J/MNRAS/511/572 High-redshift Ultraluminous QSOs with SMSS DR3 (Onken+, 2022)
Ultraluminous high-redshift quasars from SkyMapper - II. New quasars and
the bright end of the luminosity function.
Onken C.A., Wolf C., Bian F., Fan X., Hon W.J., Raithel D., Tisserand P.,
Lai S.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 511, 572-594 (2022)>
=2022MNRAS.511..572O 2022MNRAS.511..572O (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: QSOs ; Active gal. nuclei ; Galaxies ; Redshifts ; Photometry ;
Spectroscopy ; Optical ; Infrared ; Ultraviolet ;
Magnitudes, absolute
Keywords: galaxies: active - quasars: general - early Universe
Abstract:
We search for ultraluminous Quasi-Stellar Objects (QSOs) at high
redshift using photometry from the SkyMapper Southern Survey Data
Release 3 (DR3), in combination with 2MASS, VHS DR6, VIKING DR5,
AllWISE, and CatWISE2020, as well as parallaxes and proper motions
from Gaia DR2 and eDR3. We report 142 newly discovered Southern QSOs
at 3.8 < z < 5.5, of which 126 have M145 < -27 AB mag and are found
in a search area of 14486 deg2. This Southern sample, utilizing the
Gaia astrometry to offset wider photometric colour criteria, achieves
unprecedented completeness for an ultraluminous QSO search at high
redshift. In combination with already known QSOs, we construct a
sample that is >80 per cent complete for M145 < -27.33 AB mag at
z = 4.7 and for M145 < -27.73 AB mag at z = 5.4. We derive the bright
end of the QSO luminosity function at rest frame 145 nm for z = 4.7-5.4
and measure its slope to be β = -3.60 ± 0.37 and
β = -3.38 ± 0.32 for two different estimates of the faint-end
QSO density adopted from the literature. We also present the first
z ∼ 5 QSO luminosity function at rest frame 300 nm.
Description:
In this paper, we extend the search with SMSS DR3, reaching deeper in
magnitude and lower in Galactic latitude, and purify the selection by
adding JHK photometry from VHS and the VIKING Survey, filling in data
from the shallower 2 Micron All-Sky Survey where needed. We present
the results of our spectroscopic follow-up of candidates down to
zPSF ≃ 19 AB mag. We examine our evolving selection criteria in
light of known high-redshift QSOs in the Southern sky and suggest
selection rules going forward. We compare the results of our search to
previous campaigns in the Northern sky, and provide an update to the
bright end of the high-redshift QSO luminosity function in the often
quoted rest frame 145-nm band. Finally, we present, for the first
time, direct measurements for the bright end of the luminosity
function at rest frame 300 nm, (i.e see section Introduction).
For searching areas and data sources (i.e see section 2), we work from
SMSS DR3 list and using position-based cross-matches to other
large-area surveys, such as those from Gaia, WISE, and VISTA. Next, we
select our sample of ultraluminous QSOs candidiates (i.e see section
3) by constructing by detailed list of photometric constraints and
redshifts ranges (i.e see section 3.3 QSO selection criteria).
Additionnaly, we have recorded spectra of our retained ultraluminous
QSOs candidiates sample (i.e with WiFeS spectrograph described in
Dopita et al. 2010Ap&SS.327..245D 2010Ap&SS.327..245D; also see section 4 from our work).
Thus the tables table1-3.dat report basic spectroscopic and
photometric informations of 142 newly identified high-redshift QSOs,
split into three redshift ranges. These ones will used shortly to
construct the luminosity functions studied in the dedicated section 5.
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table1.dat 107 58 List of newly discovered QSOs with redshifts
between 3.8 ≤ z < 4.4
table2.dat 107 52 List of newly discovered QSOs with redshifts
between 4.4 ≤ z < 4.7
table3.dat 107 32 List of newly discovered QSOs with redshifts
between 4.7 ≤ z < 5.5
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See also:
I/350 : Gaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration, 2020)
I/345 : Gaia DR2 (Gaia Collaboration, 2018)
II/358 : SkyMapper Southern Sky Survey. DR1.1 (Wolf+, 2018)
II/379 : SkyMapper Southern Sky Survey. DR4 (Onken+, 2024)
II/343 : VIKING catalogue data release 2 (Edge+, 2016)
II/367 : The VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) catalog DR5 (McMahon+, 2020)
J/AJ/155/131 : z∼5 quasar luminosity function from the CFHTLS (McGreer+, 2018)
J/ApJ/829/33 : Luminous of high-z QSOs with SDSS and WISE. II (Yang+, 2016)
II/349 : The Pan-STARRS release 1 (PS1) Survey - DR1 (Chambers+, 2016)
II/246 : 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)
II/365 : The CatWISE2020 catalog (updated version 28-Jan-2021)
(Marocco+, 2021)
J/ApJ/887/268 : Bright QSOs in Southern Hemisphere (QUBRICS) (Calderone+, 2019)
J/ApJ/829/33 : Luminous of high-z QSOs with SDSS and WISE. II (Yang+, 2016)
J/ApJS/243/5 : The ELQS in the PS1 footprint (PS-ELQS) (Schindler+, 2019)
https://skymapper.anu.edu.au : SkyMapper home for catalogs
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat table2.dat table3.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 A19 --- SMSS SkyMapper Southern Survey designation of
the form SMSS Jhhmmss.ss±ddmmss.s derived
from mean ICRS coordinates (SMSSID)
21- 24 F4.2 --- z Redshift from SMSS and specta see section 4
(Redshift)
26- 31 F6.3 mag RPmag Integrated RP mean magnitude (Vega) from
Gaia eDR3 Gaia Collaboration
2021A&A...649A...1G 2021A&A...649A...1G, Cat. I/350 (Rp)
33- 37 F5.2 mag zPSFmag Weighted mean z-band PSF magnitude (AB)
(zPSF)
39- 43 F5.2 mag Hmag Near-Infrared H from VHS DR6 and VIKING DR5
catalogs (Vega) (H)
45- 48 F4.2 mag W1mag Mid-Infrared W1 from CatWISE catalog (Vega)
(W1)
50- 54 F5.2 mag W2mag Mid-Infrared W2 from CatWISE catalog (Vega)
(W2)
56- 59 F4.2 mag W1-W2 W1-W2 colour index from CatWISE catalog
(Vega) (W1-W2)
61- 66 F6.2 mag M145Mag QSO absolute magnitude at rest frame 145 nm
(AB) as exposed in the section 4.4
Estimation of M145 and M300 (M145)
68- 73 F6.2 mag M300Mag QSO absolute magnitude at rest frame 300 nm
(AB) as exposed in the section 4.4
Estimation of M145 and M300 (M300)
75- 84 A10 "Y:M:D" ObsDate Date of the first spectrum taken by our
team see section Appendix A for spectrum
(Epoch)
86- 107 A22 --- Comments Comment refering to non-standard observing
setups or unusual properties
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Luc Trabelsi [CDS] 16-Jan-2025