J/MNRAS/516/2947 ASKAP radio in GAMA galaxies at 0.42 < z < 1.00 (Su+, 2022)
FLASH pilot survey detections of associated 21 cm H I absorption in GAMA
galaxies at 0.42 < z < 1.00.
Su R., Sadler E.M., Allison J.R., Mahony E.K., Moss V.A., Whiting M.T.,
Yoon H., Aditya J.N.H.S., Bellstedt S., Robotham A.S.G.,
Garratt-smithson L., Gu M., Koribalski B.S., Soria R., Weng S.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 516, 2947-2970 (2022)>
=2022MNRAS.516.2947S 2022MNRAS.516.2947S (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Galaxies ; Radio sources ; Radio continuum ; Active gal. nuclei ;
H I data ; Spectroscopy ; Positional data ;
Cross identifications ; Redshifts ; Optical ; Spectral types ;
Photometry, infrared ; Morphology
Keywords: methods: observational - galaxies: active - galaxies: ISM -
galaxies: nuclei - radio lines: ISM
Abstract:
We present the results of a search for associated 21 cm HI absorption
at redshift 0.42 < z < 1.00 in radio-loud galaxies from three Galaxy
And Mass Assembly (GAMA) survey fields. These observations were
carried out as part of a pilot survey for the Australian SKA
Pathfinder (ASKAP) First Large Absorption Survey in HI (FLASH). From a
sample of 326 radio sources with 855.5 MHz peak flux density above 10
mJy, we detected two associated HI absorption systems, in SDSS
J090331+010847 at z = 0.522 and SDSS J113622+004852 at z = 0.563. Both
galaxies are massive (stellar mass > 1011 M☉) and have optical
spectra characteristic of luminous red galaxies, though spectral
energy distribution fitting implies that SDSS J113622+004852 contains
a dust-obscured starburst with star formation rate ∼ 69
M☉.yr-1. The HI absorption lines have a high optical depth,
with τpk of 1.77 ± 0.16 for SDSS J090331+010847 (the highest
value for any z > 0.1 associated system found to date) and 0.14 ± 0.01
for SDSS J113622+004852. In the redshift range probed by our ASKAP
observations, the detection rate for associated HI absorption lines
(with τpk > 0.1 and at least 3σ significance) is
2.9+9.7-2.6 per cent. Although the current sample is small, this
rate is consistent with a trend seen in other studies for a lower
detection rate of associated 21 cm HI absorption systems at higher
redshift. We also searched for OH absorption lines at 0.67 < z < 1.34,
but no detection was made in the 145 radio sources searched.
Description:
We present the results of a search for associated H I absorption at
0.42 < z < 1.00 in the three equatorial GAMA fields using data from
the pilot FLASH survey and ASKAP radio observations. We took the Ching
et al. (2017MNRAS.464.1306C 2017MNRAS.464.1306C, Cat. J/MNRAS/464/1306) catalogue as a
starting point for our study, but also used radio continuum data from
our own FLASH observations to carry out additional radio-optical
cross-matching. We carry out ASKAP obsevations and data reductions in
6 sub-GAMA fields (i.e section 3).
Described in section 4, we proceed to sources selections and sorting
via cross-matched, morphologic, spectroscopic and photometric criteria
which give rise to two source groups, the first of 326 radio sources
(containing 403 askap radio components) of extended and compact
sources as suitable for associated H I absorption and thus searching
for radio properties (if there was a radio component at the position
of the optical galaxy), observations and counterparts informations are
available in table4.dat. While, 73 extended sources (143 askap radio
components) were excluded because no radio components are matched in
optical positions, informations are available in tablea1.dat.
For the selected 326 radio sources, we provide a full set of physical
properties in table5.dat as spectral indices, integrated fluxes from
spectra analysis, rest frame radio luminosity, IR counterparts,
spectral types and morphologies, optical depth and HI column density,
(i.e see computations and analysis details in sections 4 & 5).
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe 80 . This file
table4.dat 120 403 326 Radio sources in 0.42 < z < 1.0 with optical
counterparts and S855.5 => 10mJy in GAMA fields
table5.dat 178 326 Physical and observational properties of our
selected 326 radio sources
tablea1.dat 118 143 *73 extended radio sources in 0.42 < z < 1.0
and S855.5 => 10mJy that were excluded
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Note on tablea1.dat: Sources excluded from our H I absorption search based on
their radio properties. As explained in section 4.1, we visually inspected all
these sources in FIRST images and classified them as either 'compact' or
'extended' (including multicomponent sources). The 'extended' sources were
considered as suitable for associated H I absorption searching if there was a
radio component at the position of the optical galaxy, otherwise they were
excluded.
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See also:
J/MNRAS/464/1306 : LARGESS survey (Ching+, 2017)
J/MNRAS/413/971 : Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) DR1 (Driver+, 2011)
J/MNRAS/452/2087 : Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): DR2 (Liske+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/452/217 : HI cosmological mass density at z=5 (Crighton+, 2015)
J/MNRAS/440/696 : HI absorption in nearby radio galaxies (Allison+, 2014)
J/MNRAS/476/875 : xGASS catalog (Catinella+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/342/738 : HI Jodrell All Sky Survey (Lang+, 2003)
J/MNRAS/435/650 : 325MHz GMRT survey of Herschel-ATLAS/GAMA fields
(Mauch+, 2013)
J/MNRAS/473/1879 : VVDS14h redshift catalog (Rhee+, 2018)
J/MNRAS/474/3875 : Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA): DR3 (Baldry+, 2018)
J/A+A/547/L1 : SDSS-III DR9 DLA catalogue (Noterdaeme+, 2012)
J/A+A/647/A63 : 4C52.37 and 3C 293 parsec-scale HI outflows (Schulz+, 2021)
J/A+A/604/A43 : HI in nearby radio sources (Maccagni+, 2017)
J/A+A/575/A44 : HI absorption in flux-selected radio AGNs (Gereb+, 2015)
J/A+A/585/A41 : EBHIS spectra and HI column density maps (Winkel+, 2016)
J/A+A/595/A118 : NIBLES. I. The Nancay HI survey (van Driel+, 2016)
J/A+A/598/A78 : The GMRT 150MHz all-sky radio survey (Intema+, 2017)
J/ApJS/255/28 : ∼420MHz uGMRT obs. of MIR selected radio-loud AGN
(Gupta+, 2021)
J/ApJS/245/3 : HI 21cm and OH 18cm absorption search with the GBT
(Grasha+, 2019)
J/ApJS/238/14 : 21-SPONGE HI Absorption Line Survey. I. (Murray+, 2018)
J/ApJS/97/347 : Source Catalog, PMN Equatorial Survey (Griffith+ 1995)
J/AJ/151/74 : VLA/VLBA obscured radio-loud active galactic nuclei
(Yan+, 2016)
VIII/38 : The Parkes-MIT-NRAO 4.85GHz (PMN) Surveys
(Griffith+ 1993-1996)
VIII/65 : 1.4GHz NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) (Condon+ 1998)
VIII/100 : GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky MWA survey
(Hurley-Walker+, 2016)
VIII/92 : The FIRST Survey Catalog, Version 2014Dec17 (Helfand+ 2015)
V/147 : The SDSS Photometric Catalogue, Release 12 (Alam+, 2015)
II/335 : Revised catalog of GALEX UV sources (GUVcat_AIS GR6+7)
(Bianchi+ 2017)
II/328 : AllWISE Data Release (Cutri+ 2013)
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table4.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 20 A20 --- ID Island identifier designation (Island_ID) (1)
22- 23 I2 h RAISh Right ascension of the island (J2000)
25- 26 I2 min RAISm Right ascension of the island (J2000)
28- 31 F4.1 s RAISs Right ascension of the island (J2000)
33 A1 --- DEIS- Declination sign of the island (J2000)
34- 35 I2 deg DEISd Declination of the island (J2000)
37- 38 I2 arcmin DEISm Declination of the island (J2000)
40- 44 F5.2 arcsec DEISs Declination of the island (J2000)
46 A1 --- CompID Component designation within each island
(Comp_ID)
48- 49 I2 h RAh Right ascension of the component (J2000)
51- 52 I2 min RAm Right ascension of the component (J2000)
54- 57 F4.1 s RAs Right ascension of the component (J2000)
59 A1 --- DE- Declination sign of the component (J2000)
60- 61 I2 deg DEd Declination of the component (J2000)
63- 64 I2 arcmin DEm Declination of the component (J2000)
66- 70 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination of the component (J2000)
72- 77 F6.1 mJy/beam S855.5 Peak flux density at 855.5 MHz from ASKAP
observations of GAMA fields
(Peakfluxdensity)
79- 98 A20 --- SDSS SDSS designation name from photometric
catalogue DR12 (SDSS_ID)
100-104 F5.3 --- z Optical redshift of the host galaxy of each
radio source (Redshift)
106-110 A5 --- r_z Literature reference of z (Redshift_origin)
(2)
112-114 A3 --- Flag [yes/no ] Indicates if the optical source is
in LARGESS Ching's catalog, yes for 329
sources and no for 74 sources (In_ching2017)
116-120 F5.2 arcsec Sep Angular separation between island coordinates
and optical coordinates (Separation)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The data pipeline CASDA scheduled block identifications (SBID)
assigned to each observation as SB 13273, SB 13283, SB 13285,
SB 13334, SB 13335, SB 13336. Name are then SBXXXXXislandNNNN.
For island associations of one or more Gaussian components belonging
to the same source as described by Whiting & Humphreys
2012PASA...29..371W 2012PASA...29..371W.
Note (2): Literature reference of z as follows:
Ching = LARGESS from Ching et al. 2017MNRAS.464.1306C 2017MNRAS.464.1306C,
Cat. J/MNRAS/464/1306, 57 sources in our sample
GAMA = GAMA Galaxy Survey from Driver et al. 2011MNRAS.413..971D 2011MNRAS.413..971D,
Cat. J/MNRAS/413/971 and Liske et al. 2015MNRAS.452.2087L 2015MNRAS.452.2087L,
Cat. J/MNRAS/452/2087, 141 sources in our sample
NED = NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database,
(http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/) 11 sources in our sample
SDSS = SDSS DR12 survey from Alam et al. 2015ApJS..219...12A 2015ApJS..219...12A,
Cat. V/147, 194 sources in our sample
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Byte-by-byte Description of file: table5.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 20 A20 --- SDSS SDSS designation name from optical
photometric catalogue DR12 (SDSS_ID)
22- 28 F7.5 --- z Optical redshift of the host galaxy
of each radio source (Redshift)
30- 36 F7.2 Mpc DL Distance luminosity (D)
38- 43 F6.1 mJy FNVSS NVSS integrated flux density
(SNVSS)
45- 51 F7.2 mJy FASKAP ASKAP integrated flux density
(SASKAP)
53- 57 F5.2 [W/Hz] log(L1.4GHz) Rest-frame radio power at 1.4GHz
from with FASKAP (log10L1.4GHz)
59- 63 F5.2 --- alpha Spectral index at 855.5-1400MHz
calculated from the NVSS and ASKAP
flux densities
65- 70 F6.3 mag W1mag ? W1 apparent magnitude from
allWISE of Cat. II/328 (W1)
72- 76 F5.3 mag e_W1mag ? Mean uncertainty of W1mag (errW1)
78- 83 F6.3 mag W2mag ? W2 apparent magnitude from
allWISE Cat. II/328 (W2)
85- 89 F5.3 mag e_W2mag ? Mean uncertainty of W2mag (errW2)
91 A1 --- l_W3mag Lower limit flag of W3mag
93- 98 F6.3 mag W3mag ? W3 apparent magnitude from
allWISE of Cat. II/328 (W3)
100-104 F5.3 mag e_W3mag ? Mean uncertainty of W3mag (errW3)
106-110 F5.2 [s-1] log(QHI) Ionizing photon rate (log10QHI)
112-118 A7 --- Type Activity type reported by Ching et
al. 2017MNRAS.464.1306C 2017MNRAS.464.1306C,
Cat. J/MNRAS/464/1306 (Type) (1)
120-122 A3 --- Morph Radio morphology classification
based on our visual inspection of
FIRST images (Structure) (2)
124-127 A4 --- Field GAMA observation fields (Field) (3)
129-133 I5 --- SBID Indicates the SBID from which we
extracted each spectrum (SBID) (4)
135-139 F5.2 mJy RMS RMS spectral noise in a single
18.5 kHz ASKAP channel
(in mJy/channel) (rms)
141 A1 --- l_tau Upper limit flag of tau for
3σ limit based on RMS
spectral noise values in assigned
143-147 F5.3 --- tau ? Peak optical depth of the H I
absorption line as in equation 2
of section 5.3.1 (τpk)
149-153 F5.2 --- E_tau ? Upper error of tau
155-159 F5.2 --- e_tau ? Lower error of tau
161 A1 --- l_log(NHI) Upper limit flag of the estimated
H I column density log(NHI) for
non detections in HI
163-167 F5.2 [cm-2] log(NHI) ? Logarithm of HI column density
(log10NHI) (5)
169-173 F5.2 [cm-2] E_log(NHI) ? Upper error of log (NHI)
175-178 F4.2 [cm-2] e_log(NHI) ? Lower error of log (NHI)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Activity type from spectral classification as follows:
LERG = Low-excitation radio galaxies, 153 sources in our sample
HERG = High-excitation radio galaxies, 32 sources in our sample
AeB = Broad emission lines typical of a quasar spectrum,
36 sources in our sample
Unus = Any object with a spectrum that does not fit into the defined
categories in Ching's article, 3 sources in our sample
BLLa = BL Lac objects, 1 source in our sample
Note (2): Radio morphology as follows:
C = Compact sources where ≤ 30 kpc in size at z ∼ 0.5, 248 sources
in our sample
Ext = Extended sources where a typical size of 180 kpc at z ∼ 0.5,
78 sources in our sample
Note (3): Described in section 2.1, GAMA observation fields as follows:
G9A = G09A ASKAP FLASH pilot fields, 50 sources in our sample
G9B = G09B ASKAP FLASH pilot fields, 52 sources in our sample
G12A = G12A ASKAP FLASH pilot fields, 46 sources in our sample
G12B = G12B ASKAP FLASH pilot fields, 40 sources in our sample
G15A = G15A ASKAP FLASH pilot fields, 72 sources in our sample
G15B = G15B ASKAP FLASH pilot fields, 66 sources in our sample
Note (4): The data pipeline CASDA scheduled block identifications (SBID)
assigned to each observation as SB 13273 = G15B, SB 13283 = G9B,
SB 13293 = G9A, SB 13294 = G15A, SB 13306 = G12A, SB 13335 = G12B.
Note (5): The HI column density is given by the equation 1 of the section 5.3.1
The H I spectrum. For 275 non detection cases, we compute a 3σ
upper limit assuming Gaussian line profile as described by equation 4
of the section 5.5.
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- 19 A19 --- ID Island identifier designation (Island_ID) (1)
21- 22 I2 h RAISh Right ascension of the island (J2000)
24- 25 I2 min RAISm Right ascension of the island (J2000)
27- 30 F4.1 s RAISs Right ascension of the island (J2000)
32 A1 --- DEIS- Declination sign of the island (J2000)
33- 34 I2 deg DEISd Declination of the island (J2000)
36- 37 I2 arcmin DEISm Declination of the island (J2000)
39- 43 F5.2 arcsec DEISs Declination of the island (J2000)
45 A1 --- CompID Component designation within each island
(Comp_ID)
47- 48 I2 h RAh Right ascension of the component (J2000)
50- 51 I2 min RAm Right ascension of the component (J2000)
53- 56 F4.1 s RAs Right ascension of the component (J2000)
58 A1 --- DE- Declination sign of the component (J2000)
59- 60 I2 deg DEd Declination of the component (J2000)
62- 63 I2 arcmin DEm Declination of the component (J2000)
65- 69 F5.2 arcsec DEs Declination of the component (J2000)
71- 75 F5.1 mJy/beam S855.5 Peak flux density at 855.5 MHz from ASKAP
observations of GAMA fields
(Peakfluxdensity)
77- 96 A20 --- SDSS SDSS designation name from photometric
catalogue DR12 (SDSS_ID)
98-102 F5.3 --- z Optical redshift of the host galaxy of each
radio source (Redshift)
104-108 A5 --- r_z Literature reference of z (Redshift_origin)
(2)
110-112 A3 --- Flag [yes/no ] Indicates if the optical source is
in LARGESS Ching's catalog, yes for 105
sources and no for 38 sources (In_ching2017)
114-118 F5.2 arcsec Sep Angular separation between island coordinates
and optical coordinates (Separation)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): The data pipeline CASDA scheduled block identifications (SBID)
assigned to each observation as SB 13273, SB 13283, SB 13285,
SB 13334, SB 13335, SB 13336. Name are then SBXXXXXislandNNNN.
For island associations of one or more Gaussian components belonging
to the same source as described by Whiting & Humphreys
2012PASA...29..371W 2012PASA...29..371W.
Note (2): Literature reference of z as follows:
Ching = LARGESS from Ching et al. 2017MNRAS.464.1306C 2017MNRAS.464.1306C,
Cat. J/MNRAS/464/1306, 30 sources in our sample
GAMA = GAMA Galaxy Survey from Driver et al. 2011MNRAS.413..971D 2011MNRAS.413..971D,
Cat. J/MNRAS/413/971 and Liske et al. 2015MNRAS.452.2087L 2015MNRAS.452.2087L,
Cat. J/MNRAS/452/2087, 49 sources in our sample
NED = NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database,
(http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/) 1 sources in our sample
SDSS = SDSS DR12 survey from Alam et al. 2015ApJS..219...12A 2015ApJS..219...12A,
Cat. V/147, 63 sources in our sample
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History:
From electronic version of the journal
(End) Luc Trabelsi [CDS] 07-Aug-2025