J/MNRAS/542/1233 HD 72659 RV, S and BIS curves (Ruggieri+, 2025)
The GAPS Programme at TNG. LXVIII. Characterization of the substellar companion
around HD 72659 with a multitechnique approach.
Ruggieri A., Sozzetti A., Desidera S., Mesa D., Gratton R., Marzari F.,
Bonavita M., Biazzo K., D'Orazi V., Ginski C., Meyer M., Malavolta L.,
Pinamonti M., Barbato D., Lazzoni C., Lanza A.F., Mancini L., Naponiello L.,
Nardiello D., Zingales T., Rainer M., Scandariato G., Giacobbe P.,
Cosentino R., Fiorenzano A., Claudi R.
<Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 542, 1233 (2025)>
=2025MNRAS.542.1233R 2025MNRAS.542.1233R (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
ADC_Keywords: Stars, double and multiple ; Exoplanets ; Spectroscopy ;
Radial velocities
Keywords: techniques: radial velocities - astrometry -
planets and satellites: detection - stars: imaging -
stars: individual: HD 72659 - stars: solar-type
Abstract:
Before discovering the first exoplanets, the radial velocity (RV)
method had been used for decades to discover binary stars. Despite the
significant advancements made with this technique, it is limited by
the maximum accuracy we can reach, the need for long-term
observational campaigns that are often hard to keep going, and the
mass-inclination degeneracy. For this reason, combining it with
astrometry and direct imaging can greatly increase what we can learn
about systems with substellar companions having very long periods. HD
72659 is an old solar analog known to host a gas giant on a ∼10-yr
orbit discovered in 2003 and a very massive outer companion. This work
aims to confirm HD 72659 c, which was recently announced using data
from the High- Resolution Echelle Spectrometer (HIRES) and the High
Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) instruments. We
monitored HD 72659 with the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet
Searcher for the Northern hemisphere (HARPS-N) in the framework of the
Global Architecture of Planetary Systems (GAPS) project since 2012 and
now combined our large data set with literature data, Gaia DR3
high-precision astrometry, and a high-resolution imaging observation
taken with SPHERE (Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet
REsearch) to accurately constrain the mass and the orbit of this
object (Mc∼19M_Jup, a∼21au) that falls in the so-called Brown Dwarf
desert. We characterize the orbital parameters of HD 72659 c,
confirming the literature mass of this object but not the period, and
we also refine the parameters of planet b with reduced error bars
compared to previous works. Finally, since this star hosts two massive
objects with long orbital periods, the innermost one having moderate
eccentricity, we analyze and discuss the dynamic configuration of this
peculiar case, finding that the Kozai-Lidov may be at work in this
system.
Description:
We present our high-precision radial velocities and activity
indicators obtained from HARPS-N spectra. There are a total of 91
spectra, gathered between 2013 and 2023 with typical exposure times of
600s.
Objects:
-------------------------------------------------------
RA (2000) DE Designation(s)
-------------------------------------------------------
08 34 03.18 -01 34 05.5 HD 72659 = TIC 121284864
-------------------------------------------------------
File Summary:
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FileName Lrecl Records Explanations
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ReadMe 80 . This file
tablea1.dat 59 91 Radial velocities, chromospheric activity
indicator, and Bisector Inverse Span of HD 72659
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Byte-by-byte Description of file: tablea1.dat
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Bytes Format Units Label Explanations
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1- 10 F10.4 d BJD Barycentric Julian Date, BJD-2400000
12- 20 F9.2 m/s RV Radial Velocity
22- 25 F4.2 m/s e_RV 1-sigma uncertainty in RV
27- 34 F8.6 --- S Chromospheric activity index S-index
36- 43 F8.6 --- e_S 1-sigma uncertainty in S-index
45- 51 F7.5 km/s BIS Bisector Inverse Span
53- 59 F7.5 km/s e_BIS 1-sigma uncertainty in Bisector Inverse Span
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Acknowledgements:
Alessandro Ruggieri, alessandro.ruggieri(at)inaf.it
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(End) A. Ruggieri [Obs. of Catania, Italy, P. Vannier [CDS] 22-Apr-2025