e_Speak Error on Speak
161- 172 E12.8 Jy S Component (corrected) flux density
174- 185 E12.8 Jy e_S Error on S
187- 198 E12.8 Jy/beam Sisland Island flux brightness
200- 211 E12.8 Jy/beam e_Sisland Error on Sisland
213- 222 F10.7 --- a Component ellipse major axis
224- 233 F10.7 --- b Component ellipse minor axis
235- 246 F12.8 deg PA [] Component ellipse position angle
248- 260 F13.10 --- e_a Error on a
262- 273 F12.10 --- e_b Error on b
275- 286 F12.8 deg e_PA Error on PA
288- 296 F9.6 arcsec awcs Component ellipse major axis in J2000
coordinates
298- 306 F9.6 arcsec bwcs Component ellipse minor axis in J2000
coordinates
308- 320 F13.9 deg PAwcs Component ellipse position angle in
J2000 coordinates
322- 334 E13.8 arcsec e_awcs Error on awcs
336- 348 E13.8 arcsec e_bwcs Error on bwcs
350- 363 F14.10 deg e_PAwcs Error on PAwcs
365- 373 F9.6 arcsec awcsdec Component ellipse major axis in J2000
coordinates deconvolved by beam
375- 383 F9.6 arcsec bwcsdec Component ellipse minor axis in J2000
coordinates deconvolved by beam
385- 396 F12.8 deg PAwcsdec Component ellipse position angle in
J2000 coordinates deconvolved by beam
398- 408 F11.9 --- E/Ebeam Ratio of fitted and beam ellipse
eccentricities
410- 419 F10.8 --- A/Abeam Ratio of fitted and beam ellipse
areas
421- 435 F15.10 deg Psi Angle between fitted major axis and
beam major axis
437- 449 E13.8 Jy/beam mubkg Background averaged over island
pixels
451- 462 E12.8 Jy/beam sigrms Background noise averaged over island
pixels
464- 478 F15.10 --- chi2 Source island fit chi-squared
480- 482 I3 --- Ndf Source island degrees of freedom
484 I1 --- Qflag Source fit quality flag
(0=BAD, 1=LOW, 2=MEDIUM, 3=HIGH)
486 I1 --- Sflag Component sourceness flag
(1=REAL, 2=CANDIDATE, 3=FAKE)
488 I1 --- CType Component morphology flag
(1=COMPACT, 2=POINT-LIKE, 3=EXTENDED,
4=COMPACT-EXTENDED)
490- 498 A9 --- NameATCA Name of matched source island in ATCA
full band map
500- 503 I4 --- NpixATCA ?=-999 Number of pixels in ATCA
island
505- 506 I2 --- CompATCA ATCA component identifier
508- 517 F10.5 deg RAATCAdeg ?=-999 Right ascension of the ATCA
component
519- 529 F11.6 deg DEATCAdeg ?=-999 Declination of the ATCA
component
531- 545 E15.8 deg e_RAATCAdeg ?=-999 Error on RAATCAdeg
547- 561 E15.8 deg e_DEATCAdeg ?=-999 Error on DEATCAdeg
563- 577 E15.8 Jy/beam SpeakATCA ?=-999 ATCA component peak brightness
579- 593 E15.8 Jy/beam e_SpeakATCA ?=-999 Error on SpeakATCA
595- 607 E13.8 Jy/beam mubkgATCA Background averaged over ATCA island
pixels
609- 620 E12.8 Jy/beam sigrmsATCA Background noise averaged over ATCA
island pixels
622- 636 E15.8 Jy SATCA ?=-999 ATCA component (corrected)
flux density
638- 652 E15.8 Jy e_SATCA ?=-999 Error on SATCA
654- 668 E15.8 Jy SATCA1 ?=-999 Component (corrected) flux
density for ATCA subband (k=1)
670- 684 E15.8 Jy e_SATCA1 ?=-999 Error on SATCA1
686- 700 E15.8 Jy SATCA2 ?=-999 Component (corrected) flux
density for ATCA subband (k=2)
702- 716 E15.8 Jy e_SATCA2 ?=-999 Error on SATCA2
718- 732 E15.8 Jy SATCA3 ?=-999 Component (corrected) flux
density for ATCA subband (k=3)
734- 748 E15.8 Jy e_SATCA3 ?=-999 Error on SATCA3
750- 764 E15.8 Jy SATCA4 ?=-999 Component (corrected) flux
density for ATCA subband (k=4)
766- 780 E15.8 Jy e_SATCA4 ?=-999 Error on SATCA4
782- 796 E15.8 Jy SATCA5 ?=-999 Component (corrected) flux
density for ATCA subband (k=5)
798- 812 E15.8 Jy e_SATCA5 ?=-999 Error on SATCA5
814- 828 E15.8 Jy SATCA6 ?=-999 Component (corrected) flux
density for ATCA subband (k=6)
830- 844 E15.8 Jy e_SATCA6 ?=-999 Error on SATCA6
846- 860 E15.8 Jy SATCA7 ?=-999 Component (corrected) flux
density for ATCA subband (k=7)
862- 876 E15.8 Jy e_SATCA7 ?=-999 Error on SATCA7
878- 879 I2 --- fmatchATCA ASKAP-ATCA match flag
(-1=BAD/NO-MATCH, 0=UNCERTAIN,
1=SINGLE, 2=DOUBLE)
881- 899 A19 --- NameMGPS Matched source name in MGPS
901- 910 F10.5 deg RAMGPSdeg ?=-999 Right ascension of the MGPS
component
912- 922 F11.6 deg DEMGPSdeg ?=-999 Declination of the MGPS
component
924- 932 F9.4 Jy SMGPS ?=-999 MGPS flux
934- 942 F9.4 Jy e_SMGPS ?=-999 Error on SMGPS
944- 945 I2 --- fmatchMGPS ASKAP-MGPS match flag
947- 959 A13 --- NameNVSS Matched source name in NVSS
961- 970 F10.5 deg RANVSSdeg ?=-999 Right ascension of the NVSS
component
972- 982 F11.6 deg DENVSSdeg ?=-999 Declination of the NVSS
component
984- 992 F9.4 Jy SNVSS ?=-999 NVSS flux
994-1002 E9.4 Jy e_SNVSS ?=-999 Error on SNVSS
1004-1005 I2 --- fmatchNVSS ASKAP-NVSS match flag
1007-1022 A16 --- NameTGSS Matched source name in TGSS
1024-1033 F10.5 deg RATGSSdeg ?=-999 Right ascension of the TGSS
component
1035-1044 F10.5 deg DETGSSdeg ?=-999 Declination of the TGSS
component
1046-1054 F9.4 Jy STGSS ?=-999 TGSS flux
1056-1064 F9.4 Jy e_STGSS ?=-999 Error on STGSS
1066-1067 I2 --- fmatchTGSS ASKAP-TGSS match flag
1069-1082 A14 --- NameGLEAM Matched source name in GLEAM
1084-1091 F8.3 deg RAGLEAMdeg ?=-999 Right ascension of the GLEAM
component
1093-1101 F9.4 deg DEGLEAMdeg ?=-999 Declination of the GLEAM
component
1103-1113 F11.6 Jy SGLEAM ?=-999 GLEAM flux
1115-1126 F12.7 Jy e_SGLEAM ?=-999 Error on SGLEAM
1128-1129 I2 --- fmatchGLEAM ASKAP-GLEAM match flag
1131-1143 F13.8 arcsec Dist ?=-999 Distance (r<24") between ASKAP
and matched AllWISE source
1145-1163 A19 --- NameWISE Matched source name in AllWISE
1165-1174 F10.5 deg RAWISEdeg ?=-999 Right ascension of the AllWISE
component
1176-1186 F11.6 deg DEWISEdeg ?=-999 Declination of the AllWISE
component
1188-1202 E15.8 Jy SWISE1 ?=-999 AllWISE flux in the W1-band
1204-1218 E15.8 Jy e_SWISE1 ?=-999 Error on SWISE1
1220-1234 E15.8 Jy SWISE2 ?=-999 AllWISE flux in the W2-band
1236-1250 E15.8 Jy e_SWISE2 ?=-999 Error on SWISE2
1252-1266 E15.8 Jy SWISE3 ?=-999 AllWISE flux in the W3-band
1268-1282 E15.8 Jy e_SWISE3 ?=-999 Error on SWISE3
1284-1298 F15.10 Jy SWISE4 ?=-999 AllWISE flux in the W4-band
1300-1314 E15.8 Jy e_SWISE4 ?=-999 Error on SWISE4
1316-1330 E15.8 Jy S2MASSJ ?=-999 2MASS source flux in the
J-band
1332-1346 E15.8 Jy e_S2MASSJ ?=-999 Error on S2MASSJ
1348-1362 E15.8 Jy S2MASSH ?=-999 2MASS source flux in the
H-band
1364-1378 E15.8 Jy e_S2MASSH ?=-999 Error on S2MASSH
1380-1394 E15.8 Jy S2MASSK ?=-999 2MASS source flux in the
K-band
1396-1410 E15.8 Jy e_S2MASSK ?=-999 Error on S2mASSK
1412-1428 A17 --- NameGLIMPSE Matched source name in GLIMPSE
1430-1439 F10.5 deg RAGLIMPSEdeg ?=-999 Right ascension of the GLIMPSE
component
1441-1451 F11.6 deg DEGLIMPSEdeg ?=-999 Declination of the GLIMPSE
component
1453-1461 E9.6 Jy SGLIMPSE ?=-0.999 GLIMPSE 8um flux
1463-1471 E9.6 Jy e_SGLIMPSE ?=-0.999 Error on SGLIMPSE
1473-1494 A22 --- NameHiGAL Matched source name in Hi-GAL
1496-1505 F10.5 deg RAHiGALdeg ?=-999 Right ascension of the Hi-GAL
component
1507-1517 F11.6 deg DEHiGALdeg ?=-999 Declination of the Hi-GAL
component
1519-1529 F11.6 Jy SHiGAL ?=-999 Hi-GAL 70um flux
1531-1538 F8.3 Jy e_SHiGAL ?=-999 Error on SHiGAL
1540 I1 --- fres Resolved flag
(0=POINT-SOURCE, 1=RESOLVED,
2=ATCA-RESOLVED)
1542-1556 F15.10 --- alpha ?=-999 Spectral index
1558-1571 F14.9 --- e_alpha ?=-999 Error on alpha
1573-1587 E15.8 --- chi2SED ?=-999 Radio spectrum fit chi-squared
1589 I1 --- NdfSED Radio spectrum fit degrees of freedom
1591 I1 --- frobfit Spectral data fit flag
(0=STANDARD, 1=ROBUST)
1593-1597 I5 --- ClassStrId Matched astro object class string id
1599-1600 I2 --- ClassId Matched astro object class integer id
(0=UNKNOWN, -1=MULTI-ID, 1=STAR,
2=GALAXY, 3=PN, 6=HII, 23=PULSAR,
24=YSO)
1602-1603 I2 --- ClassSubId Matched astro object class integer
sub-category id
1605 I1 --- fconf Matched astro object flag
(0=CANDIDATE, 1=CONFIRMED)
1607-1645 A39 --- Namematch Matched astro object name (s)
(separated by semicolons for multiple
matches)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee2.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- EMUES Source name following EMU IAU-approved
convention EMU ES (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
18- 25 A8 --- Name Source island name
27 I1 --- Comp Component identifier
29- 43 A15 --- Type Spectral type or object classification (1)
45 A1 --- f_Type Flag on Type (2)
47- 75 A29 --- OName Object name as reported in SIMBAD
77 I1 --- fconf Indicates if the object is confirmed (=1) or a
candidate (=0)
79- 86 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
88- 95 F8.4 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
97- 99 F3.1 arcsec Dist Distance between the object and ASKAP measured
source positions
101-106 F6.2 mJy S912 Source flux density at 912MHz
108-112 F5.2 mJy e_S912 Error on S912
114-119 F6.2 mJy S2100 ? Source flux density at 2.1GHz
121-124 F4.2 mJy e_S2100 ? Error on S2100
126-130 F5.2 --- alpha ? Spectral index (3)
132-135 F4.2 --- e_alpha ? Error on alpha (3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Missing entries are generically classified as 'star' in SIMBAD
Note (2): Flag as follows:
a = This source matches also with a candidate PN (Pre 38)
b = This source matches also with a confirmed PN (PM 1-131)
c = This source matches also with a confirmed HII region (G341.314+00.190)
d = This source matches also with a confirmed HII region (G346.056-00.020)
e = This source matches also with a confirmed HII region (G347.921-00.763)
Note (3): Measured spectral index and its error obtained from ASKAP, ATCA, NVSS
and MGPS data (when available)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee3.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- EMUES Source name following EMU IAU-approved
convention EMU ES (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
18- 22 A5 --- Name Source island name
24 I1 --- Comp Component identifier
26- 35 A10 --- OName Object name as reported in the ATNF
database
37 A1 --- f_OName Flag on OName (1)
39- 46 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
48- 55 F8.4 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
57- 59 F3.1 arcsec Dist Distance between the ATNF pulsar database
position and the ASKAP source centroid
61- 65 F5.2 mJy S912 Source flux density at 912MHz
67- 70 F4.2 mJy e_S912 Error on S912
72- 75 F4.2 mJy S2100 ? Source flux density at 2.1GHz
77- 80 F4.2 mJy e_S2100 ? Error on S2100
82- 86 F5.2 --- alphaATNF ? Spectral index reported in the ATNF
database αANTF (2)
88- 91 F4.2 --- e_alphaATNF ? Error on alphaATNF (2)
93- 97 F5.2 --- alpha ? Spectral index measured using ASKAP, ATCA
and literature data α (3)
99-102 F4.2 --- e_alpha ? Error on alpha (3)
104 A1 --- f_alpha Flag on alpha (4)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flag as follows:
a = Alternative name: J1707-4053
c = Alternative name: J1651-4246
d = Alternative name: J1717-4054
Note (2): αATNF is taken from measurements at 5GHz (Zhao et al.
2019ApJ...874...64Z 2019ApJ...874...64Z, Cat. J/ApJ/874/64) 728, 1382 and 3100MHz
(Jankowski et al. 2018MNRAS.473.4436J 2018MNRAS.473.4436J, Cat. J/MNRAS/473/4436) and
1.4GHz (Han et al. 2016RAA....16..159H 2016RAA....16..159H)
Note (3): α is taken from measurements at 0.8, 1.4 and 3.0GHz reported in
the ATNF catalogue (Jankowski et al. 2018MNRAS.473.4436J 2018MNRAS.473.4436J, Cat.
J/MNRAS/473/4436; Kramer et al. 2003MNRAS.342.1299K 2003MNRAS.342.1299K, Cat.
J/MNRAS/342/1299; Johnston and Kerr 2018MNRAS.474.4629J 2018MNRAS.474.4629J, Cat.
J/MNRAS/474/4629; Johnston et al. 1992MNRAS.255..401J 1992MNRAS.255..401J)
Note (4): Flag as follows:
b = Spectral index not estimated as the ASKAP flux is including flux from a
neighbor background source that cannot be properly accounted as in ATCA
map
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- EMUES Source name following EMU IAU-approved
convention EMU ES (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
18- 22 A5 --- Name Source island name
24 I1 --- Comp Component identifier
26- 45 A20 --- OName Object name as reported in the HASH catalogue
47 A1 --- f_OName Flag on OName (1)
49 I1 --- fconf Indicates if the object is confirmed (=1) or a
candidate (=0)
51- 58 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000)
60- 67 F8.4 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000)
69- 71 F3.1 arcsec Dist Position offset between the HASH PN and the
ASKAP source
73- 76 F4.1 arcsec Diam ? PN major diameter in arcsec as reported in
the database
78- 83 F6.2 mJy S912 Source flux density at 912MHz (ASKAP)
85- 89 F5.2 mJy e_S912 Error on S912
91- 96 F6.2 mJy S843 ? Source flux density at 843MHz (2)
98-101 F4.2 mJy e_S843 ? Error on S843 (2)
103-107 F5.2 mJy S1400 ? Source flux density at 1.4GHz (3)
109-112 F4.2 mJy e_S1400 ? Error on S1400 (3)
114-118 F5.2 mJy S2100 ? Source flux density at 2.1GHz (ATCA)
120-123 F4.2 mJy e_S2100 ? Error on S2100
125 A1 --- f_S2100 Flag on S2100 (4)
127-132 F6.2 mJy S4800 ? Source flux density at 4.8GHz (5)
134-137 F4.2 mJy e_S4800 ? Error on S4800 (5)
139 A1 --- f_S4800 Flag on S4800 (6)
141-145 F5.2 --- alpha ? Spectral index or from ASKAP, ATCA and
literature data
147-150 F4.2 --- e_alpha ? Error on alpha
152 A1 --- f_alpha Flag on alpha (7)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flag as follows:
b = PHR J1654-4143 associated to a two-component island in both ASKAP and
ATCA maps. The flux considered for the spectral index is the sum of
both components.
e = This source matches also with a candidate YSO (2MASS J17122205-4230414)
f = This source matches also with a confirmed star (IRAS 16534-4123)
Note (2): Flux density and error at 843MHz reported in the HASH catalogue and
taken with the MOST (Murphy et al. 2007MNRAS.382..382M 2007MNRAS.382..382M, Cat. VIII/82)
Note (3): Flux density and error at 1.4GHz reported in the HASH catalogue and
obtained with the VLA (Condon et al. 1998AJ....115.1693C 1998AJ....115.1693C,
Cat. VIII/65; Condon and Kaplan 1998ApJS..117..361C 1998ApJS..117..361C, Cat.
J/ApJS/117/361).
Note (4): Flag as follows:
c = MGE 343.6641+00.9584 and MGE 344.1648+00.2733 PN candidates are detected
and resolved in ATCA observations at 2.1GHz. We did not report the flux
density measurements in the Table.
Note (5): Flux density and error at 4.8GHz reported in the HASH catalogue and
obtained with ATCA (van de Steene and Pottasch 1993A&A...274..895V 1993A&A...274..895V,
Cat. J/A+A/274/895)
Note (6): Flag as follows:
d = This flux measurement was obtained with Parkes at a reference frequency
of 5000MHz (Milne and Aller 1982A&AS...50..209M 1982A&AS...50..209M). No flux error is
provided in the reference paper. The spectral index fit was thus
performed assuming no flux errors in all measurements. An additional
flux measurement (S=117mJy) obtained with Parkes at 14.7GHz (Milne and
Aller 1982A&AS...50..209M 1982A&AS...50..209M) is reported in the HASH catalogue but not
shown in the Table and not included in the fit.
Note (7): Flag as follows:
a = IRAS 16515-4050 radio spectrum cannot be well described by a single
power-law model and was fitted with a thermal free-free emission model
(see text)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablee5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 16 A16 --- EMUES Source name following EMU IAU-approved
convention EMU ES (JHHMMSS.s+DDMMSS)
18- 25 A8 --- Name Source island name
27 I1 --- Comp Component identifier
29- 43 A15 --- OName Object name as reported in the WISE catalogue
(GLLL.lll+BB.bbb)
45 A1 --- f_OName Flag on OName (1)
47 I1 --- fconf Indicates if the object is confirmed (=1) or a
candidate (=0)
49- 56 F8.4 deg RAdeg Right ascension (J2000) from Anderson et al.
(2014ApJS..212....1A 2014ApJS..212....1A, Cat. J/ApJS/212/1)
58- 65 F8.4 deg DEdeg Declination (J2000) from Anderson et al.
(2014ApJS..212....1A 2014ApJS..212....1A, Cat. J/ApJS/212/1)
67- 70 F4.1 arcsec Dist Distance between WISE position and source
centroid
72- 74 I3 arcsec Rad Radius of the HII region as reported in the
WISE catalogue
76- 81 F6.2 mJy S912 Source flux density at 912MHz
83- 87 F5.2 mJy e_S912 Error on S912
89- 93 F5.2 mJy S2100 ? Source flux density at 2.1GHz
95- 98 F4.2 mJy e_S2100 ? Error on S2100
100 A1 --- f_S2100 Flag on S2100 (2)
102-106 F5.2 mJy alpha ? Spectral index from ASKAP, ATCA and
literature data
108-111 F4.2 mJy e_alpha ? Error on alpha
113 A1 --- f_alpha Flag on alpha (3)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flag as follows:
e = This ASKAP source includes flux from a nearby more compact HII region
(G344.989-00.269) that cannot be deblended. Both sources are observed
in ATCA. No ATCA fluxes are reported for this source.
h = This source matches also with a confirmed star (IRAS 16472-4401)
i = This source matches also with a confirmed star (2MASS J17074166-4031240)
j = This source matches also with a confirmed star (Cl* NGC 6318 PCA 7229)
Note (2): Flag as follows:
a = ATCA source has two components. Their fluxes were summed up to compute
the spectral index.
e = This ASKAP source includes flux from a nearby more compact HII region
(G344.989-00.269) that cannot be deblended. Both sources are observed
in ATCA. No ATCA fluxes are reported for this source.
f = This ASKAP source includes flux from a nearby point-source (visible in
ATCA) that cannot be deblended. Matching source in ATCA data has a
relatively extended morphology that cannot be properly fitted with a
gaussian model.
g = Matching source in ATCA data has a relatively extended morphology that
cannot be properly fitted with a gaussian model
Note (3): Flag as follows:
b = Spectral index value obtained with noisy ATCA subband measurements
c = Spectral index value not reported as not reliable (e.g. high fit
χ2 due to noisy ATCA subband measurements)
d = ASKAP flux potentially unreliable. Spectral index estimated using ATCA
data only.
k = Spectral index obtained using MGPS and NVSS data
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Ana Fiallos [CDS] 23-Oct-2023